He aha nā Acanthocytes?

Anter

• E pili ana i nā acanthocytes: No hea lākou a mai kahi e loaʻa ai lākou
• ʻO Acanthocytes vs. echinocytes
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka acanthocytosis?
• Nā kumu a me nā ʻōuli o ka acanthocytosis
• Heditary acanthocytosis
• Neuroacanthocytosis
• Abetalipoproteinemia
• Loaʻa acanthocytosis
• Lawe aku

ʻO nā Acanthocytes he ʻulaʻula koko ʻulaʻula me nā koʻi o nā lōʻihi like ʻole a me nā laulā i hoʻonohonoho kaulike ʻole ʻia ma ka ʻili o ka cell. ʻO ka inoa mai nā huaʻōlelo Helene "acantha" (ʻo ia hoʻi "ke kākalaioa") a me "kytos" (ʻo ia hoʻi "cell").

Pili kēia mau hunaola ʻē i nā maʻi hoʻoilina a loaʻa hoʻi. Akā ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mākua he hapa iki o nā acanthocytes i ko lākou koko.

Ma kēia ʻatikala, e uhi mākou i nā acanthocytes, pehea ka ʻokoʻa o nā echinocytes, a me nā ʻano kumu e pili ana iā lākou.

E pili ana i nā acanthocytes: No hea lākou a mai kahi e loaʻa ai lākou

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Acanthocytes ka hopena o nā hoʻololi i nā protein a me nā lipids ma nā ʻulaʻula. Pehea pololei a no ke aha e hoʻomaopopo ʻole ai i ke ʻano o nā kui.

Loaʻa nā Acanthocytes i ka poʻe me nā ʻano penei:

• maʻi maʻi ate
• nā maʻi neural laha ʻole, e like me chorea-acanthocytosis a me McLeod syndrome
• hana maikaʻi ʻole
• hypothyroidism
• abetalipoproteinemia (kahi maʻi maʻi ʻōiwi e pili ana i ka hiki ʻole ke komo i kahi momona momona)
• ma hope o ka wehe ʻana o ka spleen (splenectomy)
• anorexia nervosa

Pili kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me statins a i ʻole misoprostol (Cytotec) me nā acanthocytes.

ʻIke pū ʻia nā Acanthocytes i ka mimi o ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes i loaʻa ka glomerulonephritis, kahi ʻano maʻi maʻi ʻōpū.

Ma muli o ko lākou ʻano, manaʻo ʻia hiki i nā acanthocytes ke paʻa a luku ʻia i ka palapū, e hopena ai i ka hemolytic anemia.

Eia kahi hiʻohiʻona o ʻelima acanthocytes i waena o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula maʻamau.

Nā kiʻi Getty

ʻO Acanthocytes vs. echinocytes

ʻAno like ka acanthocyte me kahi hunaola ʻulaʻula ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia he echinocyte. He mau koʻi hoʻi ko Echinocytes ma ka ʻili o ke keʻena, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o lākou, hana mau ʻia, a spaced ʻoi aku ke kaulike ma luna o ka ʻili pūnaewele.

ʻO ka inoa echinocyte mai nā huaʻōlelo Helene "echinos" (ʻo ia hoʻi "urchin") a me "kytos" (ʻo ia hoʻi "cell").

ʻO nā Echinocytes, i kapa ʻia nā pūnaewele burr, pili pū ʻia me nā maʻi puʻuwai hope loa, nā maʻi ate, a me ka hemahema o ka enzyme pyruvate kinase.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka acanthocytosis?

ʻO Acanthocytosis e pili ana i kahi alo ʻole o acanthocytes i ke koko. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau hunaola ʻulaʻula misshapen ma kahi huna koko peripheral.

Pili kēia i ke kau ʻana i kahi laʻana o kou koko ma ka heʻe kīʻaha, ke kala ʻana iā ia, a ke nānā aku nei iā ia ma lalo o kahi microscope. He mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi hāpana koko hou; i ʻole, e like like nā acanthocytes a me nā echinocytes.

E kuhikuhi i nā ʻano kumu e pili ana i ka acanthocytosis, e lawe kāu kauka i kahi mōʻaukala piha a nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona. E nīnau pū lākou e pili ana i nā kūlana hoʻoilina kūpono a hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kino.

Ma waho aʻe o kahi hamo koko, e kauoha ke kauka i kahi helu piha o ke koko a me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. Inā manaʻo lākou he pili neural, kauoha paha lākou i kahi scan MRI lolo.

Nā kumu a me nā ʻōuli o ka acanthocytosis

Ua hoʻoili ʻia kekahi mau ʻano o ka acanthocytosis, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi.

Heditary acanthocytosis

Nā hualitary acanthocytosis heered mai nā hoʻololi kūʻē pilikino i hoʻoilina ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻoilina ʻia ka moʻokūʻauhau mai kekahi makua a i ʻole nā ​​mākua ʻelua.

Eia kekahi mau kūlana hoʻoili i hoʻoili ʻia:

Neuroacanthocytosis

ʻO Neuroacanthocytosis e pili ana i ka acanthocytosis e pili ana i nā pilikia neurological. Kākaʻikahi loa kēia, me ka loiloi o ka helu o hoʻokahi a ʻelima mau hihia no kēlā me kēia heluna o 1,000,000.

ʻO kēia nā kūlana degenerative holomua, e like me:

• Chorea-acanthocytosis. ʻIke pinepine kēia i kāu 20s.
• ʻO McLeod maʻi. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻike i nā makahiki 25 a 60.
• ʻO Huntington's disease-like 2 (HDL2). ʻIke ʻia kēia i ka wā ʻōpio.
• ʻO Pantothenate kinase-pili neurodegeneration (PKAN). ʻIke ʻia kēia i nā keiki ma lalo o 10 a holo wikiwiki.

Hoʻololi nā ʻōuli a me nā holomua o ka maʻi e kēlā me kēia. Ma ka laulā, nā ʻōuli me:

• neʻe ʻole hoʻoikaika kino
• hāʻule manaʻo
• ka hopu ʻana
• dystonia

E ʻike paha kekahi poʻe i nā hōʻailona psychiatric.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia no neuroacanthocytosis. Akā hiki ke mālama ʻia nā ʻōuli. Loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua a me nā hui kākoʻo no ka neuroacanthocytosis.

Abetalipoproteinemia

ʻO Abetalipoproteinemia, i ʻike ʻia ʻo Bassen-Kornzweig Syndrome, nā hopena mai ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka mutation gen like mai nā mākua ʻelua. Hoʻopili ia i ka hiki ʻole ke komo i nā momona papaʻai, kolesterol, a me nā wikamina hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka momona, e like me ka vitamina E.

Kū pinepine ʻo Abetalipoproteinemia i ka wā kamaliʻi, a hiki ke mālama ʻia me nā huaora a me nā mea hoʻopili ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke hoʻohui pū:

• holomua ʻole i ke ʻano pēpē
• nā pilikia neurological, e like me ka kaohi maikaʻi ʻole o ka mākala
• lohi ka hoʻomohala ʻike
• nā pilikia digestive, e like me ka diarrhea a me nā noho hohono
• nā pilikia maka e hele a holomua i ka ʻino

Loaʻa acanthocytosis

Pili nā ʻano maʻi he nui me ka acanthocytosis. ʻAʻole maopopo ke ʻano o ka hana. Eia kekahi o kēia mau ʻano:

• Maʻi maʻi ʻeha nui. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Acanthocytosis ka hopena o ke kaulike ʻole o ke kolesterol a me ka phospholipid ma nā membrane o ke koko. Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia me kahi transplant ake.
• Wehe ʻeleʻele. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ʻo Splenectomy me ka acanthocytosis.
• Anorexia nervosa. Loaʻa ka Acanthocytosis i kekahi poʻe me ka anorexia. Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia me ka lapaʻau no ka anorexia.
• Hypothyroidism. Kuhi ʻia he 20 pākēneka o ka poʻe me ka hypothyroidism e hoʻomohala i ka acanthocytosis mālie. Pili pū ʻia ka Acanthocytosis me ka hypothyroidism holomua loa (myxedema).
• ʻO Myelodysplasia. ʻO kekahi poʻe me kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai koko e hoʻomōhala i ka acanthocytosis.
• Spherositosis. Hiki i kekahi poʻe me kēia maʻi koko hoʻoilina ke hoʻomōhala i ka acanthocytosis.

ʻO nā kūlana ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka acanthocytosis nā cystic fibrosis, nā maʻi celiac, a me nā mea pono ʻole o ka momona.

Lawe aku

ʻO nā Acanthocytes nā hunaola ʻulaʻula maʻamau i loaʻa i nā koʻi maʻamau i ka ʻili o ka cell. Pili lākou me nā kūlana hoʻoilina maʻamau a me nā kūlana loaʻa pinepine ʻia.

Hiki i ke kauka ke hana i kahi kuhi e pili ana i nā ʻōuli a me kahi smear koko ākea. Holomua kekahi ʻano o ka acanthocytosis hoʻoilina a hiki ʻole ke hoʻōla ʻia. Hiki ke mālama maʻamau ʻia ka acanthocytosis loaʻa ke mālama ʻia ke ʻano ma lalo.