Huʻi Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o KANAKA?
• He aha nā kumu o ALL?
• He aha nā mea pilikia no ALL?
• Hōʻike uila
• Nā hōʻike kemika
• Nā maʻi viral
• Hoʻoilina hoʻoilina
• Ka lāhui a me ka moekolohe
• Nā kumumea ʻē aʻe
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai KĀLA?
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko
• ʻIʻini iwi iwi
• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ALL?
• He aha ka helu ola no ALL?
• He aha ke kuanaʻike no ka poʻe me ALL?
• Pehea e pale ʻia ai ALL

He aha ka leukemia lymphocytic huʻi (ALL)?

ʻO ka leukemia lymphocytic huikau (ALL) kahi maʻi ʻaʻa o ke koko a me ka iwi o ka iwi. I KĀLĀ, aia ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke ʻano o ke keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo (WBC) i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he lymphocyte. No ka mea he ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai nui, a kūpikipiki paha ia, neʻe wikiwiki ia.

ʻO KAHI ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui o nā kamaliʻi. ʻO nā keiki ma mua o 5 mau makahiki ka nui o ka makaʻu. Hiki iā ia ke hana i nā mākua.

ʻElua mau subtypes nui o ALL, B-cell ALL a me T-cell ALL. Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka hapa nui o nā KANAKA me ka manawa kūpono e kala ai i nā keiki. ʻAʻohe o nā mākua me KAHI kiʻekiʻe o ka helu remission, akā ke hoʻomaikaʻi mau nei.

Ua koho ka National Cancer Institute (NCI) i ka poʻe 5,960 i United States e loaʻa ka hōʻailona o ALL i ka 2018.

He aha nā hōʻailona o KANAKA?

Loaʻa iā ALL ka hoʻonui i kou manawa o ke kahe ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi. Pākuʻi ʻia nā ʻōuli a me nā hōʻailona o KEKAHI:

• paleness (pale)
• kahe ana ke kahe mai ka gums
• he kuni
• ʻeha a purpura paha (kahe i loko o ka ʻili)
• petechiae (ʻulaʻula a poni paha i ke kino)
• lymphadenopathy (ʻike ʻia e nā lymph node hoʻonui ʻia i ka ʻāʻī, ma lalo o nā lima, a i ʻole ka ʻāpana ʻūhū)
• ate akea
• spleen hoʻonui ʻia
• ʻeha iwi
• ʻeha pū
• nāwaliwali
• luhi
• pokole o ka hanu
• hoʻonui hoʻonui
• palsies nerve cranial

He aha nā kumu o ALL?

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia nā kumu o ALL.

He aha nā mea pilikia no ALL?

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike ka poʻe kauka i nā kumu kikoʻī o ALL, ua ʻike lākou i kekahi mau ʻano pilikia o ke ʻano.

Hōʻike uila

ʻO ka poʻe i hōʻike ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻe o ka pāhawewe, e like me ka poʻe i ola i kahi ulia pōpilikia nukelea, ua hōʻike i ka hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no KULA.

Wahi a a mai ka 1994, ʻo ka poʻe i pakele i ka pōkā atomic i ke Kaua Honua II i hoʻonui i ka maʻi leukemia ʻeono a ʻewalu mau makahiki ma hope o ka hōʻike. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa kahi hana loiloi 2013 i ka pilina ma waena o ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pōpoki atomic a me ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka leukemia.

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi i hana ʻia i nā makahiki 1950 e pili ana nā fetus i ka radiation, e like me nā X-ray, i loko o nā mahina mua o ka hoʻomohala ʻana e hoʻonui ana i ka makaʻu no ALL. Eia naʻe, ua kūleʻa hou nā noiʻi hou ʻana i kēia mau hopena.

e hoʻomaopopo hoʻi i ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi X-ray e pono ai, ʻoiai ke hāpai, hiki ke ʻoi aku i mua o nā makaʻi mai ka pāhawewe. E kamaʻilio i kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu hopohopo.

Nā hōʻike kemika

ʻO ka hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi ʻana i kekahi mau kemika, e like me ka benzene a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau chemotherapy, pili paʻa loa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ALL.

Hiki i kekahi lāʻau chemotherapy ke kumu i nā maʻi maʻi ʻelua. Inā loaʻa i kekahi kanaka ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻelua, ʻo ia hoʻi ua hōʻoia ʻia lākou me ka maʻi ʻaʻai a, a laila, hoʻomohala i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe a pili ʻole.

Hoʻokomo paha kekahi mau lāʻau chemo iā ʻoe i ka makaʻu no ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā ALL ma ke ʻano he maʻi ʻaʻai ʻelua. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka ulu ʻana o ka leukemia myeloid huehue (AML) ma ke ʻano he maʻi ʻaʻai ʻelua ma mua o KATOA.

Inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai lua, e hana ʻoe a me kāu kauka i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau hou.

Nā maʻi viral

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ma 2010 e pili ana nā maʻi maʻi viral i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka makaʻu no ALL.

ʻO nā pūnaewele T kekahi ʻano WBC. ʻO ke kuikahi ʻana i ka maʻi T-cell leukemia virus-1 (HTLV-1) hiki ke hana i kahi ʻano laha ʻole o ka T-cell ALL.

ʻO ka maʻi Epstein-Barr (EBV), ke kuleana maʻamau no ka mononucleosis infectious, ua hoʻopili ʻia me ALL a me Burkitt's lymphoma.

Hoʻoilina hoʻoilina

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia he maʻi maʻi hoʻoilina. Eia nō naʻe, ke ola nei kekahi mau syndrome hoʻoilina me nā hoʻololi kūʻē e hāpai i ka makaʻu o ALL. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• Down syndrome
• ʻO Klinefelter Syndrome
• Anemia Fanconi
• Bloom syndrome
• ataxia-telangiectasia
• neurofibromatosis

ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa ka hoahānau me ALL āpau i ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka maʻi.

Ka lāhui a me ka moekolohe

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu o kekahi poʻe no ALL, ʻoiai ʻaʻole maopopo iki kēia mau ʻokoʻa i ka pilikia. Ua hōʻike ʻo Hispanics a me Caucasians i kahi makaʻu kiʻekiʻe loa no KATOA ma mua o ʻAmelika-ʻAmelika. Loaʻa ka nui o ka makaʻu o nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine.

Nā kumumea ʻē aʻe

Ua aʻo pū ka poʻe loea i ka mea aʻe i hiki i nā loulou i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i KĀLĀ.

• puhipaka
• lōʻihi lōʻihi i ka wahie kakolina diesel
• ʻenekini
• nā pesticides
• māla uila

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai KĀLA?

Pono kāu kauka e hoʻopau i kahi hoʻokolohua kino piha a alakaʻi i nā hoʻokolohua koko a me ka iwi iwi e ʻike pono i nā KANAKA āpau. E nīnau paha lākou e pili ana i ka ʻeha o ka iwi, ʻoiai ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻōuli mua o KATOA.

Eia kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic hiki paha ʻoe e pono ai:

Nā hoʻāʻo koko

Kauoha paha kāu kauka i kahi helu o ke koko. Loaʻa paha i ka poʻe i loaʻa iā ALL ke helu o ke koko e hōʻike ana i ka hemoglobin haʻahaʻa a me ka helu platelet haʻahaʻa. Hoʻonui a hoʻonui ʻia paha kā lākou helu WBC.

Hiki i ke kīʻaha koko ke hōʻike i nā hunaola oʻo ʻole e hoʻopuni ana i ke koko, i loaʻa mau i ka iwi iwi.

ʻIʻini iwi iwi

ʻO ka ʻiʻini iwi o ka iwi e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi laʻana o ka iwi iwi mai kou pelvis a i ʻole ka umauma. Hāʻawi ia i kahi ala e hoʻāʻo ai no ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ulu o ka momona a hoʻemi i ka hana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula.

Hāʻawi pū ia i kāu kauka e hōʻoia no ka displasia. ʻO Dysplasia kahi hoʻomohala kino ʻole o nā hunaola makua ʻole i ke alo o leukositosis (hoʻonui ʻia ka helu WBC).

Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi

Hiki i kahi X-ray umauma ke ʻae i kāu kauka e ʻike inā hoʻonui ʻia ka mediastinum, a i ʻole ka ʻāpana waena o kou umauma.

Kōkua kahi CT scan i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i kou lolo, ka iwi kuamoo, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino.

Nā hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe

Hoʻohana ʻia kahi ʻōiwi e nānā inā ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i kāu wai o ka iwi maha. Hana ʻia paha kahi electrocardiogram (EKG) a me echocardiogram o kou puʻuwai e nānā i ka hana hema o ka ventricular.

Hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻāʻo ma ka serum urea a me ka renal a me ka hana ate.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ALL?

Hoʻomaʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā KULA āpau e hoʻihoʻi i kou koko i ka maʻamau. Inā kū kēia a nānā kou iwi i ka maʻamau ma lalo o kahi microscope, ke kala ʻia kou maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy e mālama i kēia ʻano leukemia.No ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua, noho paha ʻoe i ka haukapila no kekahi mau pule. Ma hope, hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻomau i ka mālama ʻana ma ke ʻano he mea maʻi.

Inā loaʻa kāu helu WBC haʻahaʻa, e hoʻolōʻihi paha ʻoe i ka manawa ma kahi lumi kaʻawale. Mālama kēia i ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe mai nā maʻi lele a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.

Hiki ke koi ʻia kahi iwi iwi a i ʻole ke koʻokoʻo o ke koʻokoʻo inā ʻaʻole pane kāu leukemia i ka chemotherapy. Lawe ʻia paha ka ʻōpae transplanted mai kahi kaikaina mai kahi kūlike i piha.

He aha ka helu ola no ALL?

Ma kahi o 6,000 mau ʻAmelika i loaʻa ka hōʻailona o ALL ma 2018, ua manaʻo ka American Cancer Society he 3,290 ke kāne a he 2,670 i wahine.

Kuhi ka NCI ALL i ka hopena o 1,470 make i ka makahiki 2018. Ma kahi o 830 ka make e manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻia i nā kāne, a he 640 ka make e manaʻo ʻia e hana ʻia i nā wahine.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hapanui o nā hihia o ALL e ʻike ʻia i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio, ma kahi o 85 pākēneka o ka make e kū i nā mākua, wānana ʻia ka NCI. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā keiki ma mua o nā mākua i ka ʻae ʻana i ka lāʻau hoʻomāinoino.

No ka NCI, ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no ka poʻe ʻAmelika o nā makahiki āpau he 68.1 pakeneka. Aia ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no nā keiki ʻAmelika.

He aha ke kuanaʻike no ka poʻe me ALL?

Hoʻoholo nā ʻano mea like ʻole i ka maka o ke kanaka. Hoʻopili lākou i ka makahiki, i nā ʻano subtype, ka helu WBC, a inā paha ʻaʻole pālahalaha nā KANAKA i nā mea kokoke a i ʻole ka wai cerebrospinal.

ʻO nā helu ola no nā mākua ʻaʻole i kiʻekiʻe e like me nā helu ola no nā keiki, akā ke hoʻomaikaʻi mau nei lākou.

Wahi a ka American Cancer Society, ma waena o 80 a me 90 pākēneka o nā mākua me ALL e hele i ke kala. Eia naʻe, ma kahi o ka hapalua o lākou e ʻike nei i ko lākou hoʻi leukemia. Hoʻomaopopo lākou i ka nui o ka helu hōʻola no nā mākua me ALL ka 40 pakeneka. Manaʻo ʻia kahi mākua "hoʻōla" inā lākou i ke kala ʻia no ʻelima mau makahiki.

Kūpono nā keiki me ALL a hiki i kahi manawa kūpono loa e hoʻōla ʻia ai.

Pehea e pale ʻia ai ALL

ʻAʻohe kumu i hōʻoia o KĀLĀ. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hōʻalo i nā kumu pilikia no ia, e like me:

• hōʻike pāhawewe
• hōʻike kemikala
• ʻike i nā maʻi viral
• puhipaka

hoʻolōʻihi ʻia i ka wahie kakolina diesel, kakolina, pesticides, a me nā māla electromagnetic