Kahe ʻana o ka gastrointestinal

ʻO ke kahe Gastrointestinal (GI) pili i nā kahe e hoʻomaka i ka gastrointestinal tract.

Hiki mai ke kahe ʻana mai nā pūnaewele ma ka pūnaewele GI, akā ua mahele pinepine ʻia i:

• ʻO ke kahe kiʻekiʻe o GI: ʻo ka ʻaoʻao GI o luna ka esophagus (ka paipu mai ka waha a ka ʻōpū), ʻōpū, a me ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
• Ke kahe ʻana o GI ma lalo: ʻO ke kahawai GI lalo ka hapa nui o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi, ʻōpū nui a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpū, kiko, a me anus.

Liʻiliʻi paha ka nui o ke kahe ʻana o GI hiki ke ʻike wale ʻia ma kahi hōʻike lab e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kōkō. ʻO nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o ke kahe ʻana o GI:

• Pōhaku noho ʻeleʻele, lohi hoʻi
• Ua hala nā nui o ke koko mai ka pololei
• ʻO nā liʻiliʻi o ke koko i loko o ka ipu lua, ma ka pepa lua, a i ʻole nā ​​kahakaha ma luna o ka pahu.
• Koko luaʻi

Hiki ke weliweli ke kahe nui ʻana mai ke kahawai GI. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kahena liʻiliʻi loa o ke kahe ʻana e hana ana ma kahi o ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki ai ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me ka anemia a i ʻole nā ​​helu koko haʻahaʻa.

I ka manawa e loaʻa ai kahi kahua kahe o ke kahe, loaʻa i nā ʻano lapaʻau he nui e hōʻoki i ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole mālama i ke kumu.

ʻO ke kahe GI ma muli o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi ʻole, e like me:

• Māhele anal
• Hemorrhoids

ʻO GI ke kahe ʻana he hōʻailona paha ia o nā maʻi nui a me nā kūlana. Pākuʻi ʻia paha kēia i nā maʻi ʻaʻai o ke ala GI e like me:

• Kanesa o ke kolona
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi
• Kanesa o ka ʻōpū
• Intestinal polyps (kahi kūlana pre-cancerous)

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ke kahe ʻana o GI:

• ʻO nā kīʻaha koko maʻamau i ka uhi o nā ʻōpū (i kapa ʻia ʻo angiodysplasia)
• ʻO ka divertikulum kahe, a ʻo ka divertikulosis
• ʻO ka maʻi Crohn a i ʻole colitis ulcerative
• Nā ʻaoʻao Esophageal
• ʻElepagitis
• Gastric (ʻōpū) ulcer
• Intussusception (ʻōlohelohe ke ʻōpū ma luna iho)
• Haehae Mallory-Weiss
• Meckel divertikulum
• ʻO ka hōʻeha uila i ka ʻōpū

Aia nā hoʻāo o ka noho noho home no ke koko microscopic e ʻōlelo ʻia no ka poʻe me ka anemia a i ʻole no ka loiloi ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona.

Kāhea i kāu kahu mālama ola inā:

• He ʻeleʻele ʻoe, a me nā noho lōʻihi (he hōʻailona paha kēia no ke kahe ʻana o GI)
• Loaʻa kou koko i kāu pahu
• Luai ʻoe i ke koko a i ʻole luaʻi ʻoe i nā mea e like me ke kumu kope

ʻIke paha kāu mea hāʻawi i ke kahe GI i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua ma kāu kipa keʻena.

Hiki i ke kahe GI ke kūlana pilikia e pono ai ka mālama olakino koke. Hoʻopili paha ka mālama ʻana:

• Hoʻokahe koko.
• Nā wai a me nā lāʻau i loko o ke aa.
• ʻO Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). ʻO kahi paipu lahilahi me kahi kāmela i ka hopena e hele ʻia i loko o kou waha i kou esophagus, ʻōpū, a me kou ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
• Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu ma loko o kou waha i loko o ka ʻōpū e hoʻokahe i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū (gastric lavage).

Ke kūpaʻa kou ʻano, e loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻokolohua kino a me kahi hōʻike kikoʻī o kou ʻōpū. E nīnau ʻia ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​e like me:

• I ka manawa hea ʻoe i ʻike mua ai i nā ʻōuli?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe he ʻeleʻele, noho pā a i ʻole he koko ʻulaʻula i loko o nā ʻauamo?
• Ua luaʻi ʻoe i ke koko?
• Ua luaʻi ʻoe i nā mea e like me nā papa kope?
• Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻaukala o ka peptic a i ʻole duodenal ulcer?
• Ua loaʻa paha iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e like me kēia ma mua?
• He aha nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe āu?

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Scanner CT ʻōpū
• Scanner MRI ʻōpū
• Hihi x ʻōpū
• ʻIlelo Angiography
• ʻImi kahe ʻana (tagged red blood cell scanner)
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke kāpili koko
• Capsule endoscopy (kāmela pahupaʻikiʻi i ale ʻia e nānā i ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi)
• Kolonekia
• Helu piha ke koko (CBC), nā hoʻāo ʻana i ke kāpili, ka helu platelet, a me nā hoʻokolohua keʻena hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe
• Hoʻokena
• ʻO Sigmoidoscopy
• EGD a i ʻole esophago-gastro endoscopy

Kahe ʻana o GI lalo; Kahena GI; Koko kiʻekiʻe o GI; Hematochezia

• Kahe GI - moʻo
• Hōʻike koko okekoma fecal

ʻO Kovacs TO, ʻo Jensen DM. Hemorrhage Gastrointestinal. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 135.

ʻO Meguerdichian DA, ʻo Goralnick E. ʻO ke kahe o Gastrointestinal. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 27.

ʻO Savides TJ, Jensen DM. Kahe ʻana o ka gastrointestinal. I: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. ʻO Sleisenger a me Fordtran's Gastrointestinal a me ka maʻi Liver: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 10 o ka lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 20.