Mahana Pork: Pehea e kuke ai i ka puaʻa

Anter

• Nā hopohopo olakino e pili ana i ka puaʻa ʻai ʻole
• Pehea e ana ai i ka mahana
• Nā kulekele kūmahana
• Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo palekana palekana puaʻa ʻē aʻe
• Ke laina lalo

ʻO ka kuke ʻana i ka ʻiʻo i ka mahana kūpono ka mea nui ke palekana i ka meaʻai.

Pono ia no ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi parasite a hoʻemi i kou makaʻu i ka maʻi hānau.

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka puaʻa i ka maʻi, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā hana i loko o ka ʻoihana meaʻai i loko o nā makahiki he 10 i hala aku nei i alakaʻi i nā alakaʻi hou e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau puaʻa.

Eia pehea e kuke palekana ai i ka puaʻa e pale ai i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole a me nā hōʻailona.

Nā hopohopo olakino e pili ana i ka puaʻa ʻai ʻole

Trichinella spiralis ʻo ia kekahi ʻano o ka roundworm parasite i loaʻa i nā ʻano holoholona he omnivorous a me carnivorous a puni ka honua - me nā puaʻa ().

Hiki i nā holoholona ke lilo i maʻi ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpala o ka ʻiʻo i loko o ka parasite.

Ulu nā ilo i loko o ka ʻōpū o ka mea hoʻokipa, a laila hana i nā larva e hele i loko o ke kahe o ke koko a paʻa i ka mākala ().

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka puaʻa ʻai ʻole i maʻi ʻia me Trichinella spiralis hiki ke alakaʻi i ka trichinosis, kahi maʻi e hopena i nā ʻōuli e like me ka maʻi diarrhea, ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ʻehaʻeha, a me ke kuni.

ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, nā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe, nā kānāwai e pili ana i ka hoʻolei ʻōpala, a me nā hana pale i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale aku i ka maʻi i alakaʻi ʻia i ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i ka nui o nā trichinosis i loko o nā 50 mau makahiki i hala (3).

I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, mai 2008 a 2012, aia wale nō ma kahi o 15 mau hihia i hōʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i nā Centers for Disease Control and Prevent (CDC) - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka wā i hala.

ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike 1943 e ka National Institute of Health e pili ana i ka parasite i loaʻa ma kahi o 16% o ka heluna U.S. (3).

I loko nō o ka emi ʻana o ka trichinosis, he mea nui ka kuke pono ʻana e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka maʻi.

Hiki i ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa ke pale aku i ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā maʻi bacteria. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea Salmonella, Campylobacter, Listeria, a ʻO Yersinia enterocolitica, ka mea e hiki ai i ke kuni, ke anuanu, a me ka pilikia o ka digestive ().

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka puaʻa i hoʻopili ʻia me Trichinella spiralis hiki ke kumu i ka trichinosis. ʻOiai nā hana hou i loko o ka ʻoihana mea ʻai i hoʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka maʻi, ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa ka mea koʻikoʻi no ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi hānau.

Pehea e ana ai i ka mahana

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka thermometer ʻai kiko uila ka ala maʻalahi a me ka maikaʻi e ana ai i ka wela a me ka hōʻoia ʻana e kuke ʻia ka puaʻa a puni.

E hoʻomaka me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka thermometer i waenakonu o ka ʻiʻo ma ka ʻāpana mānoanoa, ʻo ia ka mea maʻamau a ʻo ka mea hope loa e kuke ai.

E nānā pono ʻaʻole pili ka thermometer i kahi iwi e loaʻa ka heluhelu pololei loa.

Hoʻopili, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kāu thermometer me ka wai soapy ma mua a ma hope o kēlā me kēia hoʻohana.

I ka manawa i hiki aku ai ka puaʻa i ka mahana i makemake ʻia, hemo ia mai ke kumu wela a hoʻomaha kaʻiʻo no ʻekolu mau minuke ma mua o ke kālai ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana.

Ma waho o ka puaʻa o ka honua, koi ʻia kēia mau ʻanuʻu no nā ʻoki āpau e kōkua ai i ka luku ʻana i nā bacteria āpau a hāpai i ka palekana o ka meaʻai kūpono ().

Nā kulekele kūmahana

ʻO ka kuke kuke kūpono kekahi o nā ala kūpono e pale aku ai i ka trichinosis, kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka parasite Trichinella spiralis.

I ka wā ma mua, ua koi ʻia e kuke i ka puaʻa i kahi mahana o loko o 160 ° F (71 ° C) - me ka nānā ʻole o ka ʻoki - i pale i ka maʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, i ka 2011, ka United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) hōʻano hou i kā lākou mau manaʻo e hōʻike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā hana palekana meaʻai a me ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka nui o nā trichinosis.

Paipai ʻia i kēia manawa e kuke i nā puaʻa puaʻa, ʻokiʻoki, a me ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana ma ka liʻiliʻi 145 ° F (63 ° C) - e ʻae i kaʻiʻo e mālama i kona ona a me ka ʻono me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana (6).

Pono e hoʻomoʻa i nā ʻiʻo Organ, kaʻiʻo puaʻa, a me nā hui i hana ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka puaʻa i ka 160 ° F (71 ° C).

Hōʻike pū ka USDA i ka ʻae ʻana i ka ʻiʻo e noho ma kahi o ʻekolu mau minuke ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana no nā ʻano puaʻa āpau koe ka puaʻa lepo.

Eia nā mahana hoʻomehana i koi ʻia no kekahi o nā ʻoki puaʻa maʻamau (6):

Hiki i ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa ke hoʻopau loa i kāu makaʻu o ka maʻi. Pono e kuke i kaʻiʻo i nā mahana o 145-160 ° F (63-71 ° C) a ʻae ʻia e hoʻomaha no ʻekolu mau minuke ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo palekana palekana puaʻa ʻē aʻe

Ma waho o ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa, nui nā ʻanuʻu ʻē aʻe i hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka palekana meaʻai kūpono i ka lawelawe ʻana i kēia ʻano ʻiʻo.

No ka poʻe hoʻomaka, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka puaʻa maka a moa i loko o ka pahu hau no 3-4 mau lā ma nā mahana ma lalo o 40 ° F (4 ° C).

E hoʻopili pono i ka puaʻa a hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka ʻike ʻana i ka ea e pale ai i ka maloʻo o kaʻiʻo.

Pono e mālama ʻia nā ʻiʻo maka ma ka papa lalo o ka pahu hau e hōʻole ai i ka lawe ʻana i nā bacteria i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe.

Ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa, e hoʻomākaukau e hoʻomākaukau iā ia i kahi wahi hoʻomaʻemaʻe a hoʻohana i nā mea kaʻawale a me nā papa ʻoki inā hoʻomākaukau i nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe i ka manawa like.

Hōʻalo i ka ʻae ʻana i nā meaʻai i kuke ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai e koi ʻole ai i ka kuke ʻana e hoʻopili me kaʻiʻo maka e pale ai i ka hoʻohaunaele.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, e mālama pono i nā koena i loko o ka pahu hau me ka wikiwiki a mai haʻalele i ka puaʻa i ka mahana o ka lumi no ʻelua mau hola e pale aku ai i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria.

Ma waho o ke kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa, mea nui ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama pono ʻana no ka mālama ʻana i ka palekana o ka meaʻai.

Ke laina lalo

ʻOiai ua loli nā alakaʻi no ka kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa i loko o nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka palekana o ka meaʻai ka mea nui e pale ai i ka maʻi hānau.

Ma hope o nā ʻōkuhi i koi ʻia no ka kuke ʻana i ka puaʻa hiki ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻi o ka trichinosis, kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka ʻai ʻana i ka puaʻa ʻai ʻole i hoʻohaumia ʻia me ka Trichinella spiralis parasite.

Paipai ka USDA e hoʻomoʻa i ka puaʻa i kahi mahana o 145-160 ° F (63-71 ° C) - kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻoki - a ʻae ʻia e hoʻomaha no ʻekolu mau minuke ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana.

ʻO ka lawelawe kūpono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana he kī hoʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou makaʻu i ka maʻi bacteria.