Pehea e kuhikuhi ʻia ai ka Sclerosis Multiple?

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o MS?
• He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka diagnose MS?
• Hōʻike koko
• Hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kūpono
• Mākēneki resonance kiʻi (MRI)
• Lumbar puncture (iwi kuamoʻo tap)
• Nā pae hoʻohālikelike
• ʻOkoʻa ke kaʻina hana diagnostic no kēlā me kēia ʻano MS?
• Hoʻihoʻi hou iā MS
• ʻO MS holomua mua
• ʻO MS holomua kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO ka maʻi kaʻawale Clinically (CIS)
• Lawe aku

He aha nā sclerosis maha?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) kahi kūlana kahi e hōʻeha ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino i nā mea olakino olakino i ka ʻōpū kikowaena (CNS). Hoʻopili ʻia nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia i nā:

• lolo
• kaulaʻi iwi kuamoʻo
• ʻalohā optic

Aia kekahi mau ʻano sclerosis he nui, akā ʻaʻohe hōʻike kauka i kēia manawa e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa i kekahi ke ʻano.

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi hōʻike hōʻoia hoʻokahi no MS, hiki i kāu kauka ke holo i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e kāpae i nā kūlana kūpono ʻē aʻe. Inā maikaʻi ʻole nā ​​hōʻike, hōʻike paha lākou i nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe inā ʻike ʻia kāu mau hōʻailona no MS.

Eia nō naʻe, nā hana hou i ke kiʻi ʻana a hoʻomau i ka noiʻi ʻana ma MS ma ka laulā, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka diagnose a me ka mālama ʻana iā MS.

He aha nā hōʻailona o MS?

Hana ka CNS ma ke ʻano he kikowaena kamaʻilio i kou kino. Hoʻouna ia i nā hōʻailona i kou mau mākala e neʻe iā lākou, a hoʻouna ke kino i nā hōʻailona i hope no ka CNS e unuhi. Hiki i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hoʻopili i nā leka e pili ana i ka mea āu e ʻike nei a i ʻole ke manaʻo ai, e like me ka pā ʻana i kahi wela.

Ma waho o nā ʻalalā nerve e lawe i nā hōʻailona kahi pale pale i kapa ʻia ʻo myelin (MY-uh-lin). Maʻalahi ʻo Myelin no nā olonā nerve e hoʻouna i nā leka. Ua like ia me ka hiki i ke kaula fiber-optic ke alakaʻi i nā leka ma mua o ke kaula kuʻuna.

Ke loaʻa iā MS, hōʻeha kou kino i ka myelin a me nā keena e hana i ka myelin. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻouka aku kou kino i nā hunaola nerve.

Hoʻololi nā ʻōuli MS i kēlā me kēia kanaka. I kekahi manawa, e hele mai nā ʻōuli a hele.

Hoʻohui nā kauka i kekahi mau hōʻailona e like me ka mea maʻamau i ka poʻe e noho nei me MS. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• bladder a me nā ʻōpū o ke ʻōpū
• kaumaha
• noʻonoʻo paʻakikī, e like me ka hoʻomanaʻo i pili a me nā pilikia e kia ana
• ka hele wāwae paʻakikī, e like me ka nalo ʻana o ke kaulike
• ʻūpā
• luhi
• numbness a i ʻole ʻūlū ʻana o ka maka a i ʻole ke kino
• ʻeha
• spasticity mānoanoa
• nā pilikia ʻike, me ka ʻike maka a me ka ʻeha me ka neʻe o ka maka
• nāwaliwali, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka mākala

ʻO nā ʻōuli MS liʻiliʻi ʻoi aku ka:

• nā pilikia hanu
• ʻeha poʻo
• poho lohe
• ʻūlili
• ʻōpilikia ʻana i ka ale ʻana
• ka hopu ʻana
• nā ʻōlelo paʻakikī, e like me ka slurred speech
• haʻalulu

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.

He aha ke kaʻina hana no ka diagnose MS?

ʻAʻole wale ʻo MS ke kūlana i loaʻa mai nā myelin i hōʻino ʻia. Aia kekahi mau ʻano olakino ʻē aʻe e noʻonoʻo ai kāu kauka i ke kuhi ʻana i ka MS e hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• nā maʻi autoimmune, e like me ka maʻi kolekole collagen
• ka hōʻike ʻana i nā kemika ʻino
• ʻO Guillain-Barré Syndrome
• nā maʻi hoʻoilina
• maʻi viral
• Ka loaʻa ʻole o ka wikamina B-12

E hoʻomaka kāu kauka ma ke noi ʻana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino a me ka loiloi ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona. E hana pū lākou i nā hoʻokolohua i hiki ke kōkua iā lākou e nānā i kāu hana neurological. E hoʻopili ʻia kāu loiloi neurological:

• ke hoʻāʻo nei i kāu kaulike
• ke nānā aku nei iā ʻoe e hele wāwae ana
• ke nānā nei i kāu reflexes
• Ke hoʻāʻo nei i kāu hihiʻo

Hōʻike koko

Kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻokolohua koko. ʻO kēia ka mea e kāpae ai i nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe a me nā hemahema o ka wikamina e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i kāu mau ʻōuli.

Hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kūpono

ʻO nā hōʻike i hiki ke hoʻāla ʻia (EP) nā mea e ana i ka hana uila o ka lolo. Inā hōʻike ka hōʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka hana lolo lohi, hiki i kēia ke hōʻike iā MS.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana iā EP e kau ana i nā kaula ma ka ʻili ma luna o nā kiko kikoʻī o kou lolo. A laila e wehe ʻia ʻoe i ke kukui, nā kani, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano manaʻo ʻē aʻe ke ana ka mea loiloi i kāu nalu o ka lolo. ʻAʻole ʻeha kēia hōʻike.

ʻOiai he nui nā ana EP ʻokoʻa, ʻo ka mana i ʻae ʻia ʻo ia ka EP ʻike. Pili kēia i ka noi ʻana iā ʻoe e nānā i kahi pale e hōʻike ana i kahi papa inoa checkerboard alternating, ʻoiai ke ana kauka i ka pane o kou lolo.

Mākēneki resonance kiʻi (MRI)

Hiki i ke kiʻi resonance ʻume mākenēki (MRI) ke hōʻike i nā leona ʻino i ka lolo a i ʻole ka iwi kuamoo i ʻano like me ka hōʻailona MS. I ka MRI scans, e ʻike keʻokeʻo a ʻeleʻele paha kēia mau leona.

Ma muli o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā liona ma ka lolo no nā kumu ʻē aʻe, e like me ma hope o ka hahau ʻia ʻana, pono i kāu kauka ke kāpae i kēia mau kumu ma mua o ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi hōʻailona MS.

ʻAʻole pili kahi MRI i ka hōʻike radiation a ʻaʻole ʻeha. Hoʻohana ka scanner i kahi kahua magnet e ana i ka nui o ka wai i loko o ka mea. ʻO ka maʻamau myelin kipaku i ka wai. Inā hōʻino kekahi kanaka me MS i ka myelin, e hōʻike ʻia ka nui o ka wai i ka scan.

Lumbar puncture (iwi kuamoʻo tap)

ʻAʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia kaʻina hana e hōʻike pono iā MS. Akā, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana diagnostical hiki. Hoʻopili kahi lumbar puncture i ke kiki ʻana i kahi nila i loko o ka canal spinal e hoʻoneʻe i ka wai.

Hōʻike kahi loea loea i ka wai ākea no ke kū ʻana o kekahi mau antibodies a ka poʻe me MS e loaʻa ai. Hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia ka wai i ka maʻi, i hiki ke kōkua i kāu kauka e kāpae iā MS.

Nā pae hoʻohālikelike

Hiki paha i nā kauka ke hana hou i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostics no MS i mau manawa ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka ʻike. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i nā hōʻailona MS ke loli. Kuhi paha lākou i kekahi me MS inā e kuhikuhi ana i nā kuhikuhi i kēia pae hoʻohālikelike:

• Hōʻike nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona i ka hōʻino ʻia o ka myelin ma ka CNS.
• Ua ʻike ke kauka ma kahi o ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau leona i ʻelua a ʻoi paha mau ʻāpana o ka CNS ma o kahi MRI.
• Aia nā hōʻike e pili ana i kahi hoʻokolohua kino i hoʻopili ʻia ka CNS.
• Ua loaʻa i kekahi kanaka ʻelua a ʻoi paha nā ʻāpana o ka hana neurological e pili ana no hoʻokahi lā a hoʻokahi, a ua hala lākou i hoʻokahi mahina. A i ʻole, ua holomua nā ʻōuli o ke kanaka i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki.
• ʻAʻole hiki i ke kauka ke loaʻa nā wehewehe ʻē aʻe no nā ʻōuli o ke kanaka.

Ua loli nā pae hoʻohālikelike i nā makahiki a e hoʻomau paha e loli i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ʻenehana hou a me ka noiʻi.

Ua paʻi ʻia nā paepae hou loa i 2017 e like me ka loiloi The International Panel on the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i kēia mau pae hoʻohālikelike.

ʻO kekahi o nā hana hou hou loa i ke kuhi ʻana iā MS kahi mea hana i kapa ʻia ʻo tomography coherence tomography (OCT). ʻAe kēia mea hana i ke kauka e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o ke aʻalolo opua o ke kanaka. He eha ʻole ka hoʻāʻo a ua like ia me ke kiʻi ʻana i kou maka.

ʻIke nā kauka he mea maʻamau nā kānaka me MS i nā aʻa optic e nānā ʻokoʻa i ka poʻe i ʻole ka maʻi. ʻAe ʻo OCT i kahi kauka e nānā i ke olakino o ka maka o ke kanaka ma ka nānā ʻana i ke aʻalolo optic.

ʻOkoʻa ke kaʻina hana diagnostic no kēlā me kēia ʻano MS?

Ua ʻike nā kauka i kekahi ʻano o nā ʻano MS. I ka 2013, ua hoʻoponopono hou ʻia nā wehewehe o kēia ʻano e pili ana i ka noiʻi hou a me ka ʻenehana kiʻi hou.

ʻOiai ʻo ka hōʻailona o MS he mau pae mua, e hoʻoholo ana i ka ʻano MS a kekahi kanaka e pili ana i ka huli ʻana i nā hōʻailona MS o kekahi kanaka i ka hala o ka manawa. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka MS a ke kanaka, nānā nā kauka

• ʻOihana MS
• kala kala
• ka holomua o ke kūlana

ʻO nā ʻano o MS me:

Hoʻihoʻi hou iā MS

Ua koho ʻia he 85 pākēneka o ka poʻe me MS i ʻike mua ʻia me MS relapsing-remitting, ka mea i hōʻike ʻia e nā hoʻi hou. ʻO kēia ke kū ʻana o nā ʻōuli MS hou a ukali ʻia e ke kala o nā ʻōuli.

Ma kahi o ka hapalua o nā ʻōuli e kū nei i ka wā o ka hoʻi hou ʻana e waiho i kekahi mau pilikia lohi, akā he liʻiliʻi paha kēia. I ka wā o ke kala ʻana, ʻaʻole e māloʻohia ke kūlana o ke kanaka.

ʻO MS holomua mua

Kuhi ka hui kaiaulu National MS he 15 pākēneka o ka poʻe me MS he MS holomua mua. ʻO ka poʻe me kēia ʻano e ʻike i ka ulu mau o nā ʻōuli, maʻamau me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻi hou ʻana a me nā kala ʻana i ka wanaʻao i kā lākou kuhi.

ʻO MS holomua kiʻekiʻe

Loaʻa nā kānaka me kēia ʻano MS i nā hanana mua o ka hoʻi hou a me ke kala ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōuli ma ka manawa.

ʻO ka maʻi kaʻawale Clinically (CIS)

Hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i kahi kanaka me ka maʻi ʻokiʻoki maʻi (CIS) inā loaʻa iā lākou kahi ʻāpana o nā hōʻailona neurologic e pili ana me MS e mau ana ma 24 mau hola. Hoʻopili kēia mau ʻōuli me ka mumū a me ka hōʻino ʻana i ka myelin.

Loaʻa i hoʻokahi wale nō ʻāpana o ka ʻike ʻana i kahi hōʻailona e pili ana iā MS ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e hele a hoʻomohala kekahi kanaka iā MS.

Eia nō naʻe, inā hōʻike nā hopena MRI o kahi kanaka me CIS e ʻoi aku paha lākou i ka makaʻu kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā MS, hōʻike nā alakaʻi hou i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi e hoʻololi ai i ka maʻi.

Lawe aku

Wahi a ka National MS Society, hiki i kēia mau kulekele ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o MS i ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli i nā wā mua loa.