Myelodysplasia: he aha ia, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• He aha nā kumu
• Pehea e hōʻoia ai
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO Myelodysplastic Syndrome, a i ʻole myelodysplasia, kūlike ia i kahi hui o nā maʻi i ʻike ʻia e ka holomua ʻole o ka iwi iwi, a hiki i ka hana ʻana i nā keena hemahema a makua ʻole paha i kū i ke kahe o ke koko, a laila hopena ʻia ka anemia, ka luhi nui, ka maʻamau i nā maʻi a me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe. pinepine, i hiki ai i nā pilikia pilikia loa.

ʻOiai hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o kēia maʻi i ka poʻe ma mua o 70 mau makahiki, a i ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole i wehewehe ʻia nā kumu, ʻoiai ma kekahi mau hihia e ala aʻe paha ma muli o ka mālama ʻana i kahi maʻi ʻaʻai mua me chemotherapy, radiation therapy a i ʻole ke hōʻike ʻana i nā kemika, e like me ka benzene a i ʻole ka uahi, no ka laʻana.

Hiki ke hoʻōla maʻamau ʻo Myelodysplasia me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka iwi iwi, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki kēia no nā mea maʻi āpau, a he mea nui e ʻimi i ke alakaʻi mai ka mea hana maʻamau a i ʻole hematologist.

Nā hōʻailona nui

ʻO ka iwi iwi kahi mea nui i loko o ke kino e hoʻohua i nā huna koko, e like me nā ʻulaʻula, nā ʻulaʻula, nā leukosit, he mau keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ke kuleana no ka pale ʻana i ke kino a me nā platelet, nā mea e paʻa ai ke koko. No laila, hana kou hoʻopilikia i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli e like me:

• Luhi nui loa;
• Pallor;
• Ka pōkole o ka hanu;
• ʻO ka maʻamau i nā maʻi maʻi;
• Fiva;
• Kaheʻe ʻana o ke koko;
• ʻIke o nā kikoʻula i ke kino.

I nā hihia mua, ʻaʻole e hōʻike ke kanaka i nā ʻōuli, a ʻike ʻia ka maʻi i nā hōʻike maʻamau. Hoʻohui ʻia, ka nui a me ka ikaika o nā ʻōuli e pili i nā ʻano o nā hunaola koko e pili nui ʻia e myelodysplasia a me ke koʻikoʻi o kēlā me kēia hihia. Ma kahi o 1/3 o nā hihia o ka myelodysplastic syndrome hiki ke holomua i ka leukemia koʻikoʻi, kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui o nā hunaola koko. E nānā hou aʻe e pili ana i ka leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi.

No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoholo i kahi manawa o ke ola no kēia mau mea maʻi, ʻoiai hiki ke loli me ka lohi o ka maʻi, no nā makahiki he nui, no ka mea hiki ke hoʻololi i kahi ʻano koʻikoʻi, me ka pane iki ʻole i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a hoʻonui i nā pilikia i kekahi mau mahina. . makahiki.

He aha nā kumu

ʻAʻole kū paʻa ke kumu o ka myelodysplastic syndrome, eia naʻe i ka hapanui o nā hihia he kumu kumu ko ka maʻi, akā ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka loli o DNA, a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka maʻi ma ke ʻano myelodysplasia mua. ʻOiai he kumu kumu paha ia, ʻaʻole hoʻoilina ka maʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Myelodysplastic Syndrome ma ke ʻano he kekona ke kū aʻe ia ma ke ʻano he hopena o nā hanana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ʻona i hana ʻia e nā kemika, e like me chemotherapy, radiotherapy, benzene, pesticides, paka, kēpau a mercury paha, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai

E hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia o myelodysplasia, e hana ka hematologist i ka loiloi loiloi a me nā hoʻokolohua kauoha e like me:

• Heluhelu koko, ka mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, leukocytes a me nā platelet i loko o ke koko;
• Myelogram, ʻo ia ka iwi o ka iwi i hiki ke loiloi i ka nui a me nā ʻano o nā hunaola i kēia wahi. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e hana ʻia ai ka myelogram;
• Nā hoʻāʻo genetic a me nā immunological, e like me karyotype a i ʻole immunophenotyping;
• Biopsy iwi ʻōiwi, kahi e hiki ai ke hāʻawi i ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka ʻike o ka iwi iwi, ʻoiai ke hoʻololi nui ʻia a ʻeha paha i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, e like me nā infiltrations fibrosis;
• Nā hana o ka hao, wikamina B12 a me folic acid, e like me ko lākou hemahema hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hana o ke koko.

Ma kēia ala, e hiki ai i ka hematologist ke haki i ke ʻano o ka myelodysplasia, hoʻokaʻawale iā ia mai nā maʻi pūpū iwi ʻē aʻe a e hoʻoholo pono i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻoneʻe iwi iwi, a hiki i ke ola o ka maʻi, akā naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono ka poʻe āpau no kēia hana, pono e hana ʻia i ka poʻe ʻaʻohe o lākou maʻi e kaupalena ai i ko lākou hiki kino a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma lalo o nā makahiki he 65.

ʻO kekahi koho lapaʻau e like me chemotherapy, i hana mau ʻia me nā lāʻau e like me Azacitidine a me Decitabine, no ka laʻana, hana ʻia i nā pōʻai i hoʻoholo ʻia e ka hematologist.

Pono pono ke kōpili ʻana i ke koko i kekahi mau hihia, keu hoʻi ke anemia koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka nele o nā platelet e ʻae pono i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke koko. E hōʻoia i nā hōʻailona a pehea e hana ai ke kōpili.