Nā ʻano o ka megacolon, pehea e ʻike ai a mālama ai

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui a me nā ʻōuli
• Nā kumu nui
• 1. Megacolon hānau
• 2. Ua loaʻa iā Megacolon
• 3. ʻOka megacolon ʻona

ʻO ka megacolon ka mea nui o ka ʻōpū nui, hele pū me ka paʻakikī i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā feces a me nā kinoea, i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā leona ma nā aʻa o ka ʻōpū. He hopena paha ia o ka maʻi hānau o kahi pēpē, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka maʻi ʻo Hirschsprung, a i ʻole hiki ke loaʻa i ke ola holoʻokoʻa, ma muli o ka maʻi Chagas, no ka laʻana.

ʻO kekahi ʻano o ka megacolon ma muli o ka mumū o ka ʻōpū nui a koʻikoʻi hoʻi, i kapa ʻia he megacolon ʻona, i hoʻomohala pinepine ʻia e nā poʻe me ka maʻi ʻōpala, e hoʻoulu ai i ka ʻōpū, ka wela, ka puʻuwai wikiwiki a me ka makaʻu o ka make.

Me ka nalowale o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū i kēia maʻi, ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli, e like me ka constipation e ʻino ana i ka manawa, ka luaʻi, ka ʻū ʻana a me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe mea e ola ai, hiki ke mālama ʻia ka megacolon e like me ke kumu, a komo i ka hoʻomaha o nā ʻōuli, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā laxatives a me nā holoi ʻana o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole i ka hana ʻana i ke ʻoki e wehe i ka ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia o ka ʻōpū, e hoʻoponopono ana i kahi ala e hoʻololi hou aʻe.

Nā hōʻailona nui a me nā ʻōuli

Ma muli o ka hiki ʻole o ke neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, nā hōʻailona megacolon a me nā ʻōuli me:

• Hoʻoipo kōpū, a i ʻole ka constipation, e hōʻoi aʻe ana i ka hala o ka manawa, a hiki ke hōʻea i ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā feces a me nā kinoea;
• Pono e hoʻohana i nā laxatives a i ʻole ka lavage ʻōpū e hoʻoneʻe ai;
• ʻO ka pehu a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole ʻōpū;
• ʻO Nusea a me ka luaʻi, ka mea hiki ke koʻikoʻi a hoʻopau i nā ʻike o nā feces.

Hoʻololi ka ikaika o kēia mau ʻōuli e like me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, no laila hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli i nā lā mua o ke ola, e like me ka megacolon hānau, a i ʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma hope o nā mahina a i ʻole nā ​​makahiki i hoʻomaka ai, e like me ka hihia o loaʻa ka megacolon, ke holo lohi a ka maʻi.

Nā kumu nui

Hiki i Megacolon ke hana no kekahi mau kumu, hiki ke ala mai ka hānau a loaʻa paha i loko o ke ola. ʻO nā kumu maʻamau ka:

1. Megacolon hānau

ʻO kēia hoʻololi, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka maʻi ʻo Hirschsprung, he maʻi ia i hānau ʻia me ka pēpē, ma muli o ka hemahema a i ʻole ka loaʻa ʻole o nā olonā nerve i loko o ka ʻōpū, kahi e pale ai i kāna hana kūpono no ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā feces, i hōʻiliʻili a hana i nā ʻōuli.

Kākaʻikahi kēia maʻi, ma muli o nā loli, a hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli mai nā hola mua a i ʻole nā ​​lā ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoluʻolu nā loli a me nā ʻōuli, hiki ke hala i mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina e ʻike pono ai i ka maʻi a, i kēia mau hihia, he mea maʻamau no ka hoʻopaneʻe ʻana o ka pēpē i ka ulu ʻana, ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka hiki i ka momona o nā meaola o nā keiki. meaʻai.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai: ke kuhi ʻia o ka megacolon hikiwawe e ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻōuli o ke keiki e ke kauka, e hana ana i kahi hoʻokolokolo kino, me ka noi ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka x-ray o ka ʻōpū, kahi enema opaque, anometectic anorectal a me biopsy rectal, i ʻae ka maʻi e hōʻoia.

Pehea e mālama ai: i ka manawa mua, hiki ke hana i kahi ʻoki kolostomy no ka manawa e ʻae i ka pēpē e hoʻopau i nā feces ma o kahi ʻeke liʻiliʻi i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻōpū. A laila, hoʻonohonoho ʻia kahi ʻōpala definitive, ma kahi o 10-11 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka ʻāpana kino ʻole a me ke kūkulu hou ʻana i ka ʻōpū.

2. Ua loaʻa iā Megacolon

ʻO ke kumu nui a loaʻa ka megacolon ʻo Chagas Disease, kahi kūlana i ʻike ʻia ʻo chagasic megacolon, i kū ma muli o nā liona i nā hopena nerve āpau i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi me ka protozoanʻO Trypanosoma cruzi, hoʻoili ʻia e ka nahu o ka ʻumiʻumi insect.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe o ka dilation a hoʻōki i ka hana ʻōpū i loaʻa i loko o ke ola.

• Cerebral palsy;
• ʻO ka neuropathy diabetic;
• Nā ʻeha o ke kuamoʻo;
• Nā maʻi Endocrinological e like me hypothyroidism, pheochromocytoma a i ʻole porphyria;
• Nā loli i nā electrolytes koko, e like me nā hemahema i ka potassium, sodium a me chlorine;
• Nā maʻi ʻōnaehana e like me scleroderma a i ʻole amyloidosis;
• Hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻōpū ʻōpū, e radiotherapy a i ʻole ischemia ʻōpū;
• Hoʻohana mau o nā lāʻau constipating, e like me anticholinergics a me anti-spasmodics, a i ʻole nā ​​laxatives;

Hiki i ka megacolon ke ʻano o ke ʻano hana, kahi i ʻike ʻole ʻia ai ke kumu kikoʻī, akā i hoʻomaka ʻia ma muli o ke kūpikipiki o ka ʻōpū o ke kino a mālama ʻole ʻia i ka manawa.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai: i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka megacolon i loaʻa, pono ka loiloi e kahi gastroenterologist a i ʻole coloproctologist, nāna e kālailai i ka moʻaukala a me nā hoʻokolohua kino, a kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua e like me x-ray o ka ʻōpū, opaque enema a, i nā manawa kānalua e like me i ke kumu o ka maʻi, biopsy ʻōpū, e ʻae ana i ka hōʻoia.

Pehea e mālama ai: hana ʻia ka lāʻau e ʻae ai i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o nā feces a me nā kinoea e ka ʻōpū, a, i ka wā mua, hiki ke hana ʻia me ke kōkua o nā laxatives, e like me Lactulose a i ʻole Bisacodyl, no ka laʻana, a me nā holoi ʻōpū, eia naʻe, aia nā ʻōuli. ikaika a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi iki ʻana, hoʻopau kahi coloproctologist i ka ʻoki ʻana ma ka ʻaoʻao o ka ʻōpū i hoʻopili ʻia.

3. ʻOka megacolon ʻona

Toxic megacolon kahi maʻi kūpilikiʻi a koʻikoʻi hoʻi o kekahi ʻano ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū, ma muli o ka maʻi o Crohn a i ʻole colitis ulcerative, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me kekahi ʻano colitis, ma muli paha o ka hoʻowalewale ʻana o ka ʻōpū, diverticulitis, ischemia ālai.

I ke ʻano o ka megacolon ʻona, aia kekahi dilation ikaika o ka ʻōpū i loaʻa kahi evolution wikiwiki a paʻakikī hoʻi i kumu e make ai ka make, ma muli o ka mumū nui e ulu ana i ka meaola. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli, e like me ke kuni ma luna o 38.5ºC, ka nui o ka puʻuwai ma mua o 120 mau kuʻikuʻi i kēlā me kēia minuke, ʻoi aku o nā hunaola keʻokeʻo i ke kahe o ke koko, anemia, dehydration, huikau noʻonoʻo, hoʻololi o nā electrolytes koko a hāʻule i ke kaomi koko.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai: ʻo ka hōʻoia o ka megacolon ʻona i hana ʻia e ka loiloi olakino ma o ke anamanaʻo o ka ʻōpū x-ray, e hōʻike ana i kahi ākea o ka ʻōpū i ʻoi aku ma mua o 6 cm ka laulā, ka hoʻokolokolo kino a me nā hōʻailona maʻi a me nā ʻōuli.

Pehea e mālama ai: mālama ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻōuli, ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā electrolytes o ke koko, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo a me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e hōʻemi ai i ka mumū o ka ʻōpū, e like me nā corticosteroids a me nā anti-inflammatories. Eia nō naʻe, inā mau ka ʻino o ka maʻi, hōʻike ʻia ke kaha ʻana no ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka ʻōpū nui, ma ke ʻano he ala e hoʻopau ai i ka nānā o ka mumū a ʻae i ka mea i hoʻopilikia e ola.