Pūnaehana Immune a me nā maʻi

Anter

• Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo
• He aha ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea?
• He aha nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea?
• Pehea e holo ai ka ʻōnaehana pale?
• He aha nā ʻano o ka pale ʻana?
• He aha ka mea e hewa ai ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea?

Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo

He aha ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea?

ʻO kāu ʻōnaehana pale pūnaewele kahi pūnaewele paʻakikī o nā hunaola, nāʻaʻaʻa, a me nā meaola. Kōkua pū lākou i ke kino e hakakā i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

Ke lele kaua i loko o kou kino nā ʻōpala e like me ka bacteria a i ʻole nā ​​virus paha, hoʻouka lākou a hoʻonui. Kāhea ʻia kēia he maʻi. Hoʻokumu ka maʻi i ka maʻi e maʻi ai ʻoe. Pale aku kāu ʻōnaehana pale pale iā ʻoe mai ka maʻi e ke kaua ʻana i nā grobia.

He aha nā ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea?

Nui nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ka ʻōnaehana pale, e like me

• ʻO kou ʻili, ka mea hiki ke pale i ke komo ʻana o nā mikrob i loko o ke kino
• ʻO nā membrane mucous, ʻo ia nā mākū, nā pale o loko o kekahi o nā ʻāpana a me nā ʻāpapa o ke kino. Hana lākou i ka mucus a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hei a hakakā i nā g germ.
• Nā keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo, kahi e hakakā ai i nā mikrob
• ʻO nā lālā a me nā aʻa o ka ʻōnaehana lymph, e like me ka thymus, spleen, tonsils, lymph node, lymph vessel, a me ka iwi iwi. Hana lākou, mālama, a hāpai i nā hunaola keʻokeʻo.

Pehea e holo ai ka ʻōnaehana pale?

Pale aku kāu ʻōnaehana pale pale i kou kino e kūʻē i nā mea i ʻike ʻia he weliweli a haole paha. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea antigens. ʻO lākou paha he mau mikrob e like me ka bacteria a me nā mea hoʻomaʻi. ʻO lākou paha nā kemika a i ʻole nā ​​mea make. Hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mau pūnaewele i hōʻino ʻia mai nā mea e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ka lā.

Ke ʻike ka ʻōnaehana pale ʻea i kahi antigen, hoʻouka ia iā ia. Kapa ʻia kēia he pane pale pale. ʻO ka ʻāpana o kēia pane e hana i nā antibodies. ʻO nā Antibodies nā protein e hana e hoʻouka, hoʻonāwaliwali, a hoʻopau i nā antigens. Hana pū kou kino i nā hunaola ʻē aʻe e kaua i ka antigen.

Ma hope, hoʻomanaʻo kāu ʻōnaehana pale maʻi i ka antigen. Inā ʻike hou ia i ka antigen, hiki iā ia ke ʻike iā ia. E hoʻouna koke aku ia i nā mea ʻino pono, no laila i ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole ʻoe e maʻi. Kāhea ʻia kēia pale ʻana i kekahi maʻi.

He aha nā ʻano o ka pale ʻana?

ʻEkolu ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka pale ʻana:

• ʻO ka palekana ʻole Innate ʻo ia ka pale āu i hānau ʻia ai. ʻO ka pale pale mua o kou kino. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā mea pale e like me ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous. Mālama lākou i nā mea ʻino mai ke komo ʻana i ke kino. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia kekahi mau pūnaewele a me nā kemika i hiki ke hoʻouka i nā mea haole.
• Pākuʻi hana, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka pale pale adaptive, ulu inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi a i ʻole lāʻau lāʻau kūʻē i kahi mea haole. ʻO ka palekana maʻamau ka lōʻihi mau. No nā maʻi he nui, hiki ke lōʻihi i kou ola holoʻokoʻa.
• Pākuʻi pale hala hiki ke loaʻa iā ʻoe nā lāʻau ʻino i kahi maʻi ma kahi o ka hana ʻana iā lākou ma o kāu ʻōnaehana pale pilikino. ʻO kahi laʻana, loaʻa nā pēpē pēpē i kā lākou makuahine. Hiki i nā kānaka ke loaʻa i ka pale passive ma o nā huahana koko e loaʻa ana nā mea pale. Hāʻawi kēia ʻano palekana iā ʻoe i ka pale koke. Akā mau wale nō i kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina.

He aha ka mea e hewa ai ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea?

I kekahi manawa loaʻa paha kahi pane pale pale i ke kanaka ʻoiai ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli maoli. Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia e like me nā maʻi āpau, hānō, a me nā maʻi autoimmune. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi autoimmune, hoʻouka hewa kāu ʻōnaehana pale i nā pūnaewele olakino i loko o kou kino.

Kūpono nā pilikia ʻōnaehana pale ʻē aʻe ke holo pono ʻole kāu ʻōnaehana pale. Hoʻopili kēia mau pilikia i nā maʻi pale maʻi. Inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi pale maʻi, maʻi pinepine pinepine ʻoe. Lōʻihi paha kāu mau maʻi a hiki ke ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi a paʻakikī hoʻi e mālama. ʻO nā maʻi genetika pinepine lākou.

Aia kekahi mau maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopili i kāu ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO kahi laʻana, he maʻi ʻo HIV e hoʻopōʻino i kou ʻōnaehana pale maʻi ma ka luku ʻana i kou mau keʻokeʻo koko. Inā mālama ʻole ʻia ʻo HIV, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi iā AIDS (loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi immunodeficiency). Ua hōʻinoʻino ka poʻe me ka maʻi AIDS i nā ʻōnaehana pale. Loaʻa lākou i ka nui o nā maʻi nui.