ʻO ke kakini haumia: 12 mau meaʻai e kiʻekiʻe i nā pesticides

Anter

• He aha ka papa inoa kakini kakini?
• ʻO ka papa inoa meaʻai kolohe ʻumikūmālua makahiki 2018
• Hanaʻino nā Pesticides i kā mākou lako meaʻai?
• Hana paha nā Organic i nā Pesticides?
• Pono ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā ʻano maʻamau o nā meaʻai ʻino mau kino?
• Nā ala e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻike pesticide mai nā meaʻai
• Ka Laina Lalo

Ua ulu nui ka noi no nā huaʻai meaola i nā makahiki he 20 i hala.

Ua hoʻolilo nā ʻAmelika i 26 miliona mau kālā ma nā huahana meaola i ka makahiki 2010 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i hoʻokahi biliona wale nō i ka makahiki 1990 ().

ʻO kekahi o nā mea e hopohopo nui nei e kalaiwa ʻana i ka ʻai o ka meaola he hōʻike pesticide.

I kēlā me kēia makahiki, hoʻokuʻu ka Environmental Working Group (EWG) i ka Dirty Dozen ™ - kahi papa inoa o nā huaʻai a me nā mea ulu ʻole he 12 i kiʻekiʻe loa i nā koena pesticide.

Ke papa nei kēia ʻatikala i nā meaʻai Dirty Dozen hou loa, hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo mai ka fiction inā pili i ka hoʻohana pesticide a wehewehe i nā ala maʻalahi e hōʻemi i ka pesticides.

He aha ka papa inoa kakini kakini?

He hui waiwai ʻole ka Environmental Working Group (EWG) e kia ana i ke aʻo ʻana i ka lehulehu i nā pilikia e like me nā hana mahiʻai, ka pale ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe a me ka hopena o nā kemika i ke olakino kanaka (2).

Mai ka 1995, ua hoʻokuʻu ka EWG i ka Dirty Dozen - kahi papa inoa o nā hua a me nā mea kanu i ulu pinepine ʻia me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā koena pesticide.

ʻO nā pesticides nā mea i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka mahiʻai e pale ai i nā mea kanu mai nā pōʻino i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea kolo, kaomi mauʻu a me nā maʻi.

E hōʻuluʻulu i ka papa inoa Dirty Dozen, kālailai ka EWG ma kahi o 38,000 mau laʻana i lawe ʻia e USDA a me FDA e hoʻokaʻawale i nā lawehala i ʻoi loa (3).

Hoʻohana ka EWG i ʻeono ana e hoʻoholo ai i ka pesticide haumia o nā hua (3):

• ʻO ka pākēneka o nā laʻana i hoʻāʻo ʻia me nā pesticides hiki ke ʻike ʻia
• Ka pākēneka o nā laʻana me ʻelua a ʻoi paha pesticides
• Loaʻa ka helu awelika o nā pesticides ma kahi laʻana hoʻokahi
• Loaʻa ka awelika o nā pesticides i ana ʻia i nā ʻāpana no ka miliona
• Loaʻa ka nui o nā pesticides ma kahi laʻana
• Huina nui o nā pesticides i loaʻa ma ka hua

Hōʻike ka EWG i kēia ʻano hana "hōʻike i nā kaumaha pesticide āpau o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu maʻamau" (3).

ʻOiai e ʻōlelo ana ʻo EWG hiki i kēia papa inoa ke kōkua i ka poʻe kūʻai aku e hōʻole i ka pesticide pono ʻole, ua ʻōlelo kekahi mau loea - me nā ʻepekema meaʻai - ke makaʻu nei ka papa inoa i ka lehulehu mai ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai maikaʻi.

Hoʻonohonoho paʻa ʻia nā pesticides e ka USDA, a hōʻike nā hōʻike hou i nā pae pesticide i loaʻa ma 99.5% o nā huahana maʻamau aia ma lalo o nā ʻōlelo i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Environmental Protection Agency (4).

Mālama ka USDA Pesticide Data Program i ka lako o ka meaʻai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa "ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea palekana loa o ka honua," ma muli o nā ʻano hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi (4).

Eia nō naʻe, hoʻopaʻapaʻa ka poʻe loea he nui i ka hoʻomau mau ʻana i nā pesticides - ʻoiai i nā kau liʻiliʻi - hiki ke kūkulu i loko o kou kino i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa a alakaʻi i nā kūlana olakino mau.

Hoʻohui ʻia, aia ka hopohopo no nā palena palekana i kau ʻia e nā ʻoihana hoʻoponopono ʻaʻole e noʻonoʻo i nā pilikia olakino e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi pesticide i ka manawa.

No kēia mau kumu, ua hana ka EWG i ka papa inoa Dirty Dozen ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi no ka poʻe e makemake ana e kaupalena i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka pesticide no lākou iho a me ko lākou ʻohana.

ʻO ka Dirty Dozen kahi papa inoa o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu me ka pae kiʻekiʻe o nā koena pesticide i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Environmental Working Group (EWG) e aʻo i ka lehulehu i ka palekana o ka meaʻai.

ʻO ka papa inoa meaʻai kolohe ʻumikūmālua makahiki 2018

Wahi a ka EWG, ʻo nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu maʻamau i loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā koena pesticide (5):

1. ʻO Strawberries: ʻO nā strawberry maʻamau i luna mau o ka papa inoa Dirty Dozen. I ka makahiki 2018, ua loaʻa i ka EWG kahi hapakolu o nā laʻana strawberry i loaʻa nā koena pesticide he ʻumi a ʻoi paha.
2. Spinach: 97% o nā laʻana spinach i loaʻa nā koena pesticide, me permethrin, kahi insecticide neurotoxic i mea ʻona nui i nā holoholona ().
3. Nectarines: Ua ʻike ka EWG i nā koena i aneane 94% o nā laʻana nectarine, me hoʻokahi hāpana i loaʻa ma kahi o 15 mau koena pesticide ʻokoʻa.
4. Mele: Ua ʻike ka EWG i nā koena pesticide ma 90% o nā laʻana ʻōpala. ʻO ka mea hou aku, 80% o nā ʻōpela i hoʻāʻo ʻia i loaʻa nā laha o diphenylamine, kahi pesticide i pāpā ʻia ma ʻEulopa (7).
5. Hua waina: ʻO nā hua waina maʻamau he mea nui ia ma ka papa inoa Dirty Dozen, me ka ʻoi aku ma mua o 96% e hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ana no nā koena pesticide.
6. Peach: Ma luna o 99% o nā peach i hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka EWG i loaʻa ka awelika o nā koena pesticide ʻehā.
7. Cherry: Ua ʻike ka EWG i ka awelika o nā koena pesticide ʻelima ma nā laʻana cherry, me kahi pesticide i kapa ʻia ʻo iprodione, i pāpā ʻia ma ʻEulopa (8).
8. Nā Momi: Ma luna o 50% o nā pears e hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka EWG i loaʻa nā koena mai ʻelima a ʻoi paha pesticides.
9. ʻO Tomato: ʻEhā koena pesticide i loaʻa ma ka kōmato ulu nui. Hoʻokahi laʻana i loko o 15 mau koena pesticide ʻokoʻa.
10. Seleri: Ua loaʻa nā koena pesticide ma luna o 95% o nā laʻana seleri. Ua ʻike ʻia he 13 mau ʻano pesticides like ʻole.
11. ʻUala: Loaʻa i nā laʻana ʻuala nā koena pesticide i ke kaupaona ma mua o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe i hoʻāʻo ʻia. ʻO Chlorpropham, kahi lāʻau make, hana i ka hapa nui o nā pesticides i ʻike ʻia.
12. Nā pepa bele momona: Aia i loko o nā pepelu bele momona nā koena pesticide i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā hua a me nā mea kanu. Eia naʻe, akahele ka EWG i nā lāʻau pesticides i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā pepelu bele momona "e lilo i mea ʻona i ke olakino kanaka."

Ma waho aʻe o ka Dirty Dozen kuʻuna, hoʻokuʻu ʻo EWG i kahi papa inoa Dirty Dozen Plus i loaʻa he 36 mau huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i loaʻa nā kiʻekiʻe o nā koena pesticide, e like me nā peppers wela, nā tōmato cherry, nā peas snap a me nā blueberry.

ʻO Strawberry ka papa inoa o ka papa inoa Dirty Dozen 2018, a ukali ʻia e ka spinach a me nā nectarines. Aia kekahi mau meaʻai ma ka papa inoa i nā pesticides he nui, me nā mea i pāpā ʻia ma ʻEulopa.

Hanaʻino nā Pesticides i kā mākou lako meaʻai?

Aia nā manaʻo hakakā e pili ana i ka palekana o ka hoʻohana pesticide i nā huahana.

ʻOiai ʻo nā pesticides i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea kanu i kāohi paʻa ʻia a mālama pono ʻia ma lalo o nā palena ʻino, aia ka hopohopo no ka ʻike pinepine ʻana o kēia mau mea i ke olakino.

Ua pili kekahi mau noiʻi i ka hopena o ka pesticide i nā hopena olakino maikaʻi ʻole, e like me nā pilikia hanu, nā pilikia hānau, ka hoʻohiamoe ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana endocrine, nā ʻino neurological a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka makaʻi o kekahi mau maʻi maʻi maʻi ().

Manaʻo ʻia nā keiki ma kahi makaʻu nui aʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka pesticide toxicity ma mua o nā mākua ma muli o kā lākou nui liʻiliʻi, hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o kekahi mau enzymes detoxifying a me ka ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ulu ʻana o ka lolo i nā pesticides neurotoxic ().

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi i hānau ʻia nā keiki i hānau ʻia e nā makuahine me ka hōʻike pesticide kiʻekiʻe i nā lohi noʻonoʻo a hiki i ʻelua mau makahiki, e like me nā deficit i ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana o ka ʻike.

Hoʻopili pū ʻia ka wā kamaliʻi i nā pesticides i ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana iā ADHD ().

Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ʻē aʻe e pili ana nā wahine hāpai e noho kokoke ana i ka ʻāina mahiʻai kahi i pīpī ʻia ai nā pesticides organophosphate, pyrethroid a i ʻole carbamate paha i loaʻa i nā keiki me ka maʻi autism a i ʻole autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) ().

Eia kekahi, ua ʻike ʻia nā mahiʻai i hoʻohana i kekahi mau pesticides i kā lākou mea kanu i loaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻena ʻoi loa o ka momona a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai kolona ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka heluna lehulehu ().

E pili ana i nā pae pesticide i loko o ke kino, hōʻike ka noiʻi i ke kuapo ʻana i nā huahana maʻamau me nā mana ʻokanika e hoʻoliʻiliʻi a hoʻopau loa paha i nā pae urinary o nā pesticides maʻamau ().

Maopopo he pili nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka pesticide i nā hopena olakino maikaʻi ʻole.

Eia nō naʻe, ka hapanui o nā noiʻi i loaʻa e nānā i ka poʻe e hana pololei me nā pesticides i kēlā me kēia lā, e like me nā limahana mahiʻai, ma kahi o ka lehulehu.

Maopopo he mea weliweli ke kū ʻana i nā lāʻau kiʻekiʻe o nā pesticides. Eia nō naʻe, pono hou ʻia kahi noiʻi hou inā hoʻoholo inā lōʻihi ka lōʻihi o nā pesticides i loaʻa i ka meaʻai e hōʻino i ke olakino.

Hana paha nā Organic i nā Pesticides?

ʻOiai ʻokoʻa nā kūlana no ka mahi ʻana i nā meaola i nā hana mahiʻai maʻamau, ʻae ʻia nā mahiʻai meaola e hoʻohana i kekahi mau pesticides i ʻae ʻia i kā lākou mea kanu.

Hilinaʻi nui nā mahiʻai meaola i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā mea kanu, ka pale ʻana i nā mea kanu meaola a me nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe e pale aku i nā mea kanu.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā pesticides organic, e like me keleawe, rotenone a me spinosad i ka mahiʻai meaola (17).

ʻĀpono ʻia nā pesticides 25 kūlohelohe no ka hoʻohana kūlohelohe me ka 900 nui loa i ʻae ʻia e hoʻohana i nā mea kanu maʻamau (18).

E like me nā pesticides i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mahiʻai maʻamau, hoʻoponopono paʻa ʻia nā pesticides organik no ka palekana akā hiki ke hōʻeha i ke olakino ma nā kaupaona kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka hana ʻana i ka rotenone pesticide organic me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka pilikia o ka maʻi o Parkinson ().

Minamina, ʻo nā loiloi wā lōʻihi e nānā ana i nā pilikia o ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu kūlike ʻole me nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i ka lehulehu.

Inā koho ʻoe i nā meaʻai meaola no nā kumu kaiapuni i kū ʻole i nā kumu olakino, kākoʻo nā noiʻi i ka liʻiliʻi o ka hopena o ke kaiapuni ma mua o ka mahiʻai maʻamau.

Hoʻoemi nā hana mahiʻai nā meaola i ke kūpale ʻana o ke kalapona, paipai i nā meaolaola a pale i ka lepo a me ka wai lepo (20).

Hiki i nā pesticides i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mahiʻai maʻamau a meaola ke hōʻino i ke olakino ma nā kau kiʻekiʻe.

Pono ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā ʻano maʻamau o nā meaʻai ʻino mau kino?

Koho ka poʻe he nui i nā huahana meaola me ka manaʻolana e hōʻemi i ko lākou ʻike i nā pesticides.

Pono nā hōʻike hou aʻe mai nā noiʻi noiʻi e hoʻoholo inā ʻoi aku ka olakino o ka papaʻai olakino ma mua o ka papaʻai i loko o nā hua ulu ulu.

No ka poʻe me ka hiki ke kūʻai i nā mana kūlohelohe o nā huahana pesticide kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻohana ana i kēia hana e hopena paha i ka hopena o ka hopena i nā pesticides.

Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole loaʻa wale nā ​​pesticides i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā mea kanu e like me nā hua palaoa, a me nā lawn, nā māla pua a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea kolo (,).

Ma muli o ka palahalaha loa o nā pesticides, ʻo ka hana ʻoi loa e hōʻemi ai i kāu hōʻike ʻana e koho i nā meaʻai meaola ke hiki a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka mālama ʻana i ka māla hoʻomau a me nā hana kipaku insect.

No ka mea ʻoi aku ka pipiʻi o nā huahana meaola ma mua o nā huahana maʻamau, hiki i ka mea paʻakikī ke loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui.

Mai hopohopo inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i nā mana kūlohelohe o ka Dirty Dozen.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i ka hopena o ka koena pesticide ma nā huahana, a aia kekahi ala e hōʻemi ai i kēia koena.

ʻOiai ʻo nā mana kūmole o ka Dirty Dozen kahi paha i loaʻa nā koena pesticide liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu maʻamau ka palekana.

Nā ala e hōʻemi ai i ka hōʻike pesticide mai nā meaʻai

ʻO nā mea aʻe maʻalahi, palekana a me nā mana hana hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana e hōʻemi i nā koena pesticide ma nā huahana.

• E ʻānai iā lākou i ka wai anuanu: Holoi i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu i ka wai anuanu ʻoiai e ʻānai iā lākou me kahi palaki palupalu hiki ke hemo i kahi koena pesticide ().
• Hoʻomoʻa i ka wai koka: Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi i ka holoi ʻana i nā ʻomela me kahi soda baking 1% a me ka wai wai i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i nā koena pesticide ma mua o ka wai paila wale nō ().
• Nā hua Peel a me nā mea kanu: ʻO ka hemo ʻana i ka ʻili o nā hua momona a me nā mea kanu hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ka lawe ʻana o nā koena pesticide ().
• Blanching: I hoʻokahi hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā huahana blanching (e hōʻike ana i ka paila, a laila anuanu, wai) alakaʻi i kahi ʻoi aku ma mua o 50% ka hōʻemi ʻana o nā koena pesticide i nā mea kanu a me nā hua ʻokoʻa a koe nā peach ().
• Paila: Ua ʻike ʻia kahi noiʻi ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka nui o nā koena pesticide me nā hoʻoliʻiliʻi o 42.8-92.9% ().
• E holoi i ka huahana me ka wai ozonated: ʻO ka wai ozonated (ka wai i kāwili ʻia me kekahi ʻano oxygen i kapa ʻia he ʻozone) i ʻike ʻia me ka maikaʻi loa i ka lawe ʻana i nā koena pesticide mai ka meaʻai (,).

Ke hoʻohana nei i kekahi o nā hana i hōʻike ʻia ma luna i hiki ke hōʻemi nui i nā koena pesticide ma nā huahana hou.

ʻO ka pala ʻana i ka wai ma lalo o ka wai anuanu, ka holoi ʻana me kahi wai soda a i ʻole ka ʻili ʻana he ala maikaʻi loa ia e hōʻemi ai i nā koena pesticide ma nā hua a me nā mea kanu.

Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka papa inoa Dirty Dozen e hōʻike i ka poʻe kūʻai i nā huaʻai a me nā huaʻai i loaʻa ka nui o nā koena pesticide.

ʻOiai hiki ke kōkua i kēia papa inoa no ka poʻe e hopohopo e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka pesticide i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole maopopo akā pehea kou hopohopo e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i nā koena pesticide i ka mua.

No ka poʻe makemake e kuhi hewa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke akahele, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā mana kūlohelohe o nā meaʻai Dirty Dozen.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole maopopo iki ka hopena o nā pesticides i ke olakino, ua hoʻokumu paʻa ʻia ka mea nui o ka ʻai ʻana i nā hua a me nā mea kanu no ke olakino.

No laila, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e kaupalena i kāu ʻai ma muli o ka hoʻohana wale ʻana i ka pesticide.