Pono wau e hoʻohana i nā Pila Diabetes a i ʻole Insulin?

Anter

• He aha nā pila e hiki ke mālama i ka maʻi diabetes?
• ʻO Biguanides
• Sulfonylureas
• ʻO Meglitinides
• ʻO Thiazolidinediones
• Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) nā mea kūpale
• Nā mea kāpae Alpha-glucosidase
• Nā mea kāohi ʻo Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)
• Pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka insulina e mālama ai i ka maʻi diabetes?
• Syringe
• Pen
• Mea hoʻouka jet
• Insulin infuser a i ʻole awa
• Pahu Insulina
• Nā maʻi diabetes a me ka insulin
• Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka

I Mei 2020, ua paipai ʻia i kekahi mau mea hana o metformin hoʻolōʻihi hoʻokuʻu ʻia e kāpae i kekahi o kā lākou papa mai ka mākeke U.S. ʻO kēia no ka mea he pae i ʻae ʻole ʻia o kahi carcinogen probable (ʻākena e hana ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai) i loaʻa i kekahi mau papa metformin hoʻolōʻihi ʻia. Inā lawe ʻoe i kēia lāʻau i kēia manawa, e kāhea i kāu kauka. E ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lākou inā ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau a i ʻole inā makemake ʻoe i kahi palapala hou.

Hoʻopilikia ka maʻi diabetes i ke ala e hoʻohana ai kou kino i ka glucose. Pili ka mālama ʻana i kāu ʻano maʻi diabetes.

I ka ʻano diabetes 1, hoʻōki kāu pancreas i ka hana ʻana i ka insulin - kahi hormone e kōkua ai i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka glucose, a i ʻole ke kō, i loko o kou koko. Hoʻomaka ka maʻi diabetes 2 me ke kūpaʻa o ka insulin. ʻAʻole hana hou kāu pancreas i ka nui o ka insulina a hoʻohana ʻole paha iā ia me ka maikaʻi.

Hoʻohana kēlā me kēia cell i kou glucose i ka ikehu. Inā ʻaʻole hana ka insulin i kāna hana, kūkulu ka glucose i loko o kou koko. ʻO kēia ke kumu o kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo hyperglycemia. Kapa ʻia ka glucose koko haʻahaʻa he hypoglycemia. Hiki i nā mea ʻelua ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.

He aha nā pila e hiki ke mālama i ka maʻi diabetes?

Hiki i nā pila like ʻole ke mālama i ka maʻi diabetes, akā ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i nā mea āpau. Hana wale lākou inā hana mau kāu pancreas i kekahi insulin, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke mālama i ka maʻi diabetes type 1. ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā pila i nā poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ke pau ka pancreas i ka hana ʻana i ka insulin.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes type 2 ke pōmaikaʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau a me ka insulin. ʻO kekahi mau pila e mālama i ka maʻi diabetes:

ʻO Biguanides

ʻO Metformin (Glucophage, Fortamet, Riomet, Glumetza) kahi mea nui. Hoʻoiho ia i ka nui o ka glucose i hana ʻia e kou akepaʻa a hoʻonui i ka ʻike o ka insulin. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i nā pae kolesterol a kōkua paha iā ʻoe e lilo i kahi kaupaona.

Lawe maʻamau ka poʻe iā ia i ʻelua mau manawa i kēlā me kēia lā me ka ʻai. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka mana hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi i kēlā me kēia lā.

Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i:

• hoʻohuhū ʻōpū
• nausea
• ʻōhūhū
• ʻenekini
• pāhoehoe
• nalo kūlohelohe

Hiki iā ia ke kumu i ka lactic acidosis, he laha ʻole akā koʻikoʻi.

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka inā hopohopo ʻoe e pili ana i nā hopena no nā lāʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia no ka maʻi kō.

Sulfonylureas

ʻO Sulfonylureas nā lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki e kōkua i ka pancreas e hoʻokuʻu i ka insulin ma hope o ka ʻai. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• glimepiride (Amaryl)
• glyburide (Diabeta, Glynase PresTabs)
• glipizide (Glucotrol)

Lawe pinepine ka poʻe i kēia mau lāʻau i hoʻokahi lā i ka lā me kahi pāʻina.

Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i:

• nausea
• pāhoehoe
• ʻeha poʻo
• ʻūpā
• ukiuki
• glucose koko haʻahaʻa
• hoʻohuhū ʻōpū
• ʻāwīwī o ka ʻili
• loaʻa kaupaona

ʻO Meglitinides

ʻO Repaglinide (Prandin) a me Nateglinide (Starlix) nā meglitinides. Hoʻoulu koke ʻo Meglitinides i ka pancreas e hoʻokuʻu i ka insulin ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana. E lawe mau ʻoe i repaglinide me kahi pāʻina.

Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i:

• glucose koko haʻahaʻa
• nausea
• ka luaʻi
• ʻeha poʻo
• loaʻa kaupaona

ʻO Thiazolidinediones

ʻO Rosiglitazone (Avandia) a me pioglitazone (Actos) nā thiazolidinediones. Lawe ʻia i ka manawa like i kēlā me kēia lā, hana lākou i kou kino i maʻalahi i ka insulin. E hoʻonui paha ia i kāu HDL (maikaʻi) cholesterol.

Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i:

• ʻeha poʻo
• ʻeha ʻeha
• eha ka 'ā'ī
• paʻa wai
• pehu
• haki

Hoʻonui pū kēia mau lāʻau i kou makaʻi o ka puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole ʻole ka puʻuwai, keu hoʻi inā ʻoe i ka makaʻu.

Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP-4) nā mea kūpale

Kōkua nā mea hoʻopale DPP-4 i ka paʻa o nā pae o ka insulin a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka nui o ka glucose i hana ʻia e kou kino Lawe ka poʻe iā lākou i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā.

Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• linagliptin (Tradjenta)
• saxagliptin (Onglyza)
• sitagliptin (Januvia)
• alogliptin (Nesina)

Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i:

• eha ka 'ā'ī
• ihu ihu
• ʻeha poʻo
• maʻi maʻi maʻi luna o luna
• hoʻohuhū ʻōpū
• pāhoehoe

Nā mea kāpae Alpha-glucosidase

ʻO Acarbose (Precose) a me miglitol (Glyset) nā mea pāpā alpha-glucosidase. Lohi lākou i ka haki ʻana o nā haʻuki i ke kahe o ke koko. Lawe ka poʻe iā lākou i ka hoʻomaka o ka papa ʻaina.

Loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe i:

• hoʻohuhū ʻōpū
• ʻenekini
• pāhoehoe
• abdominal eha

Nā mea kāohi ʻo Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2)

Hana ka mea pāpā ʻo SGLT2 i ka hoʻōki ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa mai ka reabsorbing glucose. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko a kōkua iā ʻoe e lilo i ka paona.

Hoʻohui ʻia kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau i hoʻokahi pil.

Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• canagliflozin (Invokana)
• dapagliflozin (Farxiga)
• empagliflozin (Jardiance)
• ertuglifozin (Steglatro)

Hiki ke hoʻopili i nā hopena ʻē aʻe:

• maʻi maʻi urinary tract
• nā maʻi hū
• make wai
• ʻeha poʻo
• eha ka 'ā'ī

Pehea e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka insulina e mālama ai i ka maʻi diabetes?

Pono ʻoe i ka insulin e ola ai. Inā loaʻa kāu ʻano diabetes 1, pono ʻoe e ʻai i ka insulin i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono ʻoe e lawe iā ia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka ʻano diabetes he ʻano ʻelua a ʻaʻole lawa ka hana a kou kino ponoʻī.

Loaʻa ka insulin wikiwiki a lōʻihi paha. Maliʻa paha pono ʻoe i nā ʻano ʻelua e mālama i kāu glucose koko i lalo o ka kaohi.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka insulin i kekahi mau ala:

Syringe

Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i nā inikua e hoʻohana ana i ka nila kuʻuna a me ka syringe ma ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka insulina i loko o ka syringe. A laila, hoʻopili ʻoe iā ia ma lalo o kou ʻili, ke kaʻa nei i ka pūnaewele i kēlā me kēia manawa.

Pen

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā peni insulina ma mua o ka nila kuʻuna. Prefilled lākou a emi i ka ʻeha e hoʻohana ma mua o kahi nila kuʻuna.

Mea hoʻouka jet

ʻO ka inikua jet jet mea like me ka peni. Hoʻouna ia i kahi ehuehu o ka insulin i loko o kou ʻili e hoʻohana ana i ka ea kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o kahi nila.

Insulin infuser a i ʻole awa

ʻO kahi infuser a awa paha kahi pahu liʻiliʻi āu e hoʻokomo ai ma lalo o kou ʻili, i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka mea hoʻopili a me ka lole, kahi e noho ai ia no kekahi mau lā. He koho maikaʻi inā makemake ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā nila. Hoʻokomo ʻoe i ka insulin i loko o ka paipu ma kahi o kou ʻili.

Pahu Insulina

ʻO ka pauma insulin he mea liʻiliʻi, māmā ia e hoʻokomo ai ʻoe ma kāu kāʻei a i loko o kāu ʻeke. Komo ka insulin i loko o ka hue i loko o kou kino ma o ka nila liʻiliʻi ma lalo o kou ʻili. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolālā iā ia e hāʻawi i kahi piʻi o ka insulin a i ʻole ka lāʻau kūmau i ka lā holoʻokoʻa.

Nā maʻi diabetes a me ka insulin

ʻAʻole ia he hihia o nā pila a i ʻole ka insulin. E hana ana kāu kauka i kahi ʻōlelo koi e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka maʻi diabetes āu, pehea ka lōʻihi o kāu loaʻa ʻana, a pehea ka nui o ka insulin āu e hana maʻamau nei.

Maʻalahi paha ka lawe ʻana o nā pila ma mua o ka insulin, akā hele mai kēlā me kēia ʻano me nā hopena ʻē aʻe. E hoʻāʻo iki paha i kahi hoʻāʻo a loaʻa i kahi mea kūpono loa iā ʻoe. Hiki i nā pila ke ho'ōki i ka hana inā paha ua maikaʻi lākou no kekahi manawa.

Inā ʻoe e hoʻomaka me nā huaale wale nō a piʻi a maʻi kou ʻano 2, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻohana pū i ka insulin.

Loaʻa nā pilikia i ka insulin. Hiki i ka nui a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi ke kumu i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Pono ʻoe e aʻo pehea e nānā ai i kāu maʻi diabetes a hana i nā hoʻoponopono e pono ai.

Nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi diabetes 1 a inā pono ʻoe e lawe i ka insulin, ʻike mua ʻoe e nānā pono ʻoe i kāu pae glucose glucose a hoʻoponopono pono i kāu insulin e like me.

E nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole o ka lawe ʻana i ka insulin a e ʻike pono e hōʻike i nā puʻupuʻu, nā puʻupuʻu, a me nā huehue i kou ʻili i kāu kauka.

Inā kēnā kauka i kāu pila, eia kekahi mau nīnau āu e makemake ai e nīnau.

• He aha ke kumu o kēia lāʻau?
• Pehea wau e mālama ai?
• Pehea wau e lawe ai?
• He aha nā hopena i hiki a hiki ke hana ʻia e pili ana iā lākou?
• Ehia mau manawa e pono ai wau e nānā i kaʻu mau pae glucose?
• Pehea wau e ʻike ai inā e holo nei ka lāʻau?

ʻO kēia mau lāʻau i lilo i ʻāpana o kahi papa hana maʻamau e hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻoikaika kino a me nā koho papaʻai pono.