ʻO Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka AML?
• He aha ke kumu o AML?
• He aha ka mea e hoʻāla ai i kou makaʻu o AML?
• Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka AML?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka AML?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau no ka AML?
• Hoʻopau hou hoʻokomo
• Hoʻolaʻa hoʻohui
• He aha ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i ka wā lōʻihi no ka poʻe me AML?
• Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale iā AML?

He aha ka leukemia myeloid koʻikoʻi (AML)?

ʻO ka leukemia myeloid ākea (AML) kahi maʻi ʻaʻai e kū i kou koko a me ka iwi iwi.

Hoʻopili kikoʻī ʻo AML i nā hunaola keʻokeʻo (WBCs) o kou kino, e hana ana i nā mea maʻamau ʻole. I nā maʻi ʻaʻai koʻikoʻi, ulu wikiwiki ka helu o nā hunaola ʻino.

ʻIke ʻia ke ʻano e nā inoa aʻe:

• leukemia myelocytic huʻi
• leukemia myelogenous huehue
• leukemia granulocytic huʻi
• leukemia non-lymphocytic huikau

Kuhi ʻia he 19,520 mau hihia hou o ka AML i kēlā me kēia makahiki i United States, e like me ka National Cancer Institute (NCI).

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka AML?

I kona wā mua, e like paha nā ʻōuli o AML me ka maʻi flu a loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ke kuni a me ka luhi.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili pū me:

• ʻeha iwi
• ihu ihu pinepine
• nā kahe koko a me ka huehue
• paopao maʻalahi
• sweating nui (keu hoʻi i ka pō)
• pokole o ka hanu
• lilo kaumaha maopopo ʻole
• ʻoi aku ke kaumaha ma mua o nā wā maʻamau o nā wahine

He aha ke kumu o AML?

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka AML e nā mea maʻamau ʻole i ka DNA e kāohi i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā hunaola i loko o kou iwi iwi.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka AML, hana ka iwi iwi ou i nā WBC lehulehu ʻole. Ua lilo kēia mau hunaola ʻē aʻe i mau WBC leukemika i kapa ʻia ʻo myeloblasts.

Kūkulu kēia mau pūnaewele ʻokoʻa a hoʻololi i nā hunaola olakino. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka iwi o kou iwi i ka hana kūpono ʻana, e maʻalahi ai i kou kino i nā maʻi.

ʻAʻole maopopo maopopo ke kumu o ka hoʻololi ʻana o DNA. Manaʻo kekahi mau kauka he pili paha ia i ka hōʻike ʻana i kekahi mau kemika, pāhawewe, a me nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka chemotherapy.

He aha ka mea e hoʻāla ai i kou makaʻu o AML?

Hoʻonui ka nui o kāu pilikia i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka AML me ka makahiki. ʻO ka makahiki waena no ke kanaka i ʻike ʻia me ka AML ma kahi o 68, a ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia ke ʻano i nā keiki.

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o ka AML i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine, ʻoiai e pili ana i nā keikikāne a me nā kaikamahine ma ka helu like.

Manaʻo ʻia ka puhipaka ʻana e hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka hoʻomōhala ʻana iā AML. Inā ʻoe e hana i kahi ʻoihana kahi i ʻike ʻia ai ʻoe i nā kemika e like me benzene, ʻoi aku nō ʻoe i ka makaʻu nui aʻe.

Piʻi pū ʻia kou makaʻu inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi maʻi koko e like me myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) a i ʻole kahi maʻi maʻi e like me Down Syndrome.

ʻAʻole kēia mau kumu pilikia e hoʻomohala iā ʻoe i ka AML. I ka manawa like, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomohala i ka AML me ka ʻole o kekahi o kēia mau ʻano pilikia.

Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka AML?

Aia ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho honua o ka World Health Organization (WHO) i kēia mau hui AML ʻokoʻa:

• AML me nā ʻano kūlohelohe hou ʻole, e like me nā loli chromosomal
• AML me nā loli pili myelodysplasia
• nā neoplasms myeloid e pili ana i ka lāʻau, i kumu ʻia e radiation a chemotherapy paha
• AML, ʻaʻole i kuhikuhi ʻia ma kekahi ʻano ʻē
• myeloid sarcoma
• hoʻonui ka myeloid o Down Syndrome
• leukemia koʻikoʻi o ka moʻokūʻauhau kānalua

Aia nā Subtypes o AML i loko o kēia mau pūʻulu. Hōʻike paha nā inoa o kēia mau subtypes i ka loli chromosomal a i ʻole ka hoʻololi kūʻē i hoʻokumu i ka AML.

ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona e like me AML me t (8; 21), kahi e loli ai ma waena o nā chromosome 8 a me 21.

ʻAʻole like me ka nui o nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka AML i nā pae ʻōiwi ʻōiwi.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka AML?

E hana ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nānā i ka pehu ʻana o kou ake, nā lymph node, a me ka palu. Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua koko e nānā no ka anemia a e hoʻoholo i kāu pae WBC.

ʻOiai ke kōkua o kahi hoʻokolohua koko i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa kahi pilikia, pono ka hōʻoia o ka iwi iwi a biopsy paha e hōʻoia pono i ka AML.

Lawe ʻia kahi laʻana o ka iwi iwi ma ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi nila lōʻihi i loko o kou iwi iwi. I kekahi manawa ʻo ka umauma ka pūnaewele o ka biopsy. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi laʻana i kahi lab no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke hana i ke kuamoʻo o ka iwi kuamoʻo, a i ʻole ke kuʻi lumbar, e pili ana i ka hemo ʻana i ka wai mai kou iwikuamoʻo me kahi nila liʻiliʻi. Nānā ʻia ka wai a hiki i ke alo o nā huna leukemia.

He aha nā koho lapaʻau no ka AML?

Hoʻopili ka mālama ʻana no ka AML i ʻelua mau hanana:

Hoʻopau hou hoʻokomo

Hoʻohana ka remission induction therapy i ka chemotherapy e pepehi i nā huna leukemia e kū nei i kou kino.

Noho ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka haukapila i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka mea make pū kekahi chemotherapy i nā keola olakino, e hāpai ana i kou makaʻi no ka maʻi a me ke kahe koko ʻole.

I kahi ʻano laha ʻole o ka AML i kapa ʻia ʻo leukemia promyelocytic huikau (APL), hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau anticancer e like me arsenic trioxide a i ʻole all-trans retinoic acid e māka i nā hoʻololi kikoʻī i nā leukemia. Pepehi kēia mau lāʻau i nā hunaola leukemia a kāpae i nā hunaola maikaʻi ʻole mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana.

Hoʻolaʻa hoʻohui

ʻO ka consolidation therapy, kahi mea i ʻike ʻia ma hope o ke kala ʻia ʻana, he mea nui ia no ka mālama ʻana iā AML i ke kala ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i kahi hoʻi hou. ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka consolidation therapy ka mea e luku i nā huna leukemia ʻē aʻe i koe.

Koi paha ʻoe i kahi transplant cell stem no ka consolidation therapy. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā hunaola koʻokoʻo e kōkua i kou kino e hoʻohua i nā huna iwi iwi hou a olakino hoʻi.

Hiki mai nā aʻa koʻokoʻo mai kahi mea hāʻawi. Inā ua loaʻa mua ʻoe i ka leukemia i loko o ke kala ʻana, ua lawe aku paha kāu kauka a mālama i kekahi o kāu mau huna pū huna ponoʻī no kahi transplant e hiki mai ana, i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he transplant cell autologous cell cell.

ʻOi aku ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pūnaewele koʻokoʻo mai ka mea hāʻawi mai ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi transplant i hana ʻia e kāu mau puʻukū iho. ʻO kahi transplanto o kāu mau huna iho ponoʻī, akā, pili i ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka hoʻi hou ʻana no ka mea aia kekahi mau leukemia leukemia i loko o kahi hāpana i lawe ʻia mai kou kino.

He aha ka mea i manaʻo ʻia i ka wā lōʻihi no ka poʻe me AML?

Ke hiki mai i ka hapa nui o nā ʻano AML, ma kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o ka poʻe i hiki ke hoʻokō i ke kala ʻana, e like me ka American Cancer Society (ACS).

Piʻi ka pae kala i aneane 90 pākēneka no ka poʻe me APL. E hilinaʻi ke kala ʻana i nā kumu like ʻole, e like me ka makahiki o ke kanaka.

ʻO ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no ka poʻe ʻAmelika me AML he 27.4 pakeneka. ʻO ka helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no nā keiki me AML ma waena o 60 a me 70 pākēneka.

Me ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama koke ʻana, nui paha ke kala ʻana i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe. Ke pau nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona o ka AML i ka nalowale, ua manaʻo ʻia ʻoe i ke kala. Inā ʻoe i ke kala ʻia no ʻelima mau makahiki a ʻoi paha, noʻonoʻo ʻoe ua hoʻōla ʻia ʻo AML.

Inā ʻike ʻoe he mau ʻōuli kou no ka AML, e hoʻolālā i kahi manawa me kāu kauka e kūkākūkā ai. Pono ʻoe e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a i ʻole ke kuni hoʻomau.

Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale iā AML?

Inā ʻoe e hana a puni nā kemika weliweli a radiation paha, e nānā pono e ʻaʻa i kekahi a me nā pale pale i loaʻa e kaupalena ai i kāu hōʻike.

E ʻike mau i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e hopohopo nei ʻoe.