Hemoglobin

ʻO Hemoglobin kahi protein i loko o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula e lawe i ka oxygen. Ana ke ana o ka hemoglobin i ka nui o ka hemoglobin i kou koko.

Pono kahi laʻana koko.

ʻAʻole pono kahi hoʻomākaukau kūikawā.

Ke hoʻokomo ʻia ke kui kele e huki i ke koko, manaʻo kekahi poʻe i ka ʻeha kaulike. ʻIke wale kekahi i kahi ʻōniʻu a i ʻole kui. Ma hope, loaʻa paha i kahi kūpikipiki a i ʻole ka ʻūlū iki. Hele koke kēia.

ʻO ka hoʻokolohua hemoglobin kahi hōʻike maʻamau a kokoke hana mau ʻia ma ke ʻano he mahele o ke helu piha o ke koko (CBC). Nā kumu a me nā kūlana no ke kauoha ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua hemoglobin e:

• Nā ʻōuli e like me ka luhi, ke olakino maikaʻi ʻole, a i ʻole ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kaumaha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia
• Nā hōʻailona o ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe
• Ma mua a ma hope o ka ʻoki kino nui
• I ka wā hāpai
• ʻO nā maʻi maʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe
• Ka nānā ʻana i ka anemia a me ke kumu
• Ke kiaʻi ʻana i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• Ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau e hiki ai ke hōʻemi i ke anemia a i ʻole nā ​​helu koko haʻahaʻa

ʻOkoʻa nā hopena maʻamau no nā mākua, akā ma ka nui he:

• Kāne: 13.8 a 17.2 gram i kēlā me kēia deciliter (g / dL) a i ʻole 138 a 172 gram i kēlā me kēia lita (g / L)
• Wahine: 12.1 a 15.1 g / dL a i ʻole 121 a 151 g / L

ʻOkoʻa nā hopena maʻamau no nā keiki, akā ma ka nui he:

• Hānau hou: 14 a 24 g / dL a i ʻole 140 a 240 g / L
• ʻO ke kamaliʻi: 9.5 a 13 g / dL a i ʻole 95 a 130 g / L

ʻO nā pae ma luna nā ana maʻamau no nā hopena o kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. Hoʻohana kekahi mau labs i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻāʻo i nā laʻana like ʻole. E kamaʻilio me kāu mea mālama ola e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike kikoʻī.

LAHI MA KA HEMOGLOBIN NORMAL

ʻO ka pae hemoglobin haʻahaʻa ma muli o:

• Anemia ma o ka ʻulaʻula o ke koko e make ana ma mua o ka maʻamau (hemolytic anemia)
• Anemia (ʻano ʻokoʻa)
• Kahe mai ka digestive tract a i ʻole bladder, kaumaha menstrual wā
• Maʻi maʻi ʻōniʻoniʻo
• ʻAʻole hiki i ka iwi iwi ke hana i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula hou. Loaʻa paha kēia i ka leukemia, nā maʻi ʻino ʻē aʻe, ka lāʻau ʻona, ka lāʻau radiation, maʻi, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi pūpū iwi
• Kaʻai kūpono ʻole (me ka pae haʻahaʻa o ka hao, folate, wikamina B12, a me ka wikamina B6)
• Ke kūlana haʻahaʻa o ka hao, folate, wikamina B12, a i ʻole wikamina B6
• Nā maʻi maʻi ʻē aʻe, e like me ka rheumatoid arthritis

ʻOi aku ma mua o ka HEMOGLOBIN maʻamau

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka pae hemoglobin kiʻekiʻe e nā pae oxygen haʻahaʻa i ke koko (hypoxia), i loaʻa i kahi manawa lōʻihi. ʻO nā kumu maʻamau e:

• Kekahi hānau kīnā o ka puʻuwai i loaʻa i ka wā hānau (congenital puʻuwai maʻi)
• Hewa o ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau o ka puʻuwai (cor pulmonale)
• ʻO ka maʻi pulmonary ākea koʻikoʻi (COPD)
• ʻO ka scarring a i ʻole ka mānoanoa o nā akemāmā (pulmonary fibrosis) a me nā maʻi maʻi ʻeha ʻē aʻe

Nā kumu ʻē aʻe no ka pae hemoglobin kiʻekiʻe:

• ʻO kahi maʻi pūpū iwi laha ʻole e alakaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻonui maʻamau o ka helu o nā hunaola koko (polycythemia vera)
• Heʻuʻuku ka wai i ka wai a me nā wai (make wai)

Aia kahi pilikia iki i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o kou koko. Hoʻohālikelike nā aʻa a me nā aʻa i ka nui mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi ʻē aʻe a mai kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino i kekahi. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi laʻana koko mai kekahi poʻe ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke kau ʻana o ke koko he liʻiliʻi, akā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• Kahe nui ke koko
• Pāleʻale a ʻoluʻolu paha
• Nā punctures he nui e ʻimi i nā uaua
• Hematoma (kūkulu koko ma lalo o ka ʻili)
• Maʻiʻaʻai (i iki kamepiula i kēlā me kēia manawa ka ʻili i haki)

Hgb; Hb; Anemia - Hb; ʻO Polycythemia - Hb

• Hemoglobin

Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Hemoglobin (HB, Hgb). I: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, hua. Nā Hoʻokolohua Laboratory a me nā kaʻina hana Diagnostic. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2013: 621-623.

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Loiloi Hematology. I: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, hua. Nā Pono Nui o Pediatrics. 8th ed. Elsevier; 2019: chap 149.

ʻO RT. Hele i nā anemias. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 149.