Nā pale āpau e pale ai mai Meningitis

Anter

• ʻO nā lāʻau āpau e kūʻē i ka meningitis
• 1. ʻO ka lāʻau Meningococcal C
• 2. ACWY lāʻau lapaʻau meningococcal
• 3. ʻO ka lāʻau Meningococcal B
• 4. ʻO ka lāʻau vaccine conjugate Pneumococcal
• 5. Hoʻopiʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūʻē iā Haemophilus influenzae b
• Ke loaʻa ʻole kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau

Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka meningitis e nā microorganism like ʻole, no laila aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i ka meningococcal meningitis i hoʻokumu ʻia e Neisseria meningitidisserogroups A, B, C, W-135 a me Y, meningitis pneumococcal i hoʻokumu ʻia eS. pneumoniae a me ka meningitis i hoʻokumu ʻia eHaemophilus influenzae ʻano b.

Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau i loko o ka papa hana hoʻokiʻoki aupuni, e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau pentavalent, Pneumo10 a me MeningoC. E ʻike i nā lāʻau āpau i loko o ka kalena hoʻomaʻamaʻa lāhui.

ʻO nā lāʻau āpau e kūʻē i ka meningitis

E hakakā i nā ʻano like ʻole o ka meningitis, hōʻike ʻia nā lāʻau āpau aʻe:

1. ʻO ka lāʻau Meningococcal C

Hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau vaccine meningococcal C adsorbed no ka pale ʻana i nā keiki mai 2 mau makahiki, nā ʻōpio a me nā mākua no ka pale ʻana i ka meningitis i hoʻokumu ʻia e Neisseria meningitidis o serogroup C.

Pehea e lawe ai:

No nā keiki mai 2 mau mahina a 1 makahiki, ʻo ka mahele i hōʻike ʻia ʻelua mau kaha o 0.5 mL, lawelawe ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2 mau mahina. No nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, ʻōpio a me nā mākua, ʻo ka mahele lāʻau i paipai ʻia he hoʻokahi mahele o 0.5 mL.

Inā loaʻa i ke keiki ka lāʻau āpau loa o ʻelua mau lā a hiki i ka 12 mau makahiki, ua ʻōlelo ʻia, inā ʻelemakule ke keiki, e loaʻa i kahi lāʻau o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia hoʻi, e loaʻa i kahi lāʻau booster.

2. ACWY lāʻau lapaʻau meningococcal

Hōʻike ʻia kēia lāʻau no ka pale ʻana i nā keiki mai 6 mau makahiki o ka makahiki a i ʻole nā ​​mākua e kūʻē i nā maʻi meningococcal invasive i hoʻokumu ʻia e Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, C, W-135 a me Y. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ka inoa ʻo Nimenrix.

Pehea e lawe ai:

No nā pēpē ma waena o 6 a me 12 mau pule, aia ka papa hana hoʻōla no ka lawelawe ʻana o 2 i nā lā e hoʻomaka ai, i ka 2 a me ka 4 o nā mahina, a ukali ʻia e kahi maʻi booster i ka mahina 12 o ke ola.

No ka poʻe ma luna o 12 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, pono e lawelawe ʻia kahi mahele hoʻokahi o 0.5 mL, a i kekahi mau manawa e paipai ʻia ka lawelawe ʻana i kahi lāʻau booster.

3. ʻO ka lāʻau Meningococcal B

Hōʻike ʻia ka lāʻau vaccine B meningococcal B e kōkua ai i ka pale ʻana i nā keiki ma mua o 2 mahina a me nā mākua a hiki i ka 50 mau makahiki, e kūʻē i ka maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka bacteria. Neisseria meningitidis pūʻulu B, e like me ka meningitis a me ka sepsis. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka inoa ʻo Bexsero.

Pehea e lawe ai:

• Nā pēpē ma waena o 2 a me 5 mau makahiki o ka makahiki: Paipai ʻia nā mahele 3 o ka lāʻau āpau, me nā wā o 2 mau mahina ma waena o nā kau. Hoʻohui ʻia, pono e hana i kahi mea hoʻomomona ma waena o 12 a 23 mau makahiki o ka makahiki;
• Nā pēpē ma waena o 6 a me 11 mau mahina: Paipai ʻia nā lāʻau ma 2 mau manawa ma waena o 2 mau mahina, a pono e hoʻonui ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma waena o 12 a me 24 mau mahina o ka makahiki.
• Nā keiki ma waena o 12 mau mahina a me 23 mau makahiki. Paipai ʻia nā ʻaoʻao 2, me ke kaʻina o 2 mau mahina ma waena o nā kau;
• Nā keiki ma waena o 2 a me 10 mau makahiki. 'ōpio a me nā mākua, 2 paipai e paipai ʻia, me kahi wā o 2 mau mahina ma waena o nā kau;
• Nā ʻōpio mai 11 mau makahiki a me nā mākua: Paipai ʻia nā ʻaoʻao 2, me kahi manawa o 1 mau mahina ma waena o nā kau.

ʻAʻohe ʻikepili i nā mākua ma mua o 50 mau makahiki.

4. ʻO ka lāʻau vaccine conjugate Pneumococcal

Hōʻike ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi bacteria S. pneumoniae, ke kuleana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ka pulumonia, meningitis a i ʻole septicemia, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e lawe ai:

• Nā pēpē 6 mau pule a i 6 mau makahiki: ʻekolu mahele, ʻo ka mua i lawelawe ʻia, ma ka laulā, ma 2 mau makahiki o ka makahiki, me kahi wā ma lalo o hoʻokahi mahina ma waena o nā kau. Paipai ʻia kahi mahele booster ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻeono mau mahina ma hope o ka mahele hope loa.
• Nā pēpē 7-11 mau makahiki: ʻelua mau kaha o 0.5 mL, me kahi wā ma lalo o 1 mau mahina ma waena o nā kau. Paipai ʻia kahi mahele booster i ka makahiki ʻelua o ke ola, me kahi wā ma kahi o 2 mau mahina;
• Nā keiki 12-23 mau makahiki o ka makahiki: ʻelua mau kaha o 0.5 mL, me kahi wā ma waena o 2 mau mahina ma waena o nā kaha;
• Nā keiki mai 24 mau mahina a hiki i 5 mau makahiki. ʻelua mau kaha o 0.5 mL me kahi wā ma lalo o ʻelua mau mahina ma waena o nā kau.

5. Hoʻopiʻi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūʻē iā Haemophilus influenzae b

Hōʻike ʻia kēia lāʻau no nā keiki ma waena o 2 mau mahina a me 5 mau makahiki e pale aku ai i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi koʻohune Haemophilus influenzae ʻano b, e like me ka meningitis, septicemia, cellulite, arthritis, epiglottitis a i ʻole pneumonia, no ka laʻana. ʻAʻole pale kēia pale i nā maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o Haemophilus influenzae a i ʻole kūʻē i nā ʻano meningitis ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e lawe ai:

• Nā keiki mai 2 a 6 mau mahina: 3 injection me ke kaʻina o 1 a 2 mau mahina paha, a ukali ʻia e ka booster 1 makahiki ma hope o ke kolu o ka mahele lāʻau;
• Nā keiki mai 6 a 12 mau mahina: 2 injection me ke kau waena o 1 a i ʻole 2 mau mahina, a ukali ʻia e ka booster 1 makahiki ma hope o ka lua o ka mahele lāʻau.
• Nā keiki mai 1 a 5 mau makahiki: Hoʻokomo ʻekahi.

Ke loaʻa ʻole kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau

Hoʻopili ʻia kēia mau lāʻau āpau ke loaʻa nā ʻōuli o ke kuni a me nā hōʻailona o ka pehu ʻana a i ʻole no nā mea maʻi me nā maʻi āpau i kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka haʻilula.

Eia hou, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻohana ʻia e nā wahine hāpai a i ʻole nā ​​lactating women.