Toxoplasmosis

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o Toxoplasmosis?
• He aha nā kumu o Toxoplasmosis?
• Pehea e kuhikuhi ʻia ai ka Toxoplasmosis?
• He aha nā pilikia e pili pū ana me Toxoplasmosis?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka Toxoplasmosis?
• Hana i ka wā o ka hāpai keiki
• He aha ka manaʻo no ka poʻe me Toxoplasmosis
• Pehea e pale ai i ka Toxoplasmosis?

He aha ka Toxoplasmosis?

ʻO Toxoplasmosis kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi parasite. Kāhea ʻia kēia parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā feces o ka pōpoki a me kaʻiʻo i hoʻomoʻa ʻole ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻona, hipa, a me ka puaʻa. Hiki ke hoʻoiho ʻia ma o ka wai haumia. Hiki i ka Toxoplasmosis ke make a i ʻole ke kumu o nā hānau hānau koʻikoʻi no kahi ʻōpū inā loaʻa ka maʻi i ka makuahine. ʻO kēia ke kumu e koi aku ai nā kauka e kūʻē i ka wahine hāpai hāpai ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā pahu ʻōpoki pōpoki.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka toxoplasmosis ʻaʻole loa i loaʻa nā ʻōuli. Wahi a ka, ma kahi o 60 miliona mau kānaka ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i loaʻa i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa. ʻO ka poʻe i makaʻu loa i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi ʻo ia ka poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale maʻi a me nā pēpē i hānau ʻia e nā makuahine me nā maʻi ʻeleu i ka wā o ko lākou hāpai ʻana.

He aha nā hōʻailona o Toxoplasmosis?

ka mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu e kumu i nā toxoplasmosis hōʻike ʻole i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli.

ʻO ka poʻe e hoʻomohala i nā ʻōuli e ʻike paha:

• he kuni
• pehu nā lymph node, keu hoʻi i ka ʻāʻī
• he ʻeha poʻo
• ʻeha nā ʻeha a me nā ʻeha
• eha ka 'ā'ī

Hiki ke hala kēia mau ʻōuli no hoʻokahi mahina a ʻoi a hoʻonā maʻamau iā lākou iho.

He koʻikoʻi loa ʻo Toxoplasmosis no ka poʻe i hoʻonāwaliwali i nā ʻōnaehana pale. No kēia poʻe, aia a makaʻu i ka hoʻomōhala ʻana:

• ʻōpala o ka lolo, ke kumu o ka ʻeha poʻo, ka hopu ʻana, huikau a me ke koma.
• kahi maʻi kīnā, e hoʻoulu ana i ka uha, ke kuni, a me ka hanu ʻole
• kahi maʻi o ka maka, e hōʻeha ana i ka ʻike maka a me ka ʻeha o ka maka

Ke loaʻa i kahi ʻōpū, akahai a ʻano koʻikoʻi paha nā ʻōuli. ʻO Toxoplasmosis i loko o kahi pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke keiki ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO ka hapanui o nā keiki hānau hou me nā toxoplasmosis congenital i kū maʻamau i ka wā hānau akā hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli i ko lākou mau makahiki. He mea nui ia e nānā no ke komo ʻana i ko lākou lolo a me nā maka.

He aha nā kumu o Toxoplasmosis?

T. gondii ʻo ia ka theparasite e kumu ai i ka toxoplasmosis. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hopu iā ia mai nā ʻiʻo haumia i maka a i moʻa ʻole ʻole paha. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kiʻi i ka toxoplasmosis ma ka inu ʻana i ka wai haumia. I nā hihia kakaʻikahi, hiki ke lawe ʻia i nā toxoplasmosis ma o kahi transfusion o ke koko a i ʻole kahi mea kanu transplanted.

Hiki ke noho ka parasite i nā feces. Kēia mea hiki ke loaʻa ma kekahi hua i holoi ʻole ʻia i hoʻohaumia ʻia me ka manure. E holoi holoi i kāu huahana e pale ai i ka toxoplasmosis.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻike ʻia ka parasite i nā feces o ka pōpoki. ʻOiai T. gondii loaʻa i loko o kokoke i nā holoholona koko mahana, nā pōpoki wale nō ka mea hoʻokipa. ʻO ke kumu o kēia huaʻai o ka parasite e hoʻohua wale i ka moekolohe ma nā pōpoki. Holo nā hua i ke kino o ka feline ma o ka excretion. ʻAʻole hōʻike pinepine nā pōpoki i nā ʻōuli o ka toxoplasmosis ʻoiai he mau pūʻali lākou.

E hele a maʻi ka poʻe me ka toxoplasmosis inā lākou eʻai i ka parasite. Hiki ke hana i kēia ke hōʻike ʻia i nā feces pōpoki haumia. ʻOi paha kēia ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kahi pahu ʻōpala me ka holoi ʻole ʻana i kou mau lima ma hope.

Loaʻa ka nui o ka makaʻu o nā wahine hāpai i ka hele ʻana i nā toxoplasmosis i kā lākou keiki hānau ʻole i kēia ʻano. No kēia kumu, pono ʻoe e noi i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe e mālama i ka pahu ʻōpoki pōpoki i kou wā hāpai. Inā pono ʻoe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pahu iā ʻoe iho, pale iā ʻoe iho me nā mīkina lima a hoʻololi i ka pahu ʻōpoki pōpoki i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻAʻole maʻi ka parasite a hiki i hoʻokahi a ʻelima mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻokahe ʻia ʻana.

He mea kakaikahi loa ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kanaka i nā toxoplasmosis mai nā pōpoki. ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, ʻaʻole lawe nā pōpoki hale i ʻae ʻia i waho T. gondii. ʻO nā pōpoki hihiu a i ʻole nā ​​pōpoki e noho ana ma waho a ʻimi holoholona paha he mau mea hoʻokipa lākou o T. gondii.

Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ke ala maʻamau e maʻi ai i ka parasite toxoplasmosis ma o ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻiʻo maka a i ʻole nā ​​huaʻai a me nā lau i holoi ʻole ʻia.

Pehea e kuhikuhi ʻia ai ka Toxoplasmosis?

E hana maʻamau kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua koko e nānā ai no nā mea ʻino i kēia parasite. ʻO kahi antibody kahi ʻano protein i hana ʻia e kāu ʻōnaehana pale ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia ia e nā mea ʻino. Kuhi nā Antibodies i nā mea haole e nā māka o luna, i kapa ʻia he antigens. Hoʻopili pū nā antigens:

• nā mea hoʻomaʻi
• koʻohune
• parasites
• fungi

I ka manawa e hoʻomohala ai kahi mea pale mūhā e kūʻē i kekahi antigen kikoʻī, e noho ia i kou kahe koko e pale aku ai i nā maʻi o ka wā e hiki mai ana me kēlā ʻano haole kikoʻī.

Inā ua hala ʻoe i kekahi manawa T. gondii, e loaʻa nā mea ʻino i loko o kou koko. ʻO kēia ka mea e hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻoe no nā mea ʻino. Inā hoʻi maikaʻi kāu mau hoʻāʻo, a laila ua loaʻa ʻoe i kēia maʻi i kekahi manawa i kou ola. ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he maʻi maʻi kāu i kēia manawa.

Inā hoʻi maikaʻi kāu mau hoʻāʻo no nā mea ʻino, hiki i kāu kauka ke hana hou i nā hoʻokolohua e kōkua ai e ʻike kikoʻī ke loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi.

Inā hāpai ʻoe a loaʻa i kahi maʻi maʻi, hiki i kāu kauka ke hōʻoia i kāu wai amniotic a me ke koko o ka fetus. Hiki i kahi ultrasound ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo inā loaʻa ka maʻi i ka fetus.

Inā kuhi ʻia kāu pēpē me ka toxoplasmosis, e kuhikuhi ʻia paha ʻoe i kahi loea. Kūkulu ʻia ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo genetic. ʻO ke koho o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka hāpai ʻana, kaukaʻi ʻia i nā makahiki hānau o ka pēpē, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ma ke ʻano he hiki. Inā ʻoe e hoʻomau i ka hāpai ʻana, e kauoha paha kāu kauka i nā lāʻau antibiotic e kōkua ai i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hopena o kāu pēpē i nā ʻōuli.

He aha nā pilikia e pili pū ana me Toxoplasmosis?

ʻO ke kumu o ka mālama ʻana o ka wahine hāpai i nā hana kūikawā e hōʻalo ai i ka toxoplasmosis he hiki ke koʻikoʻi, a he make paha, no ka pēpē i loaʻa i ka pūpū. No nā mea e ola ana, hiki i nā toxoplasmosis ke loaʻa nā hopena mau loa i ka:

• lolo
• maka
• Puʻuwai
• māmā

Hiki paha iā lākou ke hoʻopaneʻe i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ke kino a me ka hopu pinepine ʻana.

Ma ka laulaha, nā pēpē i loaʻa i ka wā ma mua i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana e ʻeha ka nui o nā pilikia ma mua o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka wā ma hope o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ka toxoplasmosis i ʻoi aku paha ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka hoʻolohe ʻana a me ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻike. Hoʻopilikia ʻia kekahi mau keiki me ke kino kīnā o ke aʻo ʻana

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka Toxoplasmosis?

Koi paha kāu kauka i ka mālama ʻole ʻana i kāu toxoplasmosis inā ʻaʻole ia e alakaʻi i kekahi hōʻailona. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe olakino e hoʻomohala i kahi maʻi ʻaʻohe o lākou hōʻailona a hoʻomōhala i nā ʻōuli akahai i kaupalena ʻia e lākou iho.

Inā koʻikoʻi ka maʻi, hoʻomau, pili i nā maka, a i ʻole pili i nā mea o loko, e kau kauka maʻamau i ka pyrimethamine (Daraprim) a me ka sulfadiazine. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Pyrimethamine e mālama i ka malaria. ʻO Sulfadiazine kahi antibiotic.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi HIV a AIDS paha, pono paha ʻoe e hoʻomau i kēia mau lāʻau no ke ola. Hoʻoiho ka Pyrimethamine i kāu mau pae o ka folic acid, kahi ʻano o ka huaola B. E noi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e lawe i ka wikamina B ke lawe nei ʻoe i ka lāʻau.

Hana i ka wā o ka hāpai keiki

ʻOkoʻa ka mālama ʻana i ka wā hāpai. ʻO kāu papa hana e kaukaʻi ʻia inā pili ka maʻi o kāu keiki i hānau ʻole ʻia a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi. E kamaʻilio pū kāu kauka me ʻoe e pili ana i ka papa maikaʻi loa no kāu hihia kikoʻī. ʻO ka mea nui paha, e kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi lāʻau antibiotic e like me ka lōʻihi o kou i loko o kou hāpai ʻana e hoʻemi i ka hiki ke lawe i ka fetus. ʻO kahi lāʻau antibiotic i kapa ʻia ʻo spiramycin ka mea i koi ʻia i ka mua a me ka lua o ka trimester. Hoʻohui ʻia kahi hui o pyrimethamine / sulfadiazine a me leucovorin i ka hopena o ka lua a me ka ʻekolu o nā trimesters.

Inā he toxoplasmosis kāu pēpē i hānau ʻole ʻia, e manaʻo ʻia ʻo pyrimethamine a me sulfadiazine ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, he hopena koʻikoʻi nā lāʻau ʻelua i nā wahine a me nā ʻōpū a hoʻohana wale ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena hope loa. ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe me ka kaohi ʻana i ka momona o ka iwi e kōkua ai i ka hana ʻana i nā huna koko a me ka ʻino o ke ake.

He aha ka manaʻo no ka poʻe me Toxoplasmosis

ʻO ka nānā aku no ka poʻe me kēia ʻano ma muli o nā kumu he nui. ʻO nā wahine hāpai e hoʻomohala i kēia ʻano e pono e hana me kā lākou kauka e kiʻi i kahi papa hana kūpono iā lākou. Hiki i nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ka toxoplasmosis ke loaʻa i nā mālama ʻana a hiki i hoʻokahi makahiki.

ʻO ka poʻe me ka maʻi SIDA a me nā keiki me nā ʻōnaehana pale pale i pono e pono e hōʻeha ʻia i ka haukapila no ka mālama ʻana e pale ai i nā pilikia.

Inā ʻaʻole hāpai ʻoe a ʻaʻohe ou ʻano kumu ola e pono ai ʻoe e ola i nā pule he nui. ʻAʻole hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā ʻano lapaʻau inā akahai kāu mau ʻōuli a ke olakino ʻole ʻoe.

Pehea e pale ai i ka Toxoplasmosis?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke pale aku i ka toxoplasmosis e:

• ka holoi ʻana i nā mea ulu a pau ma mua o kou ʻai ʻana
• e hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono i nāʻiʻo āpau
• ka holoi ʻana i nā pono āpau i hoʻohana ʻia e lawelawe i ka ʻiʻo maka
• holoi i kou mau lima ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a scooping ʻana i ka ʻōpoki pōpoki

Pono i nā wahine hāpai e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka pahu ʻōpoki pōpoki i ko lākou hāpai ʻana.