Kanesa ʻili

Anter

• Nānā no

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hana ʻia i nā ʻaʻa o ka ʻili. I ka makahiki 2008, ua manaʻo ʻia he 1 miliona mau hihia hou (nonmelanoma) o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili i ʻike ʻia a ma lalo o ka make ʻana he 1000. Aia kekahi mau ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili:

• Melanoma hana i loko o melanocytes (ʻili keena e hana pigment)

• Hoʻokumu ke kinikona basal cell i nā hunaina basal (nā liʻiliʻi, nā hunaola āpau i ke kumu o ka papa waho o ka ʻili)

• Kuhi ke kinikini kinikini squamous i nā hunaola squamous (nā huna pālahalaha e hana ana i ka ʻili o ka ʻili)

• Hana nā neuroendocrine carcinoma i nā neuroendocrine (nā hunaola e hoʻokuʻu i nā homone i ka pane ʻana i nā hōʻailona mai ka ʻōnaehana nerve)

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili i nā poʻe ʻelemākule ma nā ʻāpana o ke kino i hōʻike ʻia i ka lā a i ʻole i ka poʻe i hoʻonāwaliwali i nā ʻōnaehana pale. ʻO ka pale mua ke kī.

E pili ana i ka ʻili

ʻO ka ʻili ke kino nui o ke kino. Pale ia i ka wela, ka mālamalama, ka ʻeha, a me ka maʻi. Kōkua ia i ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ke kino. Mālama ʻia ka wai a me ka momona. Hana ka ʻili i ka huaora D.

ʻElua mau papa nui o ka ʻili.

• Epidermis. ʻO ka epidermis ka papa luna o ka ʻili. Hana ʻia ka hapanui i nā hunaola, a i ʻole nā ​​squamous. Ma lalo o nā hunaola squamous i ka hohonu o ka epidermis he mau hunaola i kapa ʻia nā cell basal. ʻO nā cell i kapa ʻia he melanocytes e hana i ka pigment (kala) i loaʻa i ka ʻili a aia ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka epidermis.

• Dermis. Aia ka dermis ma lalo o ka epidermis. Loaʻa i nā kīʻaha koko, nā kīʻaha lymph, a me nā glands. Hoʻokupu kekahi o kēia mau glands i ka hou, ka mea kōkua i ke anuanu i ke kino. Hana nā kelena ʻē aʻe i ka sebum. ʻO Sebum kahi mea aila e kōkua i ka pale ʻana o ka ʻili. Hiki i ka hou a me ka sebum i ka ʻili o ka ʻili ma o nā puka liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia nā pores.

Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili

Hoʻomaka ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻili i nā hunaola, nā palaka hale e hana i ka ʻili. ʻO ka maʻamau, ulu nā ʻili ʻili a hoʻokaʻawale e hana i nā hunaola hou. I kēlā me kēia lā e ʻelemakule nā ​​ʻili o ka ʻili a make, a kū nā wahi huna hou i ko lākou hakahaka.

I kekahi manawa, hewa kēia hana hoʻonohonoho. Kūkulu nā hunaola hou inā ʻaʻole pono ka ʻili iā lākou, a ʻaʻole make nā hunaola kahiko ke pono lākou. Hiki i kēia mau keena keu ke hana i kahi nui o nā kiko i kapa ʻia ka ulu a i ʻole ka tumo.

Hiki i nā ulu a i ʻole nā ​​tumors ke ʻano maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha.

• ʻAʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai nā maʻi maʻi benign:

o ʻAʻole ulu iki nā ulu ulu Benign i ka hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

o ʻO ka maʻamau, hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia nā ulu ulu benign. ʻAʻole lākou e ulu i hope.

o ʻAʻole hiki i nā cell mai nā ulu kūpono ke lele i nā mea āpau a puni lākou.

o ʻAʻole hiki ke pālahalaha nā kūpuna mai nā ulu kūpono i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• He maʻi ʻaʻai nā ulu mānoanoa.

o ʻOi aku ka nui o nā koʻikoʻi ulu ulu ma mua o nā mea ulu maikaʻi. Hoʻoweliweli paha lākou i ke ola. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā ʻano maʻamau ʻelua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili wale nō ke kumu o hoʻokahi wale nō o kēlā me kēia tausani ka make mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

o Hiki ke hemo pinepine i nā ulu ulu kino. Akā i kekahi manawa ulu lākou i hope.

o Hiki i nā keena mai nā ulu uluʻino ke lele a hoʻopōʻino i nā mea kokoke a me nā meaola.

o Hiki i nā keena mai nā ulu ulu kolohe ke hoʻolaha aku i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino. Kāhea ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻamau ʻelua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ka maʻi ʻaʻa basal a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai squamous. Hoʻokumu pinepine kēia mau maʻi maʻi ma ke poʻo, ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, nā lima, a me nā lima, akā hiki i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ke hana ma nā wahi āpau.

• ulu mālie ka maʻi 'aʻai o ka ʻili basal. Hana ʻia ia ma nā wahi o ka ʻili i ka lā. ʻO ka mea maʻamau ma ka maka. ʻAʻohe pālahalaha iki ka maʻi ʻaʻa Basal i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

• Aia kekahi maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāpā squamous i nā ʻāpana o ka ʻili i ka lā. Akā ma nā wahi ʻaʻole i ka lā. Hoʻolahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai squamous i kekahi manawa i nā lymph node a me nā mea i loko o ke kino.

Inā pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili mai kona wahi kumu a i kahi ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, loaʻa i ka ulu hou ke ʻano like o nā hunaola ʻokoʻa a me ka inoa like me ka ulu mua. Kāhea ʻia kēia he maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

ʻO wai ka pilikia?

ʻAʻole hiki i nā kauka ke wehewehe i ke kumu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kekahi kanaka i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili a ʻaʻole kekahi e hana. Akā ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ʻo ka poʻe me kekahi ʻano pilikia e ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hoʻomohala i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• ʻO ka pāhawewe ʻo Ultraviolet (UV) mai ka lā, nā sunlamp, nā moena ʻili, a me nā keʻena ʻili. ʻO ka makaʻu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili e pili i ke ola a pau i ka pāhawewe UV. Hōʻike ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ma hope o ka makahiki 50, akā hoʻopōʻino ka lā i ka ʻili mai ka wā ʻōpio.

Hoʻopili ka pāhawewe UV i nā mea āpau. Akā ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa ka ʻili maikaʻi i nā freckles a i ʻole ke kuni maʻalahi hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka makaʻu. He lauoho ʻulaʻula a blond paha kēia mau poʻe a me nā maka i hoʻomālamalama ʻia. Akā ʻo nā kānaka ʻili hiki ke loaʻa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

ʻO ka poʻe e noho ana i nā wahi i loaʻa i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o UV radiation loaʻa i kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, loaʻa i nā wahi ma ka hema (e like me Texas a me Florida) ka nui o ka pāhawewe UV ma mua o nā wahi ma ka ʻākau (e like me Minnesota). Eia kekahi, ʻo ka poʻe e noho ana ma nā mauna e loaʻa iā lākou nā kiʻekiʻe o ka pāhawewe UV.

E noʻonoʻo: aia ka pāhawewe UV i ke anuanu a i ʻole i kahi lā ʻōpua.

• Pākuʻi a kuni paha i ka ʻili

• Ka maʻi maʻi me kekahi mau papillomavirus kanaka

• Ka hoʻohaunaele o ka ʻili mau a i ʻole nā ​​ulcer o ka ʻili

• Nā maʻi e hana ka ʻili i ka lā, e like me xeroderma pigmentosum, albinism, a me basal cell nevus syndrome

• Radiation therapy

• Nā kūlana olakino a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau e kāohi i ka ʻōnaehana pale

• Ka mōʻaukala pilikino o hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha nā maʻi ʻili ʻili

• Ka moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili

• ʻO ka keratosis Actinic kahi ʻano pālahalaha, ulu ulu i ka ʻili. ʻIke pinepine ʻia ia ma nā wahi i kū i ka lā, keu hoʻi ka maka a me nā kua o nā lima. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā mea ulu me he mau ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele paha i ka ʻili. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia lākou e like me ka haʻihaʻi a me ka ʻili ʻana o ka lehelehe lalo e hoʻōla ʻole. Me ka ʻole o ka lapaʻau ʻana, hiki i kahi helu liʻiliʻi o kēia ulu ulu scaly ke lilo i maʻi maʻi ʻaʻa squamous.

• ʻO ka maʻi o Bowen, kahi ʻano wīwī a mānoanoa paha o ka ʻili, e lilo paha i maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāpana squamous cell.

Inā loaʻa i kekahi kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka melanoma, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu no ka loaʻa ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka palua ʻia ʻana, me ka nānā ʻole i ka makahiki, ka lāhui a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano nohona e like me ka puhipaka. ʻO nā maʻi ʻili ʻelua i ʻike nui ʻia - ka cell basal a me nā cell caromasomas squamous - hemo pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea ʻole ʻole, akā he hōʻailona hōʻailona paha ia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka umauma, kolona, ​​akemāmā, ate a me nā ovaries, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ʻē aʻe. Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻopili liʻiliʻi akā ʻoi aku ka nui.

Nā ʻōuli

Hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia ka hapa nui o ka cell basal cell a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa squamous ke loaʻa a mālama ʻia i ka wanaʻao.

ʻO kahi hoʻololi i ka ʻili ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. He ulu hou paha kēia, he ʻeha e hoʻōla ʻole, a i ʻole he hoʻololi i kahi ulu kahiko. ʻAʻole like nā kanesa ʻili āpau. Hoʻololi ka ʻili e nānā no:

• liʻiliʻi, ʻoluʻolu, ʻōlinolino, pale, a i ʻole ka pūpū waxy

• Paʻa, puʻupuʻu ʻulaʻula

• ʻeha a puʻupuʻu paha e hoʻokahe ke koko a hoʻomohala paha i kahi pāpaʻi a i ʻole kahi ʻili

• Kahi ʻulaʻula pālahalaha kahi maloʻo, maloʻo, a wīwī paha a lilo i pīpī a palupalu paha

• ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula paha o ka palaka a wīwī hoʻi

I kekahi manawa ʻeha ka maʻi ʻaʻai, akā ʻaʻole maʻamau.

ʻO ka nānā maʻamau ʻana i kou ʻili no nā ulu hou a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻololi ʻē aʻe he manaʻo maikaʻi. E hoʻomanaʻo i nā loli ʻaʻole ia he hōʻailona hōʻoia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Eia nō naʻe, pono ʻoe e hōʻike i nā loli i kāu kauka ola ola koke. Pono paha ʻoe e ʻike i kahi dermatologist, kahi kauka i hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā i ka hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pilikia o ka ʻili.

ʻIkepili

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi loli i ka ʻili, pono ke kauka e ʻike inā no ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe. E hana kāu kauka i kahi biopsy, e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea āpau a ʻāpana paha o ka wahi i nānā ʻole ʻia he maʻamau. Hele ka laʻana i kahi lab kahi e nānā ai kahi pathologist ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻO kahi biopsy ke ala ʻoiaʻiʻo e hōʻoia ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻili.

ʻEhā ʻano maʻamau o nā biopsies o ka ʻili:

1.Punch biopsy - hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea ʻoiʻoi, hollow e hoʻoneʻe i kahi pōʻai o nā mea mai nā wahi kūpono ʻole.

2. Biopsy incisional - hoʻohana ʻia kahi scalpel e wehe i kahi ʻāpana o ka ulu ʻana.

3. Biopsy kūikawā - hoʻohana ʻia i kahi scalpel e wehe i ka ulu holoʻokoʻa a me kekahi mea a puni iā ​​ia.

4. ʻO ka biopsy kahiʻu - e hoʻohana ʻia kahi pahi lahilahi a ʻoi e ʻako i ka ulu ulu ʻole.

Inā hōʻike ka biopsy he maʻi ʻaʻai kou, pono ʻike kāu kauka i ka nui (pae) o ka maʻi. I nā hihia kakaʻikahi, hiki i ke kauka ke nānā i kāu mau lymph node e hoʻokumu i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Hoʻokumu ʻia ke kahua ma:

* Ka nui o ka ulu ʻana

* Pehea ka hohonu o ka ulu ʻana ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka ʻili

* Inā ua pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph node kokoke a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino

Nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili:

* Kahua 0: ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai wale nō ka papa luna o ka ʻili. He carcinoma ia ma kahi.

* Kahua I: ʻO ka ulu ʻana he 2 kenimika ka laulā (ʻekolu hapahā o ka ʻīniha) a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi.

* Kahua II: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ulu ma mua o 2 kenimika ākea (ʻekolu hapahā o ka ʻīniha).

* Kahua III: Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma lalo o ka ʻili i ka cartilage, nāʻiʻo, ka iwi, a i ʻole nā ​​lymph node kokoke. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

* Kahua IV: Ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

I kekahi manawa lawe ʻia nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau i ka biopsy. I kēlā mau hihia, ʻaʻole pono ka lapaʻau hou. Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi lapaʻau hou aʻe, e wehewehe kāu kauka i kāu koho.

Lapaʻau

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻano a me ke kahua o ka maʻi, ka nui a me kahi o ka ulu ʻana, a me kou olakino olakino a me ka mōʻaukala olakino. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, ʻo ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e wehe a hoʻopau loa i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ke ʻoki kino ka lāʻau maʻamau no ka poʻe me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Hiki ke hemo koke i nā maʻi maʻi ʻili he nui a maʻalahi hoʻi. I kekahi mau hihia, manaʻo paha ke kauka i ka chemotherapy kumuhana, photodynamic therapy, a i ʻole radiation radiation.

ʻOki kino

ʻO ke ʻoki lāʻau e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili e hana ʻia ma kekahi o nā ʻano. ʻO ke ʻano o kāu kauka e pili ai i ka nui a me kahi o ka ulu a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe.

• ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻili kūʻokoʻa kahi lāʻau maʻamau e hemo ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Ma hope o ka helu ʻana i ka wahi, hemo ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka ulu me kahi scalpel. Lawe pū ka mea lapaʻau i ka palena o ka ʻili a puni ka ulu ʻana. ʻO kēia ʻili ka palena. Nānā ʻia ka palena ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike pono ua hemo ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Aia ka nui o ka palena i ka nui o ka ulu ʻana.

• Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Mohs (ke kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo Mohs micrographic surgery) no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Numbed ka wahi o ka ulu. ʻO kahi kauka lapaʻau hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā e ʻako i nā papa lahilahi o ka ulu ʻana. Nānā koke ʻia kēlā me kēia papa ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hoʻomau ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kahi i nā kino a hiki i ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai ma lalo o ka microscope. I kēia ala, hiki i ke kauka ke wehe i nā maʻi ʻaʻai āpau a he wahi liʻiliʻi wale nō o nā mea olakino olakino.

• Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka electrodesiccation a me curettage e hemo i nā maʻi maʻi ʻili basal cell ʻili. Pōpō ke kauka i ka wahi e mālama ʻia. Lawe ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai me curette, kahi mea hana ʻoi e like me ka puna. Hoʻouna ʻia kahi uila i loko o ka wahi i mālama ʻia e kāohi i ke kahe ʻana o ka toto a make i nā hunaola maʻi ʻea e waiho ʻia ana. ʻO ka electrodesiccation a me ka curettage kahi hana wikiwiki a maʻalahi hoʻi.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka Cryosurgery no ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i kekahi ʻano ʻoki o ke kino. Hoʻohana ia i ke anuanu loa e mālama i ke anuu a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili lahilahi. Hana ka nitrogen wai i ke anuanu. Pili ke kauka i ka nitrogen wai i ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻili. Hiki i kēia lāʻau ke kumu i ka pehu. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻino i nā aʻalolo, kahi e hiki ai ke lilo i ka nalowale o ka manaʻo i ka wahi i hōʻino ʻia.

• Hoʻohana ke ʻoki laser i kahi kukuna o ke kukui e hemo a luku paha i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia no nā ulu ulu ma ka papa waho o ka ʻili wale nō.

Pono pono nā hana lima e pani i kahi wehe i ka ʻili i waiho ʻia e ke ʻoki. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ke kauka lapaʻau a laila lawe aku i kahi ʻili o ka ʻili olakino mai kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino, e like me ka ʻūhā luna. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pale e uhi i ka wahi kahi i lawe ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi paʻa o ka ʻili, pono paha ʻoe e mālama kūikawā i ka wahi a hiki i kona wā e hoʻōla ai.

ʻAoʻao-op

ʻO ka manawa o ka hoʻōla ma hope o ke kaha ʻana he ʻokoʻa ia no kēlā me kēia kanaka. E hōʻoluʻolu paha ʻoe no nā lā mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kaohi i ka ʻeha. Ma mua o ke kāpili ʻana, pono ʻoe e kūkākūkā i ka hoʻolālā no ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha me kāu kauka a kahu maʻi paha. Ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana, hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoponopono i ka hoʻolālā.

Haʻalele ka hana ʻoki kino i kekahi manawa o ka ʻeha. ʻO ka nui a me ke kala o ka ʻili e pili ana i ka nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, ke ʻano o ke kaha ʻana, a pehea e hoʻōla ai kou ʻili.

No kēlā me kēia ʻano o ke ʻoki ʻana, e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka ʻili a i ʻole ke ʻoki hou ʻana, he mea nui e ukali i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka no ka ʻauʻau ʻana, ka ʻumi ʻana, ka hoʻoikaika kino, a i ʻole nā ​​hana ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka chemotherapy kumuhana

Hoʻohana ʻo Chemotherapy i nā lāʻau anticancer e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻili ʻili. Ke kau pono ʻia kahi lāʻau i ka ʻili, he chemotherapy kumuhana ka lāʻau. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia inā nui loa ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili no ke ʻoki. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ke hoʻomau ka kauka i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi ʻaʻai hou.

ʻO ka hapanui pinepine, hiki mai ka lāʻau i loko o ka kirimalu a i ʻole ka wai ʻili. Hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka ʻili i hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā no kekahi mau pule. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo fluorouracil (5-FU) e mālama ai i ka cell basal cell a me nā maʻi ʻaʻai squamous i ka papa luna o ka ʻili wale nō. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo imiquimod e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai basal i ka papa luna o ka ʻili wale nō.

Hiki i kēia mau lāʻau ke hoʻohuli i kou ʻili i ʻulaʻula a pehu paha. Hiki ke ʻili, ʻeha, ʻuwī, a hoʻomōhala paha i kahi ʻūlū. ʻEha ʻeha a maʻalahi paha ia i ka lā. Hele pinepine kēia mau ʻili ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau. ʻO ka chemotherapy kumuhana maʻamau ʻaʻole ia e waiho i kahi ʻili. Inā ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula hoʻi ka ʻili olakino ke mālama ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili, hiki i kāu kauka ke hōʻoki i ka lāʻau.

Hoʻoikaika Photodynamic

Hoʻohana ka lāʻau Photodynamic therapy (PDT) i kahi kemika me kahi kumu kukui kūikawā, e like me ke kukui laser, e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ka kemika kahi ʻenehana photosensitizing. Hoʻopili ʻia kahi kalima i ka ʻili a i ʻole ke injected o ka kemika. Noho ia i nā hunaola maʻi ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā hunaola maʻamau. He mau hola a mau lā paha ma hope, ua kau ka malamalama kūikawā i ka ulu ʻana. Lilo i ka kemika a luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻē kokoke.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo PDT e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma kahi a kokoke paha i ka ʻili o ka ʻili.

ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi nā hopena ʻaoʻao o PDT. Hoʻokumu paha ʻo PDT i ka ʻeha a ʻeha hoʻi i ka ʻeha. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonā i ke ahi, ka pehu ʻana, a me ka ʻulaʻula. Hiki paha iā ia ke wili i kaʻiʻo olakino kokoke i ka ulu ʻana. Inā loaʻa iā PDT, pono ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka lā pololei a me ka mālamalama o ka hale i loko no 6 mau pule ma hope o ka lapaʻau ʻana.

Lapaʻau hoʻomālama

Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation (i kapa ʻia ʻo radiotherapy) i nā kukuna ikaika loa e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hele mai nā kukuna mai kahi mīkini nui ma waho o ke kino. Hoʻopili wale lākou i nā pūnaewele i ka wahi i mālama ʻia. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia lapaʻau ma kahi haukapila a i ʻole kahi haukapila i hoʻokahi mahele lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​kau i nā pule he nui.

ʻAʻole mālama ka radiation i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Akā hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ma nā wahi kahi e paʻakikī ai ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole waiho ʻia kahi ʻili maikaʻi. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke mālama i kēia lāʻau inā he ulu kou ma kou lihilihi, pepeiao, a ihu paha. Hiki nō ke hoʻohana inā hoʻi mai ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma hope o ke kaha ʻana e wehe iā ia.

Pili ka hopena i ka hopena o ka radiation a me ka ʻāpana o kou kino e mālama ʻia. I ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i kou ʻili i ka wahi i mālama ʻia e ʻulaʻula, maloʻo, a palupalu hoʻi. Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo i nā ala e hōʻoluʻolu i nā hopena o ka radiation radiation.

Mālama mālama

Mālama nui ka mālama ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili. E nānā kāu kauka i kou ola ʻana a nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili hou. ʻOi aku ka maʻi o nā maʻi ʻili hou ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili i mālama ʻia. Mālama nā mākaukau pinepine ʻana e hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia loli i kāu olakino e hoʻomaopopo ʻia a mālama ʻia inā pono. Ma waena o nā kipa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, pono ʻoe e nānā i kou ʻili i nā manawa mau. Kāhea aku i ke kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea ʻē. He mea nui nō hoʻi e ukali i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka e pili ana i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou makaʻu e hoʻomohala hou i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

Pehea e hana ai i kahi hōʻoia pilikino ʻili

E ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka a kahu hānai paha e hana ʻoe i ka hoʻokolohua iho o ka ʻili mau e nānā ai no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili, me melanoma.

ʻO ka manawa kūpono loa e hana ai i kēia hōʻike ma hope o ka ʻauʻau a ʻauʻau paha. E nānā pono ʻoe i kou ʻili i kahi lumi me ka nui o ka mālamalama. E hoʻohana i kahi aniani piha a lōʻihi a me kahi aniani paʻa lima. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi e hoʻomaka ma ke aʻo ʻana i kahi o kāu mau hānau hānau, mole, a me nā māka ʻē aʻe a me ko lākou nānā a me ka maʻamau.

E hōʻoia no nā mea hou:

* Mole hou (ʻano ʻokoʻa ia mai kāu mau mole ʻē aʻe)

* Pākuʻi flaky ʻulaʻula a ʻeleʻele hou paha e hāpai iki ʻia

* Pū paʻa paʻa ʻiʻo hou

* Hoʻololi i ka nui, ke kinona, ke kala, a i ʻole ka manaʻo o kahi mole

* ʻEha ka mea hoʻōla ʻole

E nānā iā ʻoe iho mai ke poʻo a ka manamanalima. Mai poina e nānā i kou kua, ʻili, ʻāpana genital, a ma waena o kou mau puʻupuʻu.

* E nānā i kou alo, ʻāʻī, pepeiao, a me kou poʻo. E makemake paha ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi palu a i ʻole kahi mea holoi holoi e hoʻoneʻe i kou lauoho i hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maikaʻi aʻe. Makemake paha ʻoe i kahi ʻohana a hoaloha paha e nānā ma o kou lauoho. He paʻakikī paha ke nānā iā ʻoe iho i kou poʻo.

* Nānā i ke alo a i hope o kou kino i ke aniani. A laila, e hāpai i kou mau lima a nānā i kou ʻaoʻao hema a ʻākau.

* Kulou kou kuʻe lima. E nānā pono i kou mau manamana lima, nā poho lima, nā forearms (me nā ʻaoʻao lalo), a me nā lima luna.

* Nānā i ka hope, mua, a me nā ʻaoʻao o kou mau wāwae. E nānā hoʻi a puni kāu wahi genital a ma waena o kāu mau puʻupuʻu.

* Noho a nānā pono i kou mau wāwae, me kāu manamana wāwae, kou mau wāwae, a me nā hakahaka ma waena o nā manamana wāwae.

Ma ka nānā pinepine ʻana i kou ʻili, e aʻo ʻoe i ka mea maʻamau nāu. He mea kōkua paha ke hoʻopaʻa i nā lā o kāu hoʻokolohua ʻili a me ke kākau ʻana i nā memo e pili ana i ke ʻano o kou ʻili. Inā ua kiʻi kāu kauka i nā kiʻi o kou ʻili, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohālikelike i kou ʻili i nā kiʻi e kōkua i ka nānā ʻana i nā loli. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mea ʻē aʻe, e ʻike i kāu kauka.

Kāohi

ʻO ke ala ʻoi loa e pale aku ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho mai ka lā. Pēlā nō hoʻi, pale i nā keiki mai ka wā ʻōpio. Hōʻike nā kauka i ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau e kaupalena i ko lākou manawa i ka lā a pale i nā kumu ʻē aʻe o UV radiation:

• ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana ma waho o ka lā awakea (mai ke kakahiaka a i ke awakea) i kēlā me kēia manawa ke hiki. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o nā kukuna UV ma waena o 10 a 4 mau hola. Pono ʻoe e pale iā ʻoe iho mai ka radiation UV i hōʻike ʻia e ke one, ka wai, ka hau, a me ka hau. Hiki i ka lālani UV ke hele ma waena o nā lole māmā, nā aniani, nā puka aniani, a me nā ao.

• E hoʻohana i ka pale lā i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma kahi o 80 pākēneka o ko ke kanaka maʻamau ola ʻana i ka lā e kū pono ʻole. Hiki i ka pale sunscreen ke pale aku i ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻili, ʻoi aku ka laulā ākea (e kānana i nā kukuna UVB a me UVA) me kahi mea pale lā (SPF) ma ka liʻiliʻi 15. E hoʻomanaʻo hoʻi, ke hōʻike mau nei ʻoe i nā kukuna UV i nā lā ʻōpua: i kahi lāʻeleʻele, ua, 20 i ka 30 pākēneka o nā kukuna UV e komo i loko o nā ao. I kahi lā ʻōpua, 60 a 70 paha ka pākēneka e puka aʻe, a inā he huhū wale nō ia, ʻaneʻane hiki i nā kukuna UV a pau iā ʻoe.

• pili pono i ka sunscreen. E hōʻoia mua e hoʻohana lawa - hoʻokahi auneke (piha kīʻaha kī) no kou kino holoʻokoʻa. Hoʻoulu iā ia ma 30 mau minuke ma mua o kou pā ʻana i ka lā. Mai poina i ka uhi ʻana i nā kiko i hala pinepine ai ka poʻe: nā lehelehe, nā lima, nā pepeiao, a me ka ihu. E noi hou i kēlā me kēia mau hola ʻelua - no kahi lā ma kahakai pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka hapalua o ka ʻōmole 8-auneke wale nō iā ʻoe iho - akā ʻo ke kāwele ka mua; hoʻoheheʻe ka wai i ka SPF.

• komo i nā pūlima lōʻihi a me nā pālule lōʻihi o nā lole ulana paʻa a me nā kala ʻeleʻele. ʻO kahi T-shirt polū polū ʻeleʻele, no ka laʻana, he UPF o 10, ʻoiai ke keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo kahi 7. E hoʻomanaʻo inā inā pulu nā lole, hāʻule ka pale e ka hapalua. Koho i ka pāpale me ka laulā ākea - kahi ma ka liʻiliʻi he 2- a 3 mau ʻīniha a puni - a me nā aniani aniani e ʻea i UV. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo i ka lole UPF. Mālama ʻia ia me kahi uhi kūikawā e kōkua ai e omo i nā kukuna UVA a me UVB. E like me SPF, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka UPF (mai 15 a 50+), ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pale ʻana.

• Koho i nā aniani ʻelua i lepili pono ʻia e ālai ma ka liʻiliʻi he 99 pakeneka o nā kukuna UV; ʻaʻole hana nā mea āpau. Mālama maikaʻi nā aniani ākea i ka ʻili lahilahi e pili ana i kou mau maka, ʻaʻole e hōʻike i kou mau maka iā lākou iho (hiki i ka hōʻike UV ke hāʻawi i nā cataract a me ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi ma hope o ke ola).

• Noho kaawale mai nā sunlamp a me nā hale kalena.

• E neʻe. Ua hōʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Rutgers i ka hoʻomohala ʻia ʻana o nā ʻiole ʻeleu me ka liʻiliʻi o nā maʻi ʻili ma mua o ka poʻe sedentary, a manaʻo ka poʻe loea e pili like nā kānaka. Hoʻoikaika ka hoʻoikaika kino i ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea, e kōkua paha i ke kino e pale iā ia iho ma mua o nā maʻi ʻino.

Hoʻololi ʻē ʻia i kahi ʻāpana mai ka National Cancer Institute (www.cancer.gov)

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