Hōʻike Sickle Cell

Anter

• He aha ka hōʻike sela?
• He aha ka maʻi maʻi sickle (SCD)?
• ʻO ke ʻano o ka pūnaewele paʻapū
• ʻO wai ka mea e pono ai kahi e hoʻāʻo ai?
• Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka cell sickle?
• He aha ka hana i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka maʻi pahū?
• Aia kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo?
• He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena hōʻike?
• He aha ka hana ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?

He aha ka hōʻike sela?

ʻO kahi hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka maʻi sickle kahi hōʻike maʻalahi o ke koko i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa kāu maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi (SCD) a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka cell sickle. Loaʻa nā kānaka me ka SCD i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula (RBCs) ʻano maʻamau. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā hunaola maʻi e like me ka mahina puʻupuʻu. ʻO nā RBC maʻamau e like me nā donut.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi kahi ʻāpana o ka loiloi maʻamau i hana ʻia ma kahi pēpē ma hope o ko lākou hānau ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā keiki makua a me nā mākua ke pono.

He aha ka maʻi maʻi sickle (SCD)?

ʻO SCD kahi hui o nā maʻi RBC hoʻoilina. Ua kapa ʻia ka maʻi no ka mea mahiʻai mahiʻai C i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he selesa.

Lilo ka paʻakikī o nā pūnaewele maʻi a paʻa. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kahe o ke koko. Make lākou i ka make wanaʻao. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hemahema mau o nā RBC.

Hoʻokumu ʻo SCD i kēia mau ʻōuli:

• anemia, ka mea e luhi ai
• pā a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hanu
• melemele o ka ʻili a me nā maka
• manawa manawa o ka ʻeha, i kumu ʻia e ke kahe o ke kahe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia
• maʻi wawae lima, a i ʻole nā ​​lima a me nā wāwae i pehu
• nā maʻi pinepine
• lohi ka ulu ʻana
• pilikia pilikia ʻike

ʻO ke ʻano o ka pūnaewele paʻapū

ʻO ka poʻe me ke ʻano o ka cell illle, ʻo ia nā halihali kūlohelohe o SCD. ʻAʻohe o lākou hōʻailona a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomohala iā SCD, akā hiki paha iā lākou ke hoʻoili i kā lākou keiki.

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka poʻe me kēia ʻano ʻē aʻe i kekahi mau pilikia ʻē aʻe, e like me ka make e pili ana i ka hoʻoluhi kino.

ʻO wai ka mea e pono ai kahi e hoʻāʻo ai?

Nānā pinepine ʻia nā keiki hānau hou no SCD ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO ka hōʻoia mua ke kī. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā keiki me SCD i nā maʻi ʻino i loko o nā pule hānau. Kōkua ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke kakahiaka nui e hōʻoia i nā pēpē me SCD i ka lāʻau kūpono e pale ai i ko lākou olakino.

ʻO nā kānaka ʻē aʻe e pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia e:

• nā malihini i hoʻokolohua ʻole ʻia i ko lākou mau ʻāina home
• nā keiki e neʻe mai kahi mokuʻāina a kahi ʻāina ʻē aʻe a ʻaʻole i hoʻokolohua ʻia
• kekahi e hōʻike nei i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi

Pili ka SCD ma kahi o a miliona o ka poʻe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, kuhi i nā Centers for Disease Control and Prevent.

Pehea ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka cell sickle?

ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻomākaukau no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka maʻi pahū. Eia nō naʻe, ke loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoʻokolohua ʻāpana maʻi maʻi i loko o 90 mau lā ma hope o ke kōpili ʻana o ke koko e alakaʻi i nā hopena hōʻike pololei ʻole.

Hiki i ka transfusion ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka hemoglobin S - ka protein i kumu iā SCD - i loko o ke koko. ʻO ke kanaka i hana i kahi transfusion hou i loaʻa i kahi hopena test cell sickle maʻamau, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā SCD.

He aha ka hana i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka maʻi pahū?

Pono kāu kauka i kahi laʻana koko e hoʻāʻo no SCD.

E kau kahi kahu a mea ʻenehana paha i kahi kāʻei elastik a puni kou lima luna e hoʻonui i ke aa koko me ke koko. A laila, e hoʻokomo mālie lākou i kahi nila i ke aa. E kahe maoli ke koko i loko o ka paipu e pili ana i ka nila.

Ke lawa ke koko no ka hoʻāʻo, e lawe ke kahu wahine a i ʻole ʻenehana ʻenehana i ka nila i waho a uhi i ka ʻeha kuʻi me kahi kapa.

Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nā kamaliʻi a ʻōpio paha, hoʻohana paha ke kahu hānai a i ʻole ʻenehana ʻenehana i kahi mea hana ʻoiʻoi i kapa ʻia he lancet e hou i ka ʻili ma ka kuʻekuʻe wāwae a i ʻole ka manamana lima. E hōʻiliʻili lākou i ke koko ma kahi pāheʻe a i ʻole ka papa hoʻāʻo.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka cell sickle kahi hōʻike koko maʻamau. Kākaʻikahi loa ka pilikia. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻālohilohi a mumule paha ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo, akā e haʻalele kēia mau ʻōuli ke noho ʻoe i lalo no kekahi mau minuke. Kōkua pū paha ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai māmā.

Loaʻa ka ʻeha puncture i kahi manawa liʻiliʻi e lilo i maʻi, akā ʻo ka swab waiona i hoʻohana ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua maʻamau ka mea e pale ai i kēia. E noi i kahi kaomi pumehana i ka pūnaewele inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i kahi ʻeha.

He aha ke ʻano o nā hopena hōʻike?

E ʻimi ana ka ʻenehana ʻenehana nāna e nānā i kāu hāpana koko i kahi ʻano hemoglobin maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo hemoglobin S. ʻO ka hemoglobin maʻamau kahi protein i lawe ʻia e RBCs. Hāpai ia i ka oxygen i loko o nā akemāmā a hāʻawi iā ia i nā aʻa a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o kou kino.

E like me nā protein āpau, aia ka "blueprint" no hemoglobin i kāu DNA. ʻO kēia nā mea e hana i kāu genes. Inā hoʻololi a hoʻololi ʻia paha kekahi o nā gen, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka hemoglobin. Hiki i kēlā hemoglobin mutated a i ʻole ʻokoʻa paha ke hana i nā RBC i ʻano like me ka pahi, e alakaʻi iā SCD.

Nānā wale kahi hoʻāʻo ʻāpana maʻi maʻi no ke kū ʻana o hemoglobin S, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka SCD. He mea maʻamau kahi hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ka manaʻo he maʻamau kāu hemoglobin. ʻO ka hopena o kahi hopena hōʻoia maikaʻi paha he ʻano maʻi ko kou sickle a i ʻole SCD.

Inā maikaʻi ka hōʻike, e kauoha paha kāu kauka i kahi hōʻike lua i kapa ʻia ʻo hemoglobin electrophoresis. E kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kāu ʻano loaʻa.

Inā hōʻike ka hōʻike iā ʻoe he ʻelua mau genes hemoglobin abnormal, e hana paha kāu kauka i kahi hōʻailona SCD. Inā hōʻike ka hōʻike iā ʻoe hoʻokahi wale nō o kēia mau genes ʻewa ʻole a ʻaʻohe hōʻailona, ​​e hana paha kāu kauka i ka hōʻoia o ke ʻano o ka cell illle.

He aha ka hana ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?

Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele iā ʻoe iho i ka home a hana i kāu hana maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā.

Hiki i kāu kauka a i ʻole ʻenehana ʻenehana ke haʻi iā ʻoe i ka wā e manaʻo ai i kāu hopena hopena. Ma muli o ka loli ʻana o nā kānana hānau hou e kēlā me kēia mokuʻāina, hiki i nā hopena a ʻelua pule paha no nā pēpē. No nā mākua, wikiwiki paha e like me hoʻokahi lā ʻoihana.

E hele pū kāu kauka me kāu mau hopena hōʻike. Inā hōʻike ka hōʻike iā ʻoe ke ʻano o ka cell sickle, kauoha paha lākou i nā hoʻokolohua hou aʻe ma mua o ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi hōʻailona.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hōʻailona o SCD, e hana pū kāu kauka me ʻoe e hoʻomohala i kahi papa hana e pono ai nāu.