Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona?
• He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi serum?
• He aha ke kumu?
• Pehea ia ʻike?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
• He aha ke kuanaʻike?

He aha ka maʻi serum?

ʻO ka maʻi serum kahi pane pale pale e like ia me ka hopena maʻi maʻi. Hana ia i ka manawa o nā antigens (nā mea e hoʻonāukiuki i kahi pane pale) i kekahi mau lāʻau a me nā antiserums e hana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale.

ʻO nā antigens i pili i ka maʻi serum he mau protein mai nā kumuwaiwai ʻole kanaka-maʻamau nā holoholona. Kuhi kou kino i kēia mau protein me he mea ʻino lā, e hoʻomaka ana i kahi pane pale e luku iā lākou. Ke hui pū ka ʻōnaehana pale pale me kēia mau protein, e hana pū nā mea pale pale (antigen a me nā hui pūpili). Hiki i kēia mau mea paʻakikī ke hui pū a noho i nā kīʻaha koko liʻiliʻi, a laila e alakaʻi i nā ʻōuli.

He aha nā hōʻailona?

Hoʻonui mau ka maʻi serum i loko o kekahi mau lā i ʻekolu mau pule o ka hōʻike ʻia i ka lāʻau a i ʻole antiserum, akā hiki ke hoʻomohala ʻia e like me hoʻokahi hola ma hope o ka hōʻike ʻana i kekahi poʻe.

ʻO nā hōʻailona nui ʻekolu o ka maʻi serum e komo pū me ke kuni, ka ʻūlū, a me nā hono pehu ʻeha.

Nā hōʻailona kūpono ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi serum me:

• hives
• ʻehaʻeha a me nāwaliwali
• ʻōhū palupalu
• ʻili hoʻoheheʻe
• nausea
• pāhoehoe
• ʻōpū ʻōpū
• ʻūlili
• ʻeha poʻo
• pehu helehelena
• ʻike hihi ʻole
• pokole o ka hanu
• pehu lymph node

He aha ke ʻano o ka maʻi serum?

ʻO ke ʻano o ka maʻi serum e like me ka maʻi serum, akā pili ia i kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka pale pale. ʻOi aku ka maʻamau ma mua o ka maʻi serum maoli a hiki ke hana ma ke ʻano he hopena i cefaclor (kahi antibiotic), nā lāʻau antiseizure, a me nā lāʻau ʻino ʻē aʻe, me ka penicillin.

Hoʻomaka ka hōʻailona o kahi maʻi maʻi e like me ka hopena i loko o hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau pule o ka hōʻike ʻana i kahi lāʻau hou a hoʻopili pū.

• hūwī
• ʻūlili
• fiva
• ʻeha pū
• manaʻo maikaʻi ʻole
• pehu helehelena

I mea e hoʻokaʻawale ai i waena o nā kūlana ʻelua, e hoʻomaka paha kāu kauka ma ka nānā ʻana i kāu ʻehu. ʻO kahi wīwī i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi serum e like me ka hopena he ʻūlū nui a hoʻomōhala i kahi kala like me ka ʻeha. Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke hoʻāʻo i kou koko no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā complexes immune. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia ʻano mole i kou koko, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka maʻi serum, ʻaʻole kahi maʻi maʻi e like me ka maʻi serum.

He aha ke kumu?

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka maʻi serum e nā protein nonhuman i loko o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mālama ʻana e hewa ai kou kino ma ke ʻano he mea ʻino, e hopena ai i kahi hopena pale.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano maʻamau o nā lāʻau e kumu ai ka maʻi serum ka antivenom. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia i ka poʻe i nahu ʻia e ka nahesa ʻawaʻawa. I loko o kahi o ʻelima mau noi a U.S., ʻo ka hōʻike i hōʻike ʻia o ka maʻi serum ma hope o ka mālama ʻana antivenom aia ma waena o 5 a 23 pākēneka.

ʻO nā kumu kūpono ʻē aʻe o ka maʻi serum me:

• Monoclonal antibody therapy. Hoʻohana pinepine kēia ʻano lapaʻau i nā mea ʻino mai nā ʻiole a me nā meheu ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e mālama i nā kūlana autoimmune, e like me rheumatoid arthritis a me psoriasis. Hoʻohana ʻia nō ia i kekahi mau ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai.
• Globulin anti-thymocyte. Loaʻa i kēia maʻamau nā mea ʻāpala mai nā lāpaki a mau lio paha. Hoʻohana ʻia ia e pale ai i ka hōʻole ʻana o nā ʻokana i nā poʻe i loaʻa hou i kahi transplant kidney.
• Pī ʻī hū. He koho ʻē aʻe kēia a kōkua hoʻi no nā kūlana hoʻāla a me ka ʻeha mau.

Pehea ia ʻike?

E kuhikuhi i ka maʻi serum, makemake kāu kauka e ʻike i nā ʻōuli āu i loaʻa ai a i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai. E hōʻoia e haʻi iā lākou e pili ana i nā lāʻau hou āu i lawe ai.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hū, hoʻomaka paha lākou i ka hana ʻana i kahi biopsy, e pili ana i ka lawe ʻana i kahi mea kiko liʻiliʻi mai ka hū a nānā aku ma lalo o kahi microscope. Kōkua kēia iā lākou e kāpae i nā kumu kūpono ʻē aʻe o kou ākea.

Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻiliʻili i kahi laʻana koko a me kahi mimi e hoʻāʻo no nā hōʻailona o ke ʻano kumu e hānai nei i kāu mau ʻōuli.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

Hoʻoholo pinepine ka maʻi serum iā ia iho ke kū ʻole ʻoe i ka lāʻau i hana i ka hopena.

I kēia manawa, hōʻike paha kāu kauka i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i kāu mau ʻōuli.

• nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, e like me ibuprofen (Advil), e hoʻēmi i ke kuni, ka ʻeha pū, a me ka mumū
• antihistamines e kōkua i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka hū a me ka makaʻu
• nā steroid, e like me prednisone, no nā ʻōuli ʻoi loa

I nā hihia kakaikahi, pono ʻoe i kahi pānaʻi plasma.

He aha ke kuanaʻike?

ʻOiai hiki ke kumu i nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, hele ka maʻi serum iā ia iho i loko o hoʻokahi pule a ʻeono pule. Inā ua lawe koke ʻoe i ka lāʻau i loko o nā protein nonhuman a ke loaʻa nei nā hōʻailona, ​​e hoʻokaʻaʻike koke aku i kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua e hōʻoia inā loaʻa ʻoe i ka maʻi serum a hoʻomaka ʻoe i ka lāʻau e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i kāu mau ʻōuli.