He aha ka hypertensive retinopathy a he aha nā hōʻailona

Anter

• Hoʻokaʻina
• Nā ʻano o retinopathy hypertensive a me nā hōʻailona e pili ana
• 1. Retinopathy hypertensive maʻi
• 2. Retinopathy hypertensive malignant
• He aha ke kuhi
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka hypertensive retinopathy e kahi hui o nā loli i ka waihona kālā, e like me nā aʻa retina, nā aʻa a me nā aʻalolo, i kumu ʻia e ka hypertension arterial. ʻO ka retina kahi kūkulu i waiho ʻia ma ka hope o ka peʻa maka a he hana no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka stimulus light i stimulus nerve, e ʻae ai i ka ʻike.

ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau hoʻololi i hoʻololi ʻia i ka retina, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia nā hoʻololi ʻelua i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe ma ka choroid a me ke aʻalolo optic.

Hoʻokaʻina

E pili ana i ka hypertensive retinopathy, pili wale ʻia me ka hypertension, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ia i kekelē.

• Papa 0: ʻaʻohe hoʻololi kino;
• Papa 1: kūlou ka arteriolar;
• Papa 2: kaha kaha ʻia arteriolar me nā mea i kū ʻole i ke alo;
• Papa 3: like me ka papa 2, akā me nā hemorrhages retina a me / a i ʻole exudates;
• Papa 4: like me ka papa 3, akā me ka pehu o ka diski.

Nā ʻano o retinopathy hypertensive a me nā hōʻailona e pili ana

Hiki ke hoʻomau i ka retinopathy hypertensive, inā pili me ka hypertension mau, a i ʻole ke kūpikipiki, inā pili pū me ka hypertension arterial malignant.

1. Retinopathy hypertensive maʻi

ʻO ka maʻamau asymptomat a ʻike ʻia i ka poʻe me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, kahi e hōʻike ʻia ai ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka arteriolar, kahi hoʻololi i ka reflex arteriolar, kahi hōʻailona keʻa arteriovenous, kahi e hele ai ke aʻa ma mua i ka aa. ʻOiai he kākaʻikahi, nā ʻōuli a me nā ʻōuli e like me retinal hemorrhages, microaneurysms a me nā ʻōuli o ke aʻa koko i kekahi manawa.

2. Retinopathy hypertensive malignant

Hoʻopili ʻia ka retinopathy hypertensive malignant me ka piʻi koke o ke kahe o ke koko, me nā koina systolic pressure pressure i ʻoi aku ma mua o 200 mmHg a me nā diastolic pressure pressure pressure i ʻoi aku ma mua o 140 mmHg, e hana ana i nā pilikia ʻaʻole wale ma ka pae maka, akā ma ka puʻuwai pū kekahi. , nā pae renal a me ka cerebral.

ʻAʻole like me ka retinopathy hypertensive mau, ʻo ia ka asymptomat, pili pinepine ka hypertensive retinopathy me ka headache, ʻike maka ʻole, ʻike lua a me ke ʻano o kahi kiko ʻeleʻele i ka maka. Hoʻohui ʻia, nā loli o ka pigmentation i ka maka, edema macular a me ka neuroepithelial detachment mai ka ʻāpana macular a me ka edema papillary edema i loko o kēia ʻano retinopathy, me nā hemorrhages a me nā kiko.

He aha ke kuhi

ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o retinopathy hypertensive i hana ʻia e fundcopy, kahi hōʻike ia e hiki ai i ka ophthalmologist ke nānā i ka waihona o ka maka holoʻokoʻa a me nā kūkulu o ka retina, me ke kōkua o kahi mea i kapa ʻia he ophthalmoscope, a manaʻo e ʻike i nā loli i kēia wahi e hōʻino paha i ka hihiʻo. E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia hōʻike.

Fluorescein angiography hiki ke hoʻohana pū ʻia, kahi mea maʻamau wale nō i nā hihia atypical a i ʻole e kāpae i ka ʻike o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

ʻAʻole koi ka retinopathy maʻi i ka mālama ʻana i ka maka. Kū ka pono no ka mālama ʻana i ka ophthalmic ke kū mai nā pilikia ma ka retina.

Ma ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo retinopathy hypertensive malignant kahi pilikia olakino. I kēia mau hihia, pono e hoʻokō i ka kaohi o ke kaomi koko i kahi ʻano kūpono a kāohi ʻia, i mea e pale aku ai i nā hōʻeha hiki ʻole ke hoʻohuli ʻia. Ma hope o ka lanakila ʻana o ka pilikia kiʻekiʻe hypertension, loaʻa pinepine ka hihi, hapa a hapa paha.