Phenylalanine: nā pono, nā ʻaoʻao a me nā kumuwaiwai

Anter

• He aha ʻo Phenylalanine?
• He mea nui ia no ka hana maʻamau o kou Kino
• Hiki ke kōkua ʻia no kekahi mau ʻano olakino
• Nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao
• Mea kiʻekiʻe nā meaʻai ma Phenylalanine
• Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO Phenylalanine kahi waikawa amino i loaʻa i loko o nā meaʻai he nui a hoʻohana ʻia e kou kino e hana i nā protein a me nā mole nui ʻē aʻe.

Ua aʻo ʻia no nā hopena ma ke kaumaha, ka ʻeha a me nā maʻi o ka ʻili.

ʻ tellslelo kēia ʻatikala iā ʻoe i nā mea āpau āu e ʻike ai e pili ana i ka phenylalanine, me nā pono, nā hopena a me nā kumuwaiwai.

He aha ʻo Phenylalanine?

ʻO Phenylalanine kahi amino acid, nā mea kūkulu i nā protein i kou kino.

Aia kēia mole i nā ʻano ʻelua a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻonohonoho ʻana: L-phenylalanine a me D-phenylalanine. ʻAneʻane like lākou akā loaʻa kahi ʻano mole mole ʻokoʻa ().

Loaʻa ka L-form i nā meaʻai a hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā protein i kou kino, ʻoiai hiki ke synthesize ʻia ka D-form no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau noi olakino (2, 3).

ʻAʻole hiki i kou kino ke hoʻohua pono iā L-phenylalanine nona iho, no laila ua manaʻo ʻia ia he amino acid pono e pono e loaʻa ma o kāu papaʻai (4).

ʻIke ʻia i nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole - nā mea kanu a me nā kumu holoholona ().

Ma waho aʻe o kāna kuleana i ka hana protein, hoʻohana ʻia ka phenylalanine e hana i nā molekiʻi nui ʻē aʻe i kou kino, a hoʻouna kekahi mau mea i nā hōʻailona ma waena o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kou kino ().

Ua aʻo ʻia ʻo Phenylalanine ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau no kekahi mau ʻano olakino, e like me nā maʻi o ka ʻili, kaumaha a me ka ʻeha (3).

Eia nō naʻe, he mea weliweli ia no ka poʻe me ka maʻi genethe phenylketonuria (PKU) (7).

ʻO Phenylalanine kahi amino acid pono e hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā protein a me nā mole hōʻailona. Ua aʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no nā kūlana olakino he nui akā weliweli ia no ka poʻe me kahi maʻi genetical kikoʻī.

He mea nui ia no ka hana maʻamau o kou Kino

Pono kou kino i ka phenylalanine a me nā amino acid ʻē aʻe e hana i nā protein.

ʻIke ʻia nā proteins nui i kou lolo, ke koko, nā mākala, nā mea o loko a ʻaneʻane i nā wahi āpau o kou kino.

He aha hou aʻe, phenylalanine koʻikoʻi no ka hana ʻana o nā mole ʻē aʻe, me (3):

• Tyrosine: Hana pololei ʻia kēia amino acid mai phenylalanine. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā polokina hou a i hoʻohuli ʻia i mau molekika ʻē aʻe ma kēia papa inoa (,).
• Epinephrine a me norepinephrine: Ke kū ʻoe i ke koʻikoʻi, pono kēia mau molemole i ka pane "hakakā a lele" paha o kou kino ().
• ʻO Dopamine: Pili kēia mole i nā manaʻo leʻaleʻa i kou lolo, a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā hoʻomanaʻo a me nā mākau aʻo ().

ʻO nā pilikia me nā hana maʻamau o kēia mau molekiʻi ke kumu i nā hopena olakino maikaʻi ʻole (,).

ʻOiai hoʻohana ʻia ka phenylalanine e hana i kēia mau mole i kou kino, ua aʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano he lapaʻau kūpono no kekahi mau ʻano, e like me ke kaumaha ().

Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Phenylalanine i ka amino acid tyrosine, a laila hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā mole hōʻailona hōʻailona nui. Pili kēia mau mole i nā ʻano o ka hana maʻamau o kou kino, me kou naʻau a me nā pane koʻikoʻi.

Hiki ke kōkua ʻia no kekahi mau ʻano olakino

Ua nānā ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi inā pono paha ka phenylalanine i ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana olakino.

Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi noiʻi e maikaʻi paha i ka mālama ʻana i ka vitiligo, kahi maʻi o ka ʻili e lilo ai ke kala o ka ʻili a me ka blotching ().

Ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau noiʻi ʻē aʻe i ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili phenylalanine i ultraviolet (UV) mālamalama ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pigmentation o ka ʻili i kēlā me kēia kanaka me kēia ʻano (,).

Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka Phenylalanine e hana i ka moleola dopamine. Pili pū ʻia ka hana ʻole Dopamine ma ka lolo me kekahi ʻano o ke kaumaha (,).

Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi haʻawina liʻiliʻi he 12 mau mea i kahi pōmaikaʻi kūpono o ka huikau o nā ʻano D a me L o kēia amino acid no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaumaha, me 2/3 o nā maʻi e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ().

Eia nō naʻe, aia ke kākoʻo liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe no nā hopena o phenylalanine i ke kaumaha, a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā noiʻi ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi maopopo (,,).

Ma waho o ka vitiligo a me ke kaumaha, ua aʻo ʻia ʻo phenylalanine no nā hopena e hiki ke loaʻa ma:

• ʻEha: Hiki i ke ʻano D o ka phenylalanine ke kōkua i ka hōʻeha ʻeha i kekahi mau hanana, ʻoiai ua huikau nā hopena o ka noiʻi (2,,,).
• ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana i ka wai ʻona: Kuhi kahi noiʻi liʻiliʻi e hōʻike ana kēia amino acid, me nā amino acid ʻē aʻe, hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā ʻōuli o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka ʻalekohola.
• Maʻi ʻo Parkinson: Hōʻike nā palena palena nui loa e pono paha ka phenylalanine i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi o Parkinson, akā pono nā aʻo hou aku ().
• ADHD: I kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka noiʻi i nā pōmaikaʻi o kēia amino acid no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi hyperactivity deficit attention (ADHD) (,).

Hiki ke hoʻohana pono ʻo Phenylalanine i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi vitiligo o ka ʻili. ʻAʻole hāʻawi ka hōʻike i ke kākoʻo ikaika no ka pono o kēia amino acid i ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ua mālama ʻia kahi noiʻi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.

Nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao

ʻIke ʻia ʻo Phenylalanine i loko o nā meaʻai he nui nā protein a "ʻike ʻia he palekana" e ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (27).

ʻO ka nui o kēia amino acid i loaʻa i nā meaʻai ʻaʻole pono e hoʻoweliweli i nā kānaka olakino ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka mea hou aku, ʻike ʻia a liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻohe paha nā hopena ʻaoʻao ma nā hāpana hoʻohui o 23-45 mg i ka paona (50-100 mg per kg) o ke kaumaha o ke kino (,).

Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi no nā wahine hāpai e hōʻalo i ka lawe ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili phenylalanine.

Hoʻohui ʻia, aia kekahi mea ʻokoʻa loa i ka palekana laulā o kēia amino acid.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka me ka phenylketonuria (PKU) ke hana pono i ka phenylalanine. Loaʻa paha iā lākou nā kukuna o phenylalanine i loko o ko lākou koko 400 mau manawa ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka poʻe me PKU (3, 7).

ʻO kēia mau kuko kiʻekiʻe weliweli hiki ke hōʻeha i ka lolo a me ke kīnā ʻole o ka ʻike, a me nā pilikia me ka lawe ʻana o nā amino acid ʻē aʻe i ka lolo (7,).

Ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi o kēia maʻi, nānā pinepine ʻia nā pēpē no PKU ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana.

Kau ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka me PKU ma kahi papaʻai protein haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kūikawā, i mālama mau ʻia no ke ola (7).

Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Phenylalanine palekana i nā nui i loaʻa i nā meaʻai maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka me ka phenylketonuria maʻi (PKU) ke hoʻopili i kēia amino acid a pono e hoʻēmi i ka ʻai ma muli o nā hopena olakino koʻikoʻi.

Mea kiʻekiʻe nā meaʻai ma Phenylalanine

Nui nā meaʻai i loko o phenylalanine, me nā mea kanu a me nā huahana holoholona.

ʻO nā huahana soy kekahi o nā kumu kanu maikaʻi loa o kēia amino acid, a me kekahi mau ʻanoʻano a me nā nati, me nā soybeans, nā hua ʻumeke a me nā hua pala ().

Hiki i nā mea hoʻopihapiha Soy protein ke hāʻawi ma kahi o 2.5 gram o ka phenylalanine no 200-calorie lawelawe (, 29).

No nā huahana holoholona, ​​nā hua manu, nā iʻa iʻa a me kekahi mau meaʻai he waiwai maikaʻi, e hāʻawi ana i 2-3 mau gram i kēlā me kēia 200-calorie lawelawe (, 29).

Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe e koho kikoʻī i nā meaʻai e pili ana i ka ʻike phenylalanine kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai like ʻole protein i loko o ka lā e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā phenylalanine āpau āu e pono ai, me nā amino acid ʻē aʻe.

Nui nā meaʻai, e like me nā huahana soy, nā hua manu, nā iʻa iʻa a me nā ʻiʻo, i loaʻa ka phenylalanine. ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai like ʻole protein i loko o ka lā e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i nā amino acid āpau e pono ai i kou kino, me ka phenylalanine.

Ka Laina Lalo

ʻO Phenylalanine kahi amino acid pono i loaʻa i nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona.

Loaʻa paha iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi no ka maʻi ʻo vitiligo, akā ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana i nā hopena o ke kaumaha, ʻeha a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe he kau palena ia.

Manaʻo ʻia he palekana, akā ʻo ka poʻe me ka phenylketonuria (PKU) e ʻike paha i nā hopena ʻaoʻao weliweli.