Nā hōʻoki waha

Anter

• Nā ʻano o nā maʻi ʻoki waha
• Nā kumu weliweli no ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha
• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?
• He aha nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?
• Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?
• ʻOki kino
• Lapaʻau hoʻomākala
• ʻO Chemotherapy
• Pahuhopu kau ʻia
• Meaʻai kūpono
• Ka mālama ʻana i kou waha me ke olakino
• Loaʻa hou mai ka lāʻau ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha
• Hana hou a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha
• Outlook

Hōʻike Overview

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomohala i nā aʻa o ka waha a me ka puʻu. Pili ia i kahi hui nui o nā maʻi ʻino i kapa ʻia he maʻi poʻo a me nā ʻāʻī. ʻO ka hapanui e hoʻomohala i nā hunaola squamous i loaʻa i kou waha, elelo, a me nā lehelehe.

Ma mua o 49,000 mau hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e ʻike ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma United States, e ʻike pinepine ʻia i nā poʻe ma mua o 40 mau makahiki. ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā maʻi ʻōpū waha ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā lymph node o ka ʻāʻī. ʻO ke ʻike mua ke kī i ke ola ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha. E aʻo e pili ana i ka mea e hāpai ai i kou makaʻala, kona mau pae, a me nā mea hou aʻe.

Nā ʻano o nā maʻi ʻoki waha

Loaʻa i nā maʻi ʻōpū waha nā maʻi ʻaʻai o ka:

• lehelehe
• alelo
• ka pale o loko o ka papalina
• gums
• papahele o ka waha
• ʻo ka palate paʻakikī a palupalu hoʻi

ʻO kāu kauka niho ka mea mālama ola mua e ʻike i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha. Hiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hōʻoia niho biannual ke mālama i kāu kauka niho i ke ola o kou waha.

Nā kumu weliweli no ka ulu ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu pilikia nui no ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia i ka puhipaka, nā cika, a me nā paipu, a me ka nau ʻana i ka paka.

ʻO ka poʻe e ʻai nui i ka waiʻona a me ka paka, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makaʻu, keu hoʻi ke hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana ʻelua i ka manawa mau.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili pū me:

• maʻi papillomavirus kanaka (HPV) maʻi
• pale lā maka alo mau
• kahi hōʻike mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha
• kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka waha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai
• ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali
• ʻai maikaʻi ʻole
• nā genetona genetika
• he kāne

ʻElua mau manawa ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e nā kāne ma mua o ka wahine.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha me:

• ʻeha ma kou lehelehe a waha paha e hoʻōla ʻole
• kahi nuipaʻa a ulu ulu paha i kou waha
• kahe ana kou waha
• niho leʻa
• ʻeha a paʻakikī paha i ka ale ʻana
• pilikia e kau ana i nā niho niho
• he puʻupuʻu i kou ʻāʻī
• ʻeha pepeiao ʻaʻole e hele
• emi kaumaha kaumaha
• lalo lehelehe, helehelena, ʻāʻī, a miko ʻole ka ʻūlū
• keʻokeʻo, ʻulaʻula a me keʻokeʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻulaʻula i loko o kou waha a i ʻole mau lehelehe
• e 'eha puʻu
• ʻeha o ka ʻāʻī a ʻoʻoleʻa
• ʻeha alelo

ʻO kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli, e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻeha a ʻeha paha ka pepeiao, e hōʻike paha i nā kūlana ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi o kēia mau ʻōuli, keu hoʻi inā ʻaʻole lākou e hele a i ʻole ʻoi aku iā ʻoe ma mua o hoʻokahi i ka manawa hoʻokahi, e kipa koke aku i kāu kauka niho. E ʻike pehea ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha ma aneʻi.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?

ʻO ka mea mua, e hana kāu kauka a kauka niho paha i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Hoʻopili kēia me ka nānā pono ʻana i ka kaupaku a me ka papahele o kou waha, ke kua o kou ʻāʻī, ke alelo, a me nā papalina, a me nā lymph node i kou ʻāʻī. Inā ʻaʻole hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻoholo i ke kumu o kāu loaʻa ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​e lawe ʻia ʻoe i ka loea, ka ihu, a me ka ʻāʻī (ENT) loea.

Inā loaʻa i kāu kauka kekahi tumors, ulu, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻoki kānalua, e hana lākou i kahi biopsy palaki a i ʻole kahi biopsy kiko. ʻO kahi biopsy palaki kahi hōʻike ʻeha ʻole e hōʻiliʻili i nā hunaola mai ka tumo ma ka palaki ʻana iā lākou i kahi slide. Hoʻopili kahi biopsy kiko i ka lawe ʻana i kahi ʻāpana o ke kiko i hiki ke nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope no nā hunaola maʻi maʻi.

Hoʻohui, hana paha kāu kauka i hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā hōʻike aʻe:

• ʻIke ʻia nā kukuna X inā ua hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i ka iwi ā, ka umauma, a i ʻole nā ​​ake māmā
• kahi CT scan e hōʻike i nā tumors i kou waha, ʻāʻī, ʻāʻī, akemāmā, a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻē aʻe o kou kino
• kahi PET scan e hoʻoholo inā ua hele ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe
• kahi MRI scan e hōʻike i kahi kiʻi ʻoi aku ka pololei o ke poʻo a me ka ʻāʻī, a hoʻoholo i ka nui a i ʻole ke pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• kahi endoscopy e nānā i nā ala ihu, nā hewa, ka ʻāʻī o loko, ka makani, a me ka trachea

He aha nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?

ʻEhā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha.

• Kahua 1: ʻO ka tumo he 2 mau kenimika (cm) a ʻoi iki paha, a ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node.
• Kahua 2: Aia ka tumo ma waena o 2-4 cm, a ʻaʻole hoʻolaha ʻia nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i nā pūnana lymph.
• Kahua 3: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 4 cm a ʻaʻole i pālahalaha ʻia i nā lymph node, a i ʻole kekahi nui a pālahalaha ʻia i hoʻokahi lymph node, akā ʻaʻole naʻe i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.
• Kahua 4: ʻO nā tumors kekahi nui a ua pāhola nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i nā mea kokoke, nā lymph node, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Wahi a ka National Cancer Institute, ʻo nā helu ola ʻelima mau makahiki no ka ʻōpū waha a me nā maʻi ʻaʻai pharynx penei:

• 83 pakeneka, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai kūloko (ʻaʻole pālahalaha)
• 64 pakeneka, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻolaha ʻia i nā lymph node kokoke
• 38 pakeneka, no ka maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻolaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino

Ma ka hapanui, 60 pakeneka o nā kānaka āpau me ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e ola no ʻelima mau makahiki a ʻoi. ʻO ka pae ma mua i ke kuhi, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ke kūlana o ke ola ma hope o ka lapaʻau. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ke ola he ʻelima mau makahiki o ke ola ʻana o ka poʻe i loaʻa i nā maʻi ʻaʻai waha 1 a 2 paha he 70 a 90 paha ka pākēneka. Hoʻomaopopo kēia i ka manawa kūpono a me ka mālama ʻana i nā mea āpau āpau.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha?

E loli ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha e pili ana i ka ʻano, ka wahi, a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka hōʻoia ʻana.

ʻOki kino

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana no nā pae mua e pili pinepine i ka ʻoki e wehe i ka tumo a me nā lymph node maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻohui ʻia, lawe ʻia aku nā mea ʻē aʻe a puni ka waha a me ka ʻāʻī i waho.

Lapaʻau hoʻomākala

ʻO ka radiation radiation kekahi koho ʻē aʻe. Hoʻopili kēia i ke kauka e kuhikuhi i nā kaola radiation i ka tumelo hoʻokahi a ʻelua mau manawa i ka lā, ʻelima mau lā i ka pule, no ʻelua a ʻewalu mau pule. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana no nā pae holomua e hoʻopili maʻamau i ka hui pū ʻana o chemotherapy a me radiation therapy.

ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lapaʻau me nā lāʻau e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. Hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau iā ʻoe ma ka waha a i ʻole ma o ka laina intravenous (IV). Loaʻa ka hapanui o ka poʻe i ka chemotherapy ma kahi kumu o waho, ʻoiai e koi ana kekahi i ka haukapila.

Pahuhopu kau ʻia

ʻO ka therapy target kekahi ʻano lapaʻau hou aʻe. Hiki ke maikaʻi i nā mahele mua a me nā pae o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hoʻopili nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i nā proteine ​​kikoʻī ma nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a hoʻopilikia i ko lākou ulu ʻana.

Meaʻai kūpono

ʻO ka meaʻai ka mea nui i kou mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha. He paʻakikī a hōʻeha paha ka nui o nā mālama ʻana i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka ale ʻana, a ʻo ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻole a me ka pohō kaumaha ka mea maʻamau. E hōʻoia e kūkā kamaʻilio me kāu kauka.

ʻO ke kiʻi ʻana i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kahi mea hānai hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻolālā i kahi papa ʻaina e ʻoluʻolu ma kou waha a me kou puʻu, a e hāʻawi i kou kino me nā calories, nā wikamina, a me nā minelala e pono ai e hoʻōla.

Ka mālama ʻana i kou waha me ke olakino

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i kou waha i ke olakino i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa. E mālama pono i kou waha a me ka maʻemaʻe o kou mau niho a me nā niho.

Loaʻa hou mai ka lāʻau ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha

E loli ke ola ʻana mai kēlā me kēia ʻano lapaʻau. Hiki i nā hōʻailona Posturgery ke hoʻopili i ka ʻeha a me ka pehu ʻana, akā ʻo ka hemo ʻana i nā tumors liʻiliʻi ʻaʻohe ona pilikia pili lōʻihi.

ʻO ka hemo ʻana o nā tumors nui aʻe hiki ke hoʻopili i kou hiki ke nau, ʻānai, a kamaʻilio e like me kāu i hana ai ma mua o ka ʻoki. Pono paha ʻoe e hana hou i ke ʻoki hou e kūkulu hou i nā iwi a me nā mea i loko o kou alo i wehe ʻia i ke kahakaha ʻana.

Hiki i ka radiation radiation ke hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ke kino. ʻO kekahi o nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ka pāhawewe pū:

• he ʻeha ʻeha a waha paha
• waha maloʻo a me ka nalo ʻana o ka hana gland salivary
• palaho niho
• nausea a me ka luaʻi
• ʻeha a ʻeha paha
• nā maʻi ʻili a me ka waha
• ʻoʻoleʻa a ʻeha
• nā pilikia e kau ana i nā niho niho
• luhi
• kahi hoʻololi i kou hiki ke ʻono a honi
• nā hoʻololi i kou ʻili, e like me ka maloʻo a me ke ahi
• Kaumaha emi
• loli ka thyroid

Hiki i nā lāʻau Chemotherapy ke lilo i mea ʻino i nā pūnaewele noncancerous e ulu wikiwiki nei. Hiki i kēia ke kumu i nā hopena ʻē aʻe e like me:

• poho lauoho
• ʻehaʻeha ka waha a me ka gum
• kahe ana ka waha i ka waha
• anemia koʻikoʻi
• nāwaliwali
• ʻai ʻilihune
• nausea
• ka luaʻi
• pāhoehoe
• ʻeha ka waha a me ka lehelehe
• ʻōlohelohe i nā lima a me nā wāwae

ʻO ka hoʻōla hou ʻana mai nā therapies i hoʻolālā ʻia he minimal. Hiki i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kēia lapaʻau ke:

• fiva
• ʻeha poʻo
• ka luaʻi
• pāhoehoe
• kahi hopena maʻi ʻaʻano
• huʻi ʻili

ʻOiai he hopena ʻē aʻe kēia mau lapaʻau, pono pinepine lākou i ka hahau ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E kūkākūkā kāu kauka i nā hopena a kōkua iā ʻoe e kaupaona i nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o kāu koho lapaʻau.

Hana hou a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai waha

ʻO ka poʻe i ʻike ʻia me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻoi loa e pono paha i kahi ʻoki hou a me kekahi rehabilitation e kōkua me ka ʻai ʻana a me ka ʻōlelo ʻana i ka wā o ke ola.

Hiki i ke kūkulu hou ʻana ke hoʻopili i nā implants niho a i ʻole nā ​​grafts e hoʻoponopono i nā iwi i nalowale a me nā aʻa i ka waha a i ʻole ke alo. Hoʻohana ʻia nā pāheʻe hana e pani i nā kiko o nā nalo a i ʻole nā ​​niho.

Pono pono ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana no nā hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai nui. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ke olakino haʻi ʻōlelo mai kou manawa e puka ai i waho o ke kaha a hiki i ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa o ka hoʻomaikaʻi.

Outlook

ʻO ka nānā ʻana no nā maʻi maʻi waha e pili ana i ka ʻano kikoʻī a me ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka hōʻoia. Aia nō ia i kou olakino laulā, kou mau makahiki, a me kou ahonui a me ka pane ʻana i ka lāʻau. He mea koʻikoʻi ke kuhi mua no ka mea ʻo ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai 1 a pae 2 paha ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻana a loaʻa ka manawa kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau kūleʻa.

Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, makemake kāu kauka iā ʻoe e kiʻi pinepine i nā hōʻoia e hōʻoia i kou ola ʻana. ʻO kāu nānā ʻana e maʻa mau i nā hoʻokolohua kino, nā hoʻokolohua koko, nā X-ray, a me nā scans CT. E nānā pono me kāu kauka niho a i ʻole oncologist inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea ma waho o ka maʻamau.