He aha nā helu Prognosis a me Survival no Melanoma e ka pae?

Anter

• Nā kiko kī
• He aha ka melanoma?
• Pehea ka melanoma i hoʻokumu ʻia ai?
• Kahua 0
• Kahua 1
• Kahua 2
• Kahua 3
• Kahua 4
• Nā helu ola
• E hoʻolalelale

Nā kiko kī

• Aia ʻelima pae o ka melanoma mai ka pae 0 a i ka pae 4.
• ʻO nā helu ola ke kuhi wale ʻia a ʻaʻole hoʻoholo hope loa i ka wānana kikoʻī o kēlā me kēia.
• Hoʻonui nui ka hōʻike mua i nā helu ola.

He aha ka melanoma?

ʻO Melanoma kahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i loko o nā ʻili o ka ʻili e hana i ka melanin pigment. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Melanoma ma ke ʻano he mole pouli i ka ʻili. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hana i nāʻiʻo ʻē aʻe, e like me ka maka a me ka waha.

He mea nui ka nānā ʻana i nā mole a me nā hoʻololi i kou ʻili, ʻoiai hiki i ka melanoma ke lilo i mea make ke laha. Ua ʻoi aku ka nui o nā make ma mua o 10,000 mai melanoma i United States i 2016.

Pehea ka melanoma i hoʻokumu ʻia ai?

Hāʻawi ʻia nā pae Melanoma e hoʻohana ana i ka ʻōnaehana TNM.

Hōʻike ke kahua o ka maʻi i ka holomua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e ka lawe ʻana i ka nui o ka tumo, inā paha e pāhola ʻia i nā lymph node, a inā paha e pāhola ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Hiki i ke kauka ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi melanoma hiki i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolohua kino a hōʻoia i ka ʻike me kahi biopsy, kahi e hemo ai kaʻiʻo e hoʻoholo inā he maʻi ʻaʻai ia.

Akā ʻoi aku ka ʻenehana loea hou, e like me ka scan PET a me nā biopsies lymph node sentinel, pono e hoʻoholo i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole pehea ka holomua.

Aia he ʻelima pae o ka melanoma. Ua kapa ʻia ka pae mua ke kahua 0, a i ʻole melanoma ma kahi. Kāhea ʻia ka pae hope loa ma ke kahua pae 4. Hoʻoemi ke ola a me nā pae hope o melanoma.

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i nā helu ola no kēlā me kēia pae he kuhi wale nō. ʻOkoʻa kēlā me kēia kanaka me ka melanoma, a hiki i kou nānā ke ʻokoʻa ma muli o nā ʻano like ʻole.

Kahua 0

Kapa ʻia ke kahua 0 melanoma ʻo melanoma ma kahi. ʻO kēia ke ʻano o kekahi o kou kino i kekahi melanocytes ʻokoʻa. ʻO Melanocytes nā hunaola e hoʻohua i ka melanin, ʻo ia ka mea e hoʻohui i ka pigment i ka ʻili.

I kēia manawa, hiki i nā hunaola ke lilo i maʻi ʻaʻai, akā he mau huna maʻamau wale ia i ka papa luna o kou ʻili.

ʻO ka melanoma ma kahi e like paha me ka mole liʻiliʻi. ʻOiai paha he mea ʻole lākou, pono e loiloi ʻia nā māka hou a kānalua paha i kou ʻili e kahi dermatologist.

Kahua 1

I ke kahua, piʻi ka tumo a 2 mm o ka mānoanoa. Ua ulcerated paha ia, e hōʻike ana inā ua haki ka tumo ma o ka ʻili. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a i ʻole i nā ʻaoʻao mamao o ke kino.

No ka pae 0 a me ka pae 1, ʻo ka ʻoki kino ka lāʻau nui. No ka pae 1, e koi ʻia kahi biopsy sentinel node i kekahi mau hihia.

Kahua 2

ʻO ka pae 2 melanoma ʻoi aku ka nui o ka tumo ma mua o 1 mm o ka mānoanoa a nui a i ʻole ua ulu hohonu i loko o ka ʻili. Ua ulcerated paha ʻaʻole ulcerated. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā lymph node a i ʻole i nā ʻaoʻao mamao o ke kino.

ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ke tumo maʻi ʻaʻai ka ʻōnaehana lapaʻau maʻamau. Hiki paha i ke kauka ke kauoha aku i kahi biopsy lymph node sentinel e hoʻoholo i ka holomua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Kahua 3

I kēia manawa, ʻuʻuku a nui aku paha ka tumo. I ke kahua 3 melanoma, ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i ka ʻōnaehana lymph. ʻAʻole i pālahalaha ʻia i nā ʻaoʻao mamao o ke kino.

ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hemo ai nā aʻa maʻi maʻi a me nā lymph node hiki. ʻO ka radiation radiation a me ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe kekahi i mālama pinepine ʻia i ka pae 3.

Kahua 4

ʻO ke kahua 4 melanoma ʻo ia ka maʻi i pālahalaha ʻia i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e like me nā akemāmā, lolo, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe a me nā meaola.

Ua pālahalaha paha i nā lymph nodes i kahi mamao loa mai ka tumo kumu. ʻO ka pae 4 melanoma he paʻakikī pinepine e hōʻola me nā mālama o kēia wā.

ʻO ke kaha, radiation, immunotherapy, hoʻomōhala hoʻomōhala a me chemotherapy nā koho no ka mālama ʻana i ke kahua melanoma 4. E paipai ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolokolo.

Nā helu ola

ʻO nā helu ola 5 mau makahiki no melanoma, e like me ka American Cancer Society:

• Kūloko (ʻaʻole pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma ʻō aku o kahi i hoʻomaka ai): 99 pakeneka
• ʻĀpana (ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai kokoke / i nā lymph node): 65 pakeneka
• ʻO Distant (ua pālahalaha ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino): 25 pākēneka

Hōʻike ka helu ola 5 mau makahiki i nā mea maʻi i noho ma 5 mau makahiki ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia.

Nā kumu i hiki ke hoʻopili i nā helu ola:

• nā hanana hou i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai
• ke ʻano o ke kanaka a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa
• pane a ke kanaka i ka lapaʻau

E hoʻolalelale

I kona wā mua, he kūlana hiki ke mālama ʻia ka melanoma. Akā pono e ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai a mālama wikiwiki ʻia.

Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi mole hou a i ʻole kahi māka kānalua i kou ʻili, e loiloi koke i kahi dermatologist. Inā hoʻonāwaliwali kahi ʻano e like me HIV i kāu ʻōnaehana pale, ʻo ka nānā ʻana he mea nui ia.

ʻO kekahi o nā ala maikaʻi e hōʻalo ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili ka pale ʻana i ka pale o ka lā i nā manawa āpau. ʻO ke komo ʻana i nā lole pale i ka lā, e like me nā pālule pale lā, kōkua pū kekahi.

He mea nui e hoʻomaʻamaʻa iā ʻoe iho me ka hana ABCDE, hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoholo inā he maʻi ʻaʻai ka mole.