ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau ʻole pili ʻole

Anter

• He aha nā maʻi noncommicable maʻamau?
• Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai
• Kanesa
• Maʻi hanu maʻi
• Diabetes
• ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau ʻole pili ʻole
• Ke laina lalo

He aha kahi maʻi maʻi ʻole?

ʻO kahi maʻi noncommunicable kahi maʻi olakino noninfectious i hiki ʻole ke hoʻolaha ʻia mai kekahi kanaka i kekahi kanaka. Lōʻihi nō ia no ka manawa lōʻihi. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he maʻi maʻi mau.

ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā genetical, physiological, lifestyle, a me nā mea pili i ke kaiaulu hiki ke kumu i kēia mau maʻi. ʻO kekahi mau kumu pilikia e pili pū me:

• papaʻai maikaʻi ʻole
• nele i ka hoʻoikaika kino
• puhipaka a me ka uahi lua
• hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka wai ʻona

Pepehi kanaka nā maʻi noncommicable i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma kahi o 70 pākēneka o nā make āpau a puni ka honua.

Hoʻopili nā maʻi ʻole i ka poʻe i nā makahiki āpau, nā hoʻomana, a me nā ʻāina.

Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā maʻi noncommunicable me nā poʻe kahiko. Eia nō naʻe, make nā makahiki mai nā maʻi noncommicable hiki i waena o nā poʻe 30 a 69 mau makahiki.

ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia mau make i nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me waena loaʻa kālā a me nā kaiāulu nāwaliwali kahi e loaʻa ʻole ai ke olakino pale.

He aha nā maʻi noncommicable maʻamau?

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o kekahi mau maʻi maʻi ʻole ma mua o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā ʻano nui ʻehā o nā maʻi noncommunicable e komo pū me ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, maʻi ʻaʻai, maʻi hanu maʻi mau, a me ka maʻi kō.

Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai

Hiki i ka ʻai maikaʻi ʻole a me ka hana ʻole i ke kino ke hoʻonui i ka nui:

• kaomi koko
• glucose koko
• lipids koko
• momona

Hoʻonui kēia mau kūlana i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ʻōpū. Hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me (genetically predisposed e loaʻa) kekahi mau ʻano maʻi puʻuwai.

ʻO ka maʻi Cardiovascular ke kumu nui o ka make ʻana i ka maʻi noncommunicable. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano maʻi a me nā maʻi maʻamau ʻole e launa pū me:

• maʻi hohola
• hahau
• maʻi ahulau coronary
• maʻi cerebrovascular
• maʻi maʻi ākea peripheral (PAD)
• maʻi puʻuwai congenital
• ka thrombosis hohonu a me ka embolism pulmonary

Kanesa

Hoʻopili ka maʻi ʻaʻai i nā poʻe o nā makahiki āpau, nā kūlana socioeconomic, nā kāne a me nā lāhui. ʻO ia ka make noncommunicable maʻi make puni honua.

ʻAʻole hiki ke hōʻalo ʻia kekahi mau maʻi ʻalalā ma muli o nā pilikia kūpilikiʻi. Eia nō naʻe, kuhi ka World Health Organization e hiki ke pale ʻia nā kanesa me ka lawe ʻana i nā koho nohona olakino.

Nā kī nui i ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi me:

• ka pale ʻana i ka paka
• kaupalena ʻana i ka ʻalekohola
• ke pale aku nei i nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi

I ka 2015, kokoke, ua hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ka make ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻamau i nā kāne ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e like me:

• māmā
• ake
• ʻōpū
• kala kala
• hoʻokamakama

ʻO ka make ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻamau o nā wahine ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e like me:

• umauma
• māmā
• kala kala
• ʻehaʻeha
• ʻōpū

Maʻi hanu maʻi

ʻO nā maʻi hanu maʻi pinepine nā maʻi e pili ana i nā alaloa a me nā hanana māmā. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau maʻi he kumu kumu.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā kumu ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā koho nohona e like me ka puhipaka a me nā ʻano o ke kaiapuni e like me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ea o ka ea, maikaʻi ʻole ka ea, a me ka ea maikaʻi ʻole.

ʻOiai he maʻi ʻole kēia mau maʻi, hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻO nā maʻi hanu maʻi maʻamau e pili pū me:

• maʻi pulmonary pulupulu paʻa (COPD)
• hānō
• nā maʻi maʻi ʻoihana, e like me ka maʻiʻeleʻele
• pulmonary hypertension
• cystic fibrosis

Diabetes

Kū ka maʻi diabetes ke hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hoʻohua i ka nui o ka insulin, kahi hormone e hoʻokele i ke kō kō (glucose). Hiki iā ia ke hana ke hiki ʻole i ke kino ke hoʻohana pono i ka insulin a ia e hana ai.

ʻO kekahi o nā hopena o ka maʻi kō, ʻo ia ka maʻi o ka puʻuwai, ka nalo ʻana o ka hihi, a me ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka puʻupaʻa. Inā ʻaʻole kāohi ʻia nā pae kō kō, hiki i ka maʻi diabetes ke hōʻino nui i nā mea ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻōnaehana i ke kino i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

ʻElua ʻano nui o ka maʻi kō:

• ʻAno diabetes he 1 ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka wā kamaliʻi a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻōpio. ʻO ka hopena o kahi hana ʻōnaehana pale pale.
• ʻAno diabetes he 2 loaʻa pinepine ʻia i ka wā makua. ʻO ka hopena ka hopena o kaʻai maikaʻi ʻole, hana ʻole, momona, a me nā ʻano nohona ʻē aʻe a me nā kūlohelohe.

ʻO nā ʻano maʻi diabetes kekahi:

• mimikō hāpai, ke kumu e hoʻonui ai i ke kō kō i 3 a 8 pakeneka o nā wahine hāpai ma United States
• prediabetes, kahi kūlana i ho'ākāka ʻia e nā kiʻekiʻe o ke kō kō ma mua o ka maʻamau e alakaʻi i kahi makaʻu nui loa i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻano 2 i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

ʻO nā maʻi maʻamau ʻole pili ʻole

ʻO kekahi mau maʻi maʻi ʻole e pili pinepine i ka poʻe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa e komo pū:

1. Maʻi ʻo Alzheimer
2. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo Lou Gehrig’s disease)
3. ʻōiwi
4. ka maʻi hyperactivity deficit attention (ADHD)
5. autism spectrum maʻi (ASD)
6. Pāleo ʻo Bell
7. bipolar kāna hana
8. hānau kīnā ʻole
9. lolo lolo
10. maʻi maʻi maʻi paʻa
11. ʻeha mau
12. pancreatitis mau
13. encephalopathy traumatic maʻi (CTE)
14. nā maʻi pūpū / ke kahe ʻana o ke koko
15. nalowale hoʻolohe pepeiao
16. Cooley's anemia (i kapa ʻia ʻo beta thalassemia)
17. Maʻi ʻo Crohn
18. kaumaha
19. Down syndrome
20. eczema
21. epilepsy
22. maʻi pēpē ʻalalā
23. fibromyalgia
24. palupalu X syndrome (FXS)
25. hemochromatosis
26. hemophilia
27. maʻi maʻi ʻōpū (IBD)
28. ʻōlohelohe
29. jaundice i loko o nā keiki hānau hou
30. maʻi maʻi ʻōpū
31. lāʻau make kēpau
32. maʻi maʻi ate
33. muscular dystrophy (MD)
34. myalgic encephalomyelitis / maʻi maʻi luhi (ME / CFS)
35. myelomeningocele (kahi ʻano spina bifida)
36. momona
37. thrombocythemia kumu
38. psoriasis
39. maʻi ʻaʻai
40. anemia maʻi ʻaʻai
41. nā maʻi hiamoe
42. hoʻoluhi
43. ʻōnaehana lupus ʻōnaehana (i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo lupus)
44. ʻōnaehana sclerosis (i kapa ʻia ʻo scleroderma)
45. maʻi maʻi temporomandibular ami (TMJ)
46. Tourette maʻi pale (TS)
47. ʻeha lolo ʻeha (TBI)
48. ulcerative colitis
49. hoʻohaʻahaʻa manaʻo
50. maʻi ʻo Willebrand (VWD)

Ke laina lalo

Hoʻomaopopo ka World Health Organization i nā maʻi noncommunicable ma ke ʻano he olakino olakino lehulehu a me ke kumu nui o nā make āpau a puni ka honua.

Hiki ke pale ʻia nā makaʻu he nui o nā maʻi noncommicable. ʻO kēia mau kumuhana pilikia:

• hooikaika kino
• hoʻohana paka
• inu ʻona
• papaʻai pono ʻole (kiʻekiʻe i ka momona, kō kō, a me ka sodium, me ka ʻai iki ʻana o nā hua a me nā mea kanu)

ʻO kekahi mau kūlana, i kapa ʻia nā kumu weliweli metabolic, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi maʻi metabolic. Hoʻopili ka Metabolic syndrome i nā maʻi puʻuwai a me ka maʻi kō. Loaʻa kēia mau ʻano:

• hāpai i ke koko; 130/85 millimeter o ka mercury (mm Hg) a ʻoi aku paha no nā helu ʻelua a ʻelua paha
• HDL ("kolesterol maikaʻi"): ma lalo o 40 milligrams no deciliter (mg / dL) i loko o nā kāne; ma lalo o 50 mg / dL i nā wahine
• nā triglycerides: o 150 mg / dL a ʻoi paha
• ka hoʻokē ʻai ʻana i nā pae glucose koko: 100 mg / dL a ʻoi paha ke kiʻekiʻe
• ka nui o ka pūhaka: ma luna o 35 ʻīniha i nā wahine; ma luna o 40 ʻīniha i nā kāne

Pono kahi kanaka me kēia mau pilikia e kamaʻilio iā lākou ma o ka hoʻoponopono olakino a me nā loli nohona e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ai i nā makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi maʻi noncommunicable.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea pilikia ke hoʻololi i ke makahiki, ke kāne, ka lāhui, a me ka mōʻaukala ʻohana.

ʻOiai nā maʻi noncommunicable nā ​​wā lōʻihi e hiki ai ke hōʻemi pinepine i ke ola o kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke mālama ʻia me ka mālama olakino a me nā loli nohona.

Inā kuhi ʻia ʻoe me kahi maʻi noncommunicable, he mea nui ia e pili i kāu papa hana e hōʻoia i kou ola ʻana i hiki ke hiki.