Nā Hōʻailona Hana Hōʻona

Anter

• He aha nā hoʻokolohua hana ate nui loa?
• Hōʻaʻo Alanine transaminase (ALT)
• Hoʻokomo aminotransferase (AST) hōʻike
• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• Hōʻike Albumin
• Hōʻike Bilirubin
• No ke aha e pono ai iaʻu kahi hōʻoia hana ate?
• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi ate?
• Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi hoʻokolohua hana ate
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai kahi ho'āʻo hana ate
• ʻO nā pilikia o kahi hoʻāʻo hana ate
• Ma hope o kahi hoʻāʻo hana ate

He aha nā hoʻokolohua hana ate?

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua hana ate, i ʻike ʻia he chemistries o ke ake, kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke olakino o kou ake ma ke ana ʻana i nā pae o nā protein, nā ʻenema ate, a me bilirubin i kou koko.

Paipai pinepine ʻia kahi ho'āʻo hana ate i nā ʻano aʻe:

• e nānā i ka hōʻino ʻia mai nā maʻi o ke ake, e like me ka hepatitis B a me ka hepitis C
• e nānā i nā hopena o kekahi mau lāʻau i ʻike ʻia e hoʻopili i ke ake
• inā he maʻi ate kou, e nānā i ka maʻi a pehea ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kekahi ʻano lapaʻau
• inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi hākō
• inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻano olakino e like me ke kiʻekiʻe triglycerides, diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole anemia
• inā inu nui ʻoe i ka waiʻona
• inā he maʻi pākī kou

Hiki ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua he nui ma ke akepaʻa. Hiki i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ke hōʻike i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka hana ate.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e nānā i nā maʻi kīnā ʻole o ka hoʻāʻo.

• alanine transaminase (ALT)
• aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
• alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• albumin
• bilirubin

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua ALT a me AST e ana i nā enzymes a kou ake e hoʻokuʻu ai i ka pane i ka hōʻino a i ʻole ka maʻi. ʻO ke ana ʻana o ka albumin e ana i ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ke ake i ka albumin, ʻoiai ke ana o ka bilirubin i ke ana o ka bilirubin. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ALP e loiloi i ka ʻōnaehana bile duct o ke ake.

Loaʻa i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole ma kekahi o kēia mau ho'āʻo ate e koi pinepine i ka nānā ʻana e hoʻoholo i ke kumu o nā abnormalities. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia nā hopena haʻahaʻa me nā maʻi o ke ake. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke loaʻa i kēia mau enzymes i nā wahi ʻē aʻe ma kahi o ke ake.

E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hopena o kāu hoʻāʻo hana ate a me nā mea a lākou e manaʻo ai no ʻoe.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua hana ate nui loa?

Hoʻohana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua hana ate e ana i nā ʻenemika kikoʻī a me nā protein i loko o kou koko.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka maʻamau o kēia mau enzyme a i ʻole nā ​​protein i hiki ke hōʻike i kahi pilikia me kou ake.

ʻO kekahi mau hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka hana ate ʻo:

Hōʻaʻo Alanine transaminase (ALT)

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Alanine transaminase (ALT) e kou kino e hoʻopili i ka protein. Inā hōʻino ka ate a holo ʻole paha, hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ALT i loko o ke koko. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hoʻonui ai i nā pae ALT.

ʻO kahi kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hopena maʻamau ma kēia hōʻike hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona o ka hōʻino o ke ake.

Wahi a ka American College of Gastroenterology, kahi ALT ma luna o 25 IU / L (nā kikowaena o ka honua i kēlā me kēia lita) i nā wahine a me 33 IU / L i nā kāne e koi hou ana i ka hoʻokolohua a me ka loiloi.

Hoʻokomo aminotransferase (AST) hōʻike

ʻO Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) kahi enzyme i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana o kou kino, e like me ka puʻuwai, ka ate, a me nā mākala. No ka mea ʻaʻole kikoʻī nā pae AST no ka hōʻino o ke ake e like me ka ALT, ana pinepine ʻia me ALT e nānā i nā pilikia o ke ake.

Ke hōʻino ʻia ke akepaʻa, hiki i ka AST ke hoʻokuʻu i ke kahe o ke koko. ʻO kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe ma kahi hōʻike AST e hōʻike paha i kahi pilikia me ke ake a me nā mākala.

ʻO ka pae maʻamau no AST a 40 IU / L i nā mākua a ʻoi paha ke kiʻekiʻe ma nā pēpē a me nā keiki ʻōpio.

ʻO ka hoʻāʻo alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

ʻO Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kahi enzyme i loaʻa i kou mau iwi, nā aʻa aʻa, a me ke ake. Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia kahi hōʻike ALP i ka hui pū me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka ALP ke kuhikuhi i ka mumū o ke ake, ka paʻa o nā aʻa aʻa, a i ʻole kahi maʻi iwi.

Hiki i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ke kiʻekiʻe i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ALP no ka mea ke ulu nei ko lākou iwi. Hiki i ka hāpai ʻana ke hāpai i nā pae ALP. ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau no ALP a maʻamau a 120 U / L i nā mākua.

Hōʻike Albumin

ʻO Albumin ka protein nui i hana ʻia e kou ake. Hana ia i nā ʻano hana nui o ke kino. ʻO kahi laʻana, albumin:

• hooki i ka wai mai ka hemo ʻana o kāu mau kīʻaha koko
• hanai i kou mauʻaʻaʻa
• lawe i nā hormoni, nā wikamina, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i kou kino

Ana kahi hōʻike albumin i ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o kou ate i kēia protein. Hiki i kahi hopena haʻahaʻa ma kēia hōʻike ke hōʻike i ka hana pono ʻole o kou ake.

ʻO ka pae maʻamau no ka albumin he 3.5-5.0 gram i kēlā me kēia deciliter (g / dL). Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kahi albumin haʻahaʻa ke hopena o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka meaʻai, nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, nā maʻi, a me nā mumū.

Hōʻike Bilirubin

ʻO Bilirubin kahi huahana neoneo mai ka haki ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa maʻamau ʻia e ke ake. Hele ia i loko o ke akepaʻa ma mua o ka lawe ʻia ʻana i loko o kāu pahu.

ʻAʻole hiki i ke akepaʻa i hōʻino ke hana pono i ka bilirubin. ʻO kēia ke alakaʻi i kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o bilirubin i loko o ke koko. ʻO kahi hopena kiʻekiʻe ma ka hōʻike bilirubin e hōʻike paha ʻaʻole e holo pono ke ake.

ʻO ka pae maʻamau no ka bilirubin huina he 0.1-1.2 milligrams no deciliter (mg / dL). Aia kekahi mau maʻi hoʻoilina e hāpai i nā pae bilirubin, akā maʻamau ka hana ate.

No ke aha e pono ai iaʻu kahi hōʻoia hana ate?

Hiki i nā hōʻoia ate ke kōkua e hoʻoholo inā e hana pono ana kou ake. Hana ke akepaʻa i nā ʻano hana o ke kino e like me:

• e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea haumia mai kou koko
• ke hoʻololi nei i nā meaola mai nā meaʻai āu e ʻai ai
• ka mālama ʻana i nā minelala a me nā wikamina
• ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kō ʻana o ke koko
• e hana ana i ka kolako, nā protein, nā ʻōpala, a me ka bile
• ke hana nei i nā kumu e hakakā ai i ka maʻi
• ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i nā bacteria mai kou koko
• ka hana ʻana i nā mea i hiki ke hōʻeha i kou kino
• ka mālama ʻana i nā kaulike hormona
• ka mālama ʻana i nā pae kō kō

Hiki i nā pilikia me ke akepaʻa ke hōʻeha loa i ke kanaka a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi ate?

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi hākō e pili pū ana:

• nāwaliwali
• luhi a nele paha o ka ikehu
• Kaumaha emi
• jaundice (ʻili melemele a me nā maka)
• hōʻiliʻili wai i loko o ka ʻōpū, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ascites
• hoʻokuʻu i ke kino i hoʻokahe ʻia (mimi ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​noho māmā)
• nausea
• ka luaʻi
• pāhoehoe
• abdominal eha
• ʻūpē a hoʻokahe koko ʻole paha

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke kauoha i kahi hoʻokolohua hana ate inā ʻoe e ʻike nei i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ate. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua hana ate ke nānā i ka holomua a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i kahi maʻi a hoʻāʻo no nā hopena ʻaoʻao o kekahi mau lāʻau.

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai no kahi hoʻokolohua hana ate

E hāʻawi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā ʻōkuhi piha e pili ana i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka ʻāpana koko o ka hōʻike.

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau a me nā meaʻai ke hoʻopili i nā pae o kēia mau enzyme a me nā protein i kou koko. E noi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hōʻalo i kekahi ʻano o nā lāʻau, a i ʻole noi lākou iā ʻoe e hōʻalo i ka ʻai ʻana i kekahi mea no kekahi manawa ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo. E hoʻomau i ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka wai inu ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo.

Makemake paha ʻoe e komo i kahi pālule me nā pūlima hiki ke ʻolokaʻa maʻalahi ʻia i mea e maʻalahi ai ke hōʻiliʻili i ke ʻano o ke koko.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai kahi ho'āʻo hana ate

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke kau i kou koko i ka haukapila a i kahi hale hoʻāʻo loea. E hoʻokele i ka hōʻike:

1. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka mea mālama ola i kou ʻili ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo e hoʻemi i ka likelike o kekahi microorganism ma kou ʻili e hana i kahi maʻi.
2. E wahī paha lākou i kahi kaula elastis ma kou lima. E kōkua kēia i kou mau uaua e ʻike hou ʻia. E hoʻohana lākou i ke kui kele e huki i nā laʻana o ke koko mai kou lima aku.
3. Ma hope o ke kaha kiʻi ʻana, kau ka mea mālama ola i kahi gauze a me ka mea hoʻoweliweli ma luna o ka pūnaewele puncture. A laila e hoʻouna lākou i kahi laʻana koko i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

ʻO nā pilikia o kahi hoʻāʻo hana ate

ʻO ke kahakaha ʻana i ke koko he mau kaʻina maʻamau a kākaʻikahi wale i nā hopena ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā pilikia o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hāpana koko ke komo pū:

• kahe kahe ma lalo o ka ʻili, a i ʻole hematoma
• kahe nui ke koko
• maule ana
• maʻi maʻi

Ma hope o kahi hoʻāʻo hana ate

Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo, hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻalele maʻamau a hele i kou ola e like me ka maʻamau. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻoe e maule a ʻeleu paha i ka wā o ke kahakaha ʻana o ke koko, pono ʻoe e hoʻomaha ma mua o kou haʻalele ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā hopena o kēia mau hōʻike ke haʻi pololei i kāu kauka i ke kūlana āu i loaʻa ai a i ʻole ke kekelē o nā hōʻino ate, akā kōkua paha lākou i kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i nā kaupae aʻe. E kāhea aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe me nā hopena a e kūkākūkā paha me lākou ma kahi manawa hope.

Ma ka laulā, inā hōʻike kāu hopena i kahi pilikia me kāu hana ate, e nānā hou kāu kauka i kāu mau lāʻau a me kāu mōʻaukala i hala e kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke kumu.

Inā inu nui ʻoe i ka waiʻona, a laila pono ʻoe e haʻalele i ka inu ʻana. Inā ʻike kāu kauka he lāʻau lapaʻau ke kumu o ka kiʻekiʻe o nā ʻenema ate, a laila e aʻo lākou iā ʻoe e hōʻoki i ka lāʻau.

E hoʻoholo paha kāu kauka e hoʻāʻo iā ʻoe no ka maʻi hepa, nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻopili i ke ake. Koho lākou i ka hana kiʻi, e like me ka ultrasound a i ʻole CT scan. Hiki iā lākou ke koi aku i kahi biopsy ate e loiloi i ke akepaʻa no fibrosis, maʻi ate momona, a me nā ʻano ate ʻē aʻe.