He aha ka leukemia koʻikoʻi, a me nā hōʻailona

Anter

• Nā ʻōuli o ka leukemia koʻikoʻi
• Leukemia kamaliʻi nui
• Lapaʻau no ka maʻi leukemia
• Hiki ke hoola ʻia ka leukemia huehue?

ʻO ka leukemia ākea kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai e pili ana i ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka iwi o ka iwi, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka hana ʻana o ke kahena koko. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka leukemia ākea i loko o ka myeloid a i ʻole ka lymphoid e like me nā māka kelepona i ʻike ʻia ma o ka immunophenotyping, kahi ʻano hana ʻenehana i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hunaola e like loa me ka microscopic visualization.

ʻO kēia ʻano leukemia ka mea maʻa mau i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ʻōpio a ʻike ʻia e ke alo o 20% o nā puhi i ke koko, ʻo ia nā hunaola ʻōpio, a me ke āpau leukemia, e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā pūnaewele waena ma waena. nā pupuhi a me nā neutrophil makua.

Hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka leukemia huehue ma o ke kaʻi ʻana o ke koko a me ka chemotherapy i loko o kahi haukapila a hiki i ka ʻike hou ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona a me nā keʻena hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka leukemia.

Nā ʻōuli o ka leukemia koʻikoʻi

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka myeloid ākea a i ʻole ka lymphoid leukemia e pili ana i nā loli o ke koko a me nā iwi o ka iwi iwi, ʻo ka mea nui:

• Ka nāwaliwali, nāwaliwali a me nā makemake ʻole;
• Kahe mai ka ihu a / a i ʻole nā ​​kiko poni ma ka ʻili;
• Hoʻonui i ke kahe o ka menstrual a me ka makemake e nosebleed;
• ʻO ka fiva, ka hou o ka pō a me ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole;
• ʻEha iwi, kahe a me ka ʻeha poʻo.

ʻAneʻane hapa o ka poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i kēia mau ʻōuli a hiki i 3 mau mahina a hiki i ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o ka leukemia ma o nā hoʻokolohua e like me:

• Helu piha koko, kahi e hōʻike ai i ka leukositosis, thrombositopenia a me ke alo o kekahi mau ʻōpio (puhi), inā mai ka moʻokāki myeloid a i ʻole lymphoid;
• Nā hoʻāʻo Biochemical, e like me ka mahele o ka uric acid a me ka LDH, i hoʻonui mau ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o nā blasts i ke koko;
• ʻO Coagulogram, kahi e nānā ai i ka hana o fibrinogen, D-dimer a me ka manawa prothrombin;
• Myelogram, kahi e nānā ʻia ai nā ʻano o ka momona o ka iwi.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau hoʻokolohua, hiki i ka hematologist ke noi i nā hoʻololi e nā ʻano hana molaki, e like me NPM1, CEBPA a i ʻole FLT3-ITD, i mea e hōʻike ai i ke ʻano maikaʻi loa o ka mālama ʻana.

Leukemia kamaliʻi nui

ʻO ka leukemia kamaliʻi kūpilikiʻi i ka nui he prognosis ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mākua, akā pono e mālama ʻia ka maʻi i kahi ʻano haukapila ma o ka chemotherapy, nā hopena e like me ka nausea, ka luaʻi a me ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho, a no laila hiki ke lilo i kēia manawa luhi no ke keiki a me ka ʻohana. ʻOiai kēia, ʻoi aku ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka maʻi i nā keiki ma mua o ka poʻe mākua. E ʻike i nā hopena o ka chemotherapy a pehea e hana ai.

Lapaʻau no ka maʻi leukemia

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana no ka leukemia koʻikoʻi e ka hematologist e like me nā ʻōuli, nā hopena hōʻike, nā makahiki o ke kanaka, ke kū ʻana o nā maʻi, ka makaʻu o ka metastasis a me ka hoʻi hou ʻana. Hiki ke loli ka manawa o ka mālama ʻana, me nā ʻōuli e hoʻomaka ana e hōʻemi i 1 a 2 mau mahina ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o polychemotherapy, no ka laʻana, a ʻo ka mālama ʻana ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka leukemia myeloid huehue hiki ke hana ʻia ma o ka chemotherapy, kahi hui pū ʻia o nā lāʻau, ka platelet transfusion a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo e hoʻemi ai i ka makaʻu o nā maʻi, ʻoiai ua hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi myeloid leukemia.

E pili ana i ka mālama ʻana no ka leukemia lymphoid ʻoi loa, hiki ke hana ʻia ma o ka multidrug therapy, i hana ʻia me nā kaha kiʻekiʻe o ka lāʻau e hoʻopau ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi i hiki i ka ʻōnaehana waena. E aʻo pehea e mālama ai i ka leukemia lymphoid.

Inā loaʻa hou kahi maʻi, hiki ke koho ʻia ka hoʻoneʻe iwi ʻana no ka mea, i kēia hihia, ʻaʻole pōmaikaʻi nā kānaka āpau mai ka chemotherapy.

Hiki ke hoola ʻia ka leukemia huehue?

ʻO ka hoʻōla i ka leukemia e pili ana i ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli ʻano o ka leukemia i ka manawa o 10 mau makahiki ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lapaʻau, me ka ʻole o ka hoʻi hou ʻana.

E pili ana i ka leukemia myeloid huikau, hiki ke hiki ke hoʻōla, ma muli o nā koho lapaʻau he nui, akā no ka hala ʻana o ka makahiki, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻōla a i ʻole ka kaohi ʻana o ka maʻi. ʻo ke kaikaina ke kanaka, ʻo ka nui aʻe ka manawa o ka hoʻōla.

I ka hihia o ka leukemia lymphoid huʻihuʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hiki ke hoʻōla i nā keiki, ma kahi o 90%, a 50% o ka hoʻōla i nā mākua a hiki i 60 mau makahiki, akā, e hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka hoʻōla a pale i ka hoʻi hou ʻana o ka maʻi. he mea nui ia e ʻike ʻia ma ka hiki wawe a hoʻomaka koke ka lapaʻau ma hope koke iho.

ʻOiai ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka lāʻau, pono i ke kanaka e hana i nā hoʻokolohua wā e nānā ai inā paha he hoʻi hou paha a inā ʻaʻole, e hoʻomau hou i ka lāʻau no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o nā manawa o ka hoʻopau piha ʻana o ka maʻi.