ʻO leishmaniasis Cutaneus: he aha ia, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• 1. Leishmaniasis ʻōiwi
• 2. Leishmaniasis mucous a i ʻole mucocutaneus
• Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Pehea e pale aku ai

ʻO ka maʻi leishmaniasis kanaka he maʻi lele i pāhola ʻia a puni ka honua, i kumu ʻia i ka maʻi e ka protozoanLeishmania, kahi e hōʻeha ai i nā ʻeha ʻole i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous o ke kino.

I Palakila, ʻo ka leishmaniasis ʻohana ʻĀmelika, i kaulana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he "bauru ulcer" a i ʻole "ʻeha ʻāhiu", i lawe ʻia e nā pepelika o ka genusLutzomyia, ʻike ʻia ʻo nā makika mauʻu, a mālama ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma lalo o ke alakaʻi ʻana a kahi dermatologist, a he mea pono paha e hoʻohana i nā lāʻau hoʻōki, i kapa ʻia he antimonial pentavalent.

ʻO ke ala e ʻaelike ai i ka maʻi ma o ka nahu ʻana o kahi ʻenemi, i haumia e Leishmania ma hope o ka nahu ʻana i ka poʻe a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona me ka maʻi, ka nui o nā ʻīlio, nā pōpoki a me nā ʻiole, a, no laila, ʻaʻole lele ka maʻi a ʻaʻohe lawe ʻia mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka. Noho nā ʻenekini e hoʻoili pinepine i nā leishmaniasis i nā wahi wela, wela a pouli hoʻi, ka hapanui i nā ululāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​pā kua hale me ka hōʻiliʻili o nā ʻōpala neoneo.

Nā hōʻailona nui

ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā leishmaniasis cutaneous.

1. Leishmaniasis ʻōiwi

ʻO Cishanus leishmaniasis ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi, a hana pinepine i ka ulu ʻana o kahi ʻeha, kahi:

• Hoʻomaka ia ma ke ʻano he puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi ma ke kahua o ka nahu;
• Hoʻopili i kahi ʻeha hāmama ʻole i loko o kekahi mau pule a i ʻole mau mahina.
• Hoʻola lohi me ka ʻole o ka pono ma waena o 2 a 15 mau mahina;
• Hiki ke pehu a ʻeha hoʻi nā pūnana lymph.

ʻO nā ana o ka lesion mai kekahi mau milimita a i kekahi mau kenimika, he paʻakikī paʻa me nā kihi i hāpai ʻia a me ka ʻulaʻula i lalo i nā huna. Ke hiki i kahi maʻi bacteria i pili e hiki ke hana i ka ʻeha kūloko a hana i kahi huna purulent.

Ma waho o ka ʻeha kūloko kuʻuna, ʻokoʻa paha ke ʻano o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā leona, e like me ke ʻano o ka protozoan kuleana a me ka pale o ke kanaka, a ʻike ʻia paha e like me nā puʻupuʻu e hoʻolaha ʻia e ke kino a i ʻole nā ​​infiltrations i ka ʻili, no ka laʻana.

2. Leishmaniasis mucous a i ʻole mucocutaneus

ʻOi aku ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa e hōʻike ana ma hope o ka leona cutaneile maʻamau, a ʻike ʻia e nā lehele luku i ka mucosa o nā alaloa kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka ihu, oropharynx, nā lehelehe, nā lehelehe, nā alelo, ka larynx a, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, trachea a ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe o nā ake māmā.

I ka mucosa, ʻulaʻula, pehu, infiltration a me ka ulceration hiki ke ʻike ʻia a, inā loaʻa ka maʻi ʻelua e nā bacteria, hiki i nā lehelehe ke hoʻokuʻu me nā crust purulent. Eia hou, i ka mucosa o ka ihu, aia paha he perforation a i ʻole ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka septum cartilaginous a, i ka waha, aia paha he perforation o ka lepe palupalu.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi

I ka hapanui o nā hihia hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā leishmaniasis cutaneous wale nō ma ka nānā ʻana i nā leona a me ka hōʻike ʻana i ka mea maʻi, ʻoiai ke ola ka mea maʻi a i ʻole nā ​​wahi i hoʻopili ʻia e ka parasite. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke huikau ka maʻi me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e like me ka tuberculosis cutaneus, nā maʻi fungal a i ʻole ka lepera.

No laila, pono paha e hana i kahi hōʻike diagnostic kahi i loaʻa ai kekahi mau koho, e like me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka ʻili reactive no leishmaniasis, i kapa ʻia ʻo Montenegro's Intradermoreaction, ka ninaninau ʻana i ka ʻiʻini a biopsy o ka leona, e ʻike ai i ka parasite, a i ʻole ke koko. nā hoʻāʻo, ELISA a i ʻole PCR.

He mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo i hiki i ka leishmaniasis ke hōʻike iā ia iho i kāna ʻano ʻoi loa, ʻo ia ka visceral, i ʻike ʻia ʻo kala azar. ʻOkoʻa ka loli ʻana o kēia maʻi mai ka leishmaniasis cutaneus, e hoʻolaha ana ma o ke kahe o ke koko. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e ʻike ai i ka leishmaniasis visceral.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine nā leona o cishan leishmaniasis me ka ʻole o ka pono e lapaʻau. Eia nō naʻe, i ka hihia o nā ʻeha e hoʻonui i ka nui, nui loa lākou, hoʻonui lākou a kau ʻia i ka maka, nā lima a me nā hono, makemake ʻia e hana i ka lāʻau me nā lāʻau, e like me nā kalima a me nā injection, alakaʻi ʻia e nā dermatologists .

ʻO nā lāʻau i koho mua ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka leishmaniasis he antimonial pentavalent, a ma Brazil, ua hōʻike ʻia e N-methylglucamine antimoniate a i ʻole Glucantime, i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia lā, i nā intramuscular a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana vena, no 20 a 30 mau lā.

Inā hele a maʻi nā ʻeha i ka wā o ka hoʻōla, pono paha e ʻōlelo me ka mālama ʻana me kahi kahu no ka mālama maikaʻi ʻana a hōʻalo i ka ʻeha.

Eia hou, ma hope o ka hoʻōla, hiki i nā scars ke hoʻomau i ka ʻili a hana i nā loli estetika. No laila, pono paha e hana i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo a i ʻole ke ʻalo ʻana i ka ʻoki lula e mālama i nā loli i ka maka, no ka laʻana.

Pehea e pale aku ai

I mea e pale ai i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o leishmaniasis, he mea nui e hoʻopukapuka i nā ʻano pākahi a me nā hui like e like me:

• E hoʻohana i nā repellents ke hana ma nā wahi e loaʻa ai ka makika-mauʻu, a pale i ka hōʻike i nā manawa o ka nui o ka makika kiʻekiʻe;
• E hoʻohana i nā ʻupena makika maikaʻi, a me ke kau ʻana i nā pale ma nā puka a me nā puka aniani;
• E hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻāina a me nā pā pili kokoke, e hemo ana i nā ʻōpala a me ka lepo, a me nā lāʻau kalai, e hoʻēmi i ka wai e hoʻomohala i ka hānau ʻana o nā makika a me nā nalo;
• Hōʻalo i nā ʻōpala i loko o ka lepo, i mea e ʻumeʻume ʻole ai i nā holoholona, ​​e like me nāʻiole, i loaʻa paha ka maʻi i loko;
• E mālama i nā holoholona kūloko mai ka hale i ka pō, i mea e hōʻemi ai i ka leʻaleʻa o nā makika a me nā lele i kēia ʻano;
• Hōʻalo i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale ma lalo o 4000 a i ʻole 500 mau mika mai ka ulu lāʻau.

Eia hou, i ke alo o nā ʻeha e hoʻōla ʻole ai, a he mea paha ia e hōʻike ai i kēia maʻi, he mea nui ka ʻimi ʻana i ke keʻena olakino i hiki ke ʻike koke ʻia nā kumu a me ka hana kūpono kūpono.