Hypercapnia: He aha ia a pehea e mālama ʻia ai?

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o hypercapnia?
• Nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi
• He aha ka hana a hypercapnia me COPD?
• He aha hou aʻe ke kumu o hypercapnia?
• Nā pilikia kuapo Gas
• Nā pilikia nerve a me nā mākala
• Nā kumu genetic
• ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻu no hypercapnia?
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka hypercapnia?
• He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa ai?
• Hoʻokomo ea
• Laau Lapaʻau
• Nā Therapies
• ʻOki kino
• Outlook
• Hiki paha ke pale ʻia kēia?

He aha ka hypercapnia?

ʻO Hypercapnia, a i ʻole hypercarbia, ke loaʻa iā ʻoe ka nui o ke kalapona kalapona (CO₂) i kou kahawai koko. Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena o hypoventilation, a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke hanu kūpono a loaʻa ka oxygen i loko o kou mau māmā. Ke lawa ʻole kou kino i ka oxygen hou a i ʻole ke kāpae ʻana iā CO₂, pono paha ʻoe e hāmama a hāmo ʻole i ka nui o ka ea e kaulike i kāu mau pae o ka oxygen a me CO₂.

ʻAʻole kēia he kumu no ka hopohopo. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā pāpaʻu kou hanu ke hiamoe nui ʻoe, hana ʻiʻo kou kino. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke huli i kou wahi moe a ala ala koke paha. Hiki i kou kino ke hoʻomaka hou i ka hanu maʻamau a loaʻa i ka oxygen i loko o ke koko.

Hiki i ka Hypercapnia ke lilo i hōʻailona o nā kumu e pili ana i kāu hanu a me kou koko.

E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻōuli, nā kumu, a me nā mea hou aʻe.

He aha nā hōʻailona o hypercapnia?

ʻO nā hōʻailona o hypercapnia hiki i kekahi manawa ke akahai. Hiki i kou kino ke hoʻoponopono koke i kēia mau hōʻailona e hanu maikaʻi a kaulike i kāu CO₂ pae.

ʻO nā ʻōuli akahai o hypercapnia e komo pū me:

• ʻili hoʻoheheʻe
• hiamoe a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke kālele
• ʻeha poʻo poʻo
• manaʻo hoʻoluli a luʻuluʻu paha
• ʻano pōkole o ka hanu
• luhi a luhi paha

Inā kū mau kēia mau ʻōuli ma ʻō o kekahi mau lā, e ʻike i kāu kauka. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoholo inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi hypercapnia a i ʻole kahi ʻano kumu ʻē aʻe.

Nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi

Hiki i ka hypercapnia koʻikoʻi ke kū i kahi hoʻoweliweli. Hiki iā ia ke pale iā ʻoe mai ka hanu pono ʻana. ʻAʻole like me hypercapnia mālie, ʻaʻole hiki i kou kino ke hoʻoponopono koke i nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi. Hiki iā ia ke lilo i mea weliweli loa a make paha inā pio kāu ʻōnaehana hanu.

E ʻike koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā ʻōuli aʻe, keu hoʻi inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi pulmonary obstructive maʻi (COPD):

• manaʻo hoʻohoka ʻole o ka huikau
• manaʻo ʻino ʻole o ka paranoia a i ʻole ke kaumaha
• ʻulana ʻili ʻino
• kuʻi naʻau kaulike ʻole
• hyperventilation
• ka hopu ʻana
• hoʻouka weliweli
• hala ʻana i waho

He aha ka hana a hypercapnia me COPD?

ʻO COPD kahi manawa no nā kūlana e paʻakikī iā ʻoe e hanu. ʻO ka bronchitis āpau a me ka emphysema kekahi mau laʻana maʻamau o COPD.

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ʻo COPD e ka puhipaka a me ka hanu ʻana i ka ea weliweli i nā wahi haumia. I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, kumu ʻo COPD i nā alveoli (ʻeke ʻeke) i loko o kou mau māmā e nalowale i ka hiki ke kīloi ke lawe lākou i ka oxygen. Hiki iā COPD ke hoʻopau i nā paia ma waena o kēia ʻeke ʻeke. Ke hiki kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i kou mau māmā ke lawe pono i ka oxygen.

Hiki i ka COPD ke hana i kāu trachea (windpipe) a me nā ala ea e alakaʻi ai i kāu alveoli, i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchioles, e lilo i mea hoʻā ʻia. Hoʻopuka paha kēia mau ʻāpana i ka nui o ka mucus keu, e ʻoi aku ai ka hanu ʻana. ʻO ka ālai a me ka mumū e ālai i ka kahe o ka ea i loko a i waho o nā akemāmā ʻO ka hopena, ʻaʻole hiki i kou kino ke hoʻopau iā CO₂. Hiki i kēia ke kumu iā CO₂ e kūkulu i kāu kahena koko.

ʻAʻole loaʻa nā kānaka āpau me COPD i ka hypercapnia. Akā i ka holo ʻana o COPD, loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi kaulike ʻole o ka oxygen a me CO₂ i kou kino ma muli o ka hanu kūpono ʻole.

He aha hou aʻe ke kumu o hypercapnia?

Hiki iā Hypercapnia ke loaʻa nā kumu ʻē aʻe he ʻē aʻe o COPD. O kahi laʻana:

• Pale aku ka hiamoe apnea iā ʻoe mai ka hanu pono ʻana ke hiamoe ʻoe. Hiki i kēia ke mālama iā ʻoe mai ka lawe ʻana i ka oxygen i loko o kou koko.
• Hiki i ka momona a i ʻole ka momona ke pale iā ʻoe mai ka lawa ʻana o ka ea ma muli o ke kaomi e kau ai i kou mau māmā e kou kaupaona.
• ʻO nā hana i kaupalena ʻia iā ʻoe mai ka hanu ʻana i ka ea hou, e like me ka luʻu scuba a i ʻole ma luna o ka mea hoʻolauna i ka wā anesthesia, hiki ke hana i ka hypercapnia.
• Nā maʻi kūlohelohe a i ʻole nā ​​hanana i kumu i kou kino e hoʻohua i CO₂, e like me ke kuni ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i nā carbs he nui, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka nui o ka CO₂ i kou kahe koko.

Nā pilikia kuapo Gas

Hiki i kekahi mau kumu i lalo ke kumu i kahi make i loko o kou kino. ʻO ka manaʻo o kēia ʻaʻole ka ea āpau āu e hanu nei i loko o kāu kaʻina hanu. Ke kū kēia, maʻa mau no ka mea ʻaʻole maikaʻi kahi ʻāpana o kāu ʻōnaehana hanu. I nā kumu he nui, pili kēia i kāu mau māmā me ka hana ʻole i kā lākou ʻāpana i ka hoʻololi kinoea.

ʻO ke kuapo Gas ka hana e komo ai ka oxygen i loko o kou koko a me CO₂ haʻalele i kou kino. Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā pilikia e nā kūlana e like me ka pulmonary embolus a me ka empysema.

Nā pilikia nerve a me nā mākala

Hiki i nā kumu nerve a me nā muscular ke kumu i ka hypercapnia. I kekahi mau kūlana, ʻaʻole e holo pono nā aʻalolo a me nā mākala e kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me ka Guillain-Barré Syndrome, kahi kūlana pale pale e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i kou mau aʻa a me nā mākala. Hiki i kēia ʻano ke hoʻololi i kou hiki ke loaʻa ka oxygen lawa a hiki ke alakaʻi i ka nui o ka CO₂ i kou kahe koko. ʻO nā dystrophies muscular, a i ʻole nā ​​kūlana e hoʻonāwaliwali ai kou mauʻiʻo i ka holo ʻana o ka manawa, hiki ke paʻakikī hoʻi i ka hanu ʻana a loaʻa ka oxygen lawa.

Nā kumu genetic

I nā hihia kakaikahi, hiki i ka hypercapnia ke kumu i kahi ʻano genetical kahi e hana ʻole ai kou kino i ka protein i kapa ʻia ʻo alpha-1-antitrypsin. No ke akepaʻa kēia protein a hoʻohana ʻia e kou kino e mālama i nā akemāmā maikaʻi.

ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻu no hypercapnia?

ʻO kekahi mau pilikia no ka hypercapnia, keu hoʻi ma muli o ka hopena o COPD, e hoʻopili pū me:

• puhipaka, mau pika, a paipu paha
• makahiki, ʻo ka nui o nā kūlana e hopena i ka hypercapnia e holomua a ʻaʻole hoʻomaka e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona a hiki i ka hala ʻana o 40
• loaʻa ka hānō, keu hoʻi inā puhi ʻoe
• ka hanu ʻana i nā uahi a i ʻole nā ​​kemika i nā wahi hana, e like me nā hale hana, nā hale ukana, a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu uila a i ʻole kemika

ʻO kahi kuhi hope loa o COPD a i ʻole kahi ʻano ʻē aʻe e kumu ai i ka hypercapnia hiki ke hoʻonui pū i kou makaʻu. E ʻike i kāu kauka ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka loiloi kino piha e ʻike pono ke nānā nei ʻoe i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka hypercapnia?

Inā manaʻo kāu kauka he hypercapnia ʻoe, e hoʻāʻo paha lākou i kou koko a me ka hanu ʻana e hōʻoia i ka pilikia a me ke kumu kumu.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kahi hōʻike kinoea koko arterial e ʻike pono i ka hypercapnia. Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke loiloi i nā pae o ka oxygen a me CO₂ i kou koko a e hōʻoia i ka maʻamau o kou oxygen

Hiki paha i kāu kauka ke hōʻoia i kou hanu ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka spirometry. I kēia hōʻike, hanu ikaika ʻoe i ka paipu. Ana kahi spirometer hoʻopili i ka nui o ka ea i loko o kāu mau māmā a pehea ka ikaika e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke puhi.

Hiki i nā kukuna X a i ʻole CT scans o kou mau māmā ke kōkua i kāu kauka e ʻike inā loaʻa iā ʻoe i ka emphysema a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano maʻi e pili pū ana.

He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa ai?

Inā loaʻa kahi maʻi i kāu hypercapnia, e hoʻonohonoho kāu kauka i kahi papa hana no nā hōʻailona o kou ʻano. E paipai paha kāu kauka e hōʻoki i ka puhi ʻana a i ʻole ka palena ʻana i kou ʻike ʻana i ka uahi a i ʻole nā ​​kemika inā lākou i hoʻokumu i ka hypercapnia e pili ana i ka COPD.

Hoʻokomo ea

Inā pono ʻoe e hele i ke keʻena o kāu kauka a i ʻole ka haukapila no nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hoʻokau ʻia ʻoe i ka ʻea ea e maopopo ai hiki iā ʻoe ke hanu pono. Hoʻokomo ʻia paha ʻoe, ʻo ia ka manawa e hoʻokomo ʻia ai kahi paipu ma loko o kou waha i kāu mau kahawai e kōkua ai iā ʻoe e hanu.

ʻAe kēia mau hōʻailona iā ʻoe e loaʻa ka oxygen kūlike e kaulike i kāu CO₂ pae. He mea nui loa kēia inā loaʻa ʻoe i kahi ʻano kumu e hoʻopiʻi ai iā ʻoe ʻaʻole e lawa ka oxygen ma o ka hanu maʻamau ʻana a i ʻole inā ua ʻike ʻoe i ka hanu ʻole o ka hanu a ʻaʻole hiki ke hanu maikaʻi iā ʻoe iho.

Laau Lapaʻau

Hiki i kekahi mau lāʻau ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hanu maikaʻi, e like me:

• nā bronchodilators, ka mea e kōkua i kāu mau mākala airway e hana kūpono
• inhaled a i ʻole oral corticosteroids, kahi e kōkua ai e mālama i ka hoʻowahā ʻana i ke kahawai i ka liʻiliʻi
• nā antibiotic no nā maʻi hanu, e like me ka niumonia a i ʻole bronchitis huehue

Nā Therapies

Hiki i kekahi mau therapies ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā kumu o hypercapnia. ʻO kahi laʻana, me ka oxygen therapy, halihali ʻoe i kahi mea liʻiliʻi a puni e lawe pololei i ka oxygen i loko o kāu mau māmā. Hāʻawi ka pulmonary rehabilitation iā ʻoe e hoʻololi i kāu papaʻai, hoʻoikaika kino, a me nā ʻano maʻamau e ʻike pono ke hāʻawi maikaʻi nei ʻoe i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa. Hiki i kēia ke hōʻemi i kāu mau ʻōuli a me nā pilikia i hiki i kahi ʻano paʻa.

ʻOki kino

Pono paha kekahi mau hihia i kahi ʻoki e mālama a hoʻololi paha i nā alaloa ʻino a i ʻole nā ​​mumū. I loko o kahi ʻoki hōʻemi nui o ka hanu, lawe aku kāu kauka i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia i wahi no kāu koena olakino i koe e hoʻonui a lawe mai i ka oxygen. I loko o kahi transplant lung, ua lawe ʻia kahi lung maikaʻi ʻole a hoʻololi ʻia e kahi olakino olakino mai kahi mea hāʻawi organ.

Hiki ke hōʻoweliweli i nā ʻoihana ʻelua, no laila e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau koho e ʻike inā he kūpono ia nāu.

Outlook

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no COPD a i ʻole ke ʻano kumu ʻē aʻe e hiki ai i ka hypercapnia e hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i kou olakino wā lōʻihi a pale i nā hanana o hypercapnia i ka wā e hiki mai ana.

Inā makemake ʻoe i kahi lapaʻau lōʻihi a ʻoki ʻana paha, e hoʻolohe pono i nā ʻōkuhi a kāu kauka i mea e kūleʻa ai kāu papa hana lapaʻau a i ʻole ke ola ʻana mai ke ʻoki. E aʻo lākou iā ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e nānā ai a me ka mea e hana ai inā kū lākou.

I nā manawa he nui, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i kahi ola olakino a inā paha ua ʻike ʻoe i ka hypercapnia.

Hiki paha ke pale ʻia kēia?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hanu e hoʻopiʻi nei i ka hypercapnia, ʻo ke kiʻi ʻana i ka lāʻau no kēlā ʻano ke ala ʻoi loa e pale ai i ka hypercapnia.

Ke hana nei i nā loli nohona, e like me ka haʻalele ʻana i ka puhipaka, ka lilo ʻana o ka paona, a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika mau ʻana, hiki nō hoʻi ke hōʻemi i kou makaʻi o hypercapnia.