Kalepona nui (Hypercalcemia): Nā kumu, nā ʻōuli a me nā lāʻau

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona kūpono
• Nā kumu nui o hypercalcemia
• Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Kūlike ʻo Hypercalcemia i ka nui o ka calcium i loko o ke koko, kahi o kēia mineral i ʻoi aku ma mua o 10.5 mg / dL i hōʻoia ʻia i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko, e hōʻike ana paha i nā loli i nā aʻa parathyroid, nā tumors, nā maʻi endocrine a i ʻole ma muli o ka ʻaoʻao hopena o kekahi mau lāʻau.

ʻAʻole kumu kēia hoʻololi i nā ʻōuli, a i ʻole ke kumu o nā ʻōuli mālie wale nō, e like me ka nele i ka makemake ʻole a me ka nausea. Eia nō naʻe, ke piʻi nui aʻe nā kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium, noho mau ma luna o 12 mg / dl, hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā ʻōuli e like me ka constipation, ka nui o ka mimi, ka hiamoe, ka luhi, ka maʻi poʻo, arrhythmias a me ke koma.

Hoʻololi ka mālama ʻana i ka hypercalcemia e like me ke kumu, i manaʻo ʻia he pilikia inā kumu ia i nā hōʻailona a hōʻea i ka waiwai o 13 mg / dl. Ma ke ʻano he ala e hōʻemi ai i nā pae o ka calcium, hōʻike paha ke kauka i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke serum i nā aa a me nā lāʻau e like me diuretics, calcitonin a i ʻole bisphosphonates, no ka laʻana.

Nā hōʻailona kūpono

ʻOiai ʻo ka calcium he mineral nui loa ia no ke olakino iwi a no nā hana nui o ke kino, ke ʻoi aku ia i hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻole i ka hana o ke kino, e hana ana i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Headache a luhi nui hoʻi;
• Manaʻo o ka make wai mau;
• Makemake pinepine i ka mimi;
• Nusea a me ka luaʻi;
• Hoʻoemi i ka makemake;
• Nā loli i ka hana puʻukū a me ka makaʻu o ka hoʻokumu pōhaku;
• Pākuʻi pinepine a i ʻole nā ​​spasms muscle;
• Nā arrhythmias Cardiac.

Eia kekahi, hiki i nā poʻe me hypercalcemia ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona e pili ana i nā hoʻololi neurological e like me ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻomanaʻo, ke kaumaha, ka huhū maʻalahi a me ka huikau paha, no ka laʻana.

Nā kumu nui o hypercalcemia

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka nui o ka calcium i loko o ke kino ʻo hyperparathyroidism, kahi i loaʻa ai nā gland parathyroid liʻiliʻi, aia ma hope o ka thyroid, i hana ʻia ma mua o kahi hormone e hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ka calcium i loko o ke koko. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka hypercalcemia ke hana ma ke ʻano he hopena o nā hanana ʻē aʻe, e like me:

• Kōpaʻa kīnā ʻole;
• ʻO ka nui o ka wikamina D, ma muli o nā maʻi e like me sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, coccidioidomycosis a i ʻole ka hoʻohana nui ʻana;
• Ka hopena o ka hopena i ka hoʻohana ʻia o kekahi mau lāʻau e like me ka lithium, no ka laʻana;
• Tumor i nā iwi, nā puʻupaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​ʻōpū i kahi pae holomua;
• Tumor i nā moku pancreatic;
• Myeloma lehulehu;
• ʻO ka maʻi Milk-alkali maʻi, i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nui o ke kalima a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antacids;
• Maʻi ʻo Paget;
• Hyperthyroidism;
• Myeloma lehulehu;
• Nā maʻi Endocrinological e like me thyrotoxicosis, pheochromocytoma a me ka maʻi ʻo Addison.

Kū aʻe kahi hypercalcemia malignant ma muli o ka hana ʻana o kahi hormone e like me ka hormone parathyroid e nā hunaola o kahi tumo, kahi e hōʻeha a paʻakikī hoʻi e mālama i ka hypercalcemia. ʻO kekahi ʻano o ka hypercalcemia i nā hihia maʻi ʻaʻai e kū ma muli o nā liona iwi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā metastases iwi.

Pehea e hōʻoia ai i ke kuhi

Hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia ka diagnostic o hypercalcemia ma o kahi hoʻokolohua koko, kahi e ʻike ai i ka nui o nā waiwai kalima ma luna o 10.5mg / dl a ionic calcium ma luna o 5.3mg / dl, e hilinaʻi ana i ka hale hana i hana ʻia.

Ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana i kēia loli, pono i ke kauka e kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i kāna kumu, i hoʻopili ʻia me ke ana ʻana o ka hormone PTH i hana ʻia e nā parathyroid glands, nā hōʻike kiʻi e like me ka tomography a i ʻole MRI e nānā i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, me ka nānā ʻana i nā pae vitamin D. , hana ʻōkuhi a i ʻole ke kū ʻana o nā maʻi endocrinological ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka hypercalcemia e ka endocrinologist, hana nui ʻia e like me ke kumu, kahi e hoʻopili ai i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau e kāohi ai i nā pae o ka hormone, e hoʻololi i nā lāʻau no nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ʻole ka hypercalcemia ma ke ʻano he ʻaoʻao a ʻoki paha e wehe i nā tumors i hiki ke kumu nei i ka nui o ka puna, inā ʻo kēia ke kumu.

ʻAʻole hana wikiwiki ʻia ka mālama ʻana, koe wale nō ma nā hihia kahi e hopena ʻia ai nā hōʻailona a i ʻole ke kū ʻana o nā pae calcium i 13.5 mg / dl, kahi e hōʻike ai i kahi pilikia nui i ke olakino.

No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi i ka hydration i ke aa koko, loop diuretics, e like me Furosemide, calcitonin a i ʻole bisphosphonates, e hoʻāʻo e hoʻēmi i nā pae calcium a pale i nā loli o ka puʻuwai a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana.

Hoʻohana wale ʻia ke kīʻaha e mālama ai i ka hypercalcemia ke kumu ke kumu o ka pilikia o ka hana pono ʻole ʻana o kekahi o nā gland parathyroid, a ua pono e hemo ia.