Cerebral hemorrhage: nā ʻōuli, nā kumu a me ka hiki ke hopena

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Haʻalele ka cerebral hemorrhage i ka hopena?
• Nā kumu o ka maʻi heʻe cerebral
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Pehea e mālama ai
• Nā ʻano nui o ka heʻe koko
• 1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Intraparenchymal a i ʻole intracerebral hemorrhage
• 2. ʻO ka hemorrhage Intraventricular
• 3. Ka heʻe koko Subarachnoid
• 4. Hemorrhage ma lalo
• 5. Epidural hemorrhage

Cerebral hemorrhage kahi ʻano hahau (hahau), i kapa ʻia hoʻi he hahau, kahi e pili ai ke kahe ʻana a i ʻole ma loko o ka lolo ma muli o ka haki ʻana o kahi kīʻaha koko, ma ke ʻano he ʻaʻa ma ka lolo. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi hemorrhagic.

He hanana koʻikoʻi ia, maʻa mau ʻia e ka hahau i ke poʻo, hiki ke alakaʻi i ke kanaka i kahi kūlana hohonu ʻole, me ka manaʻo o ka nausea, ka luaʻi, hoʻemi i ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ka nalo ʻana o ke kaulike.

Hana ʻia ka hōʻailona e nā hōʻike kiʻi, e like me ka tomography i helu ʻia, ka resonance ʻumeume a me ka angiography me ka ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hiki i ke kauka ke noi i kahi lumbar puncture.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka hemorrhage cerebral ka mea maʻa mau, a makemake e hoʻoneʻe i ke koko a me ka ʻōpū e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe.

Nā hōʻailona nui

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka hemorrhage cerebral ma muli o ka nui o ke kahe ʻana a maʻa mau:

• ʻO ke poʻo ʻeha a ʻeha hoʻi a hiki ke hala i mau lā;
• Pōpō a kani paha i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino;
• ʻO ka luaʻi;
• Lilo o ke kaulike;
• E haʻalulu i nā lima;
• Hoemi i ka helu o ka puʻuwai;
• Nāwaliwali laulā;
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ke aʻalolo optic, kahi e hopena ai i ka ʻike ʻeleʻele no kekahi mau kekona, ua hoʻemi i ka māla o ka ʻike a makapō paha;

I nā kūlana ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, hiki i ka hopu ʻana o ka maʻi epileptic a i ʻole ka nalo hohonu a hoʻolōʻihi ʻia o ka ʻike e hiki ʻole ai i ke kanaka ke pane i nā mea hoʻonāukiuki.

Haʻalele ka cerebral hemorrhage i ka hopena?

Ma hope o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe i ka squelae, e like me ka paʻakikī o ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ke ale ʻana, ka hele wāwae ʻana, ka hana ʻana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā a i ʻole he palakā paha lākou.

Ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli mua o ka hemorrhage cerebral, pono ʻoe e hele koke i ke kauka i hiki ke hoʻomaka ʻia ka lapaʻau ʻana, ʻoiai ke kaumaha o ka hopena i ka pae o ke kahe.

ʻO ke ala ʻoi loa e pale aku ai i ka hiki ʻana o ka maʻi heʻe cerebral a, no laila, ʻo kāna hopena, e hana i nā hana kino a loaʻa i kahi papaʻai olakino a kaulike, haʻahaʻa i ka momona a me ka paʻakai.

Nā kumu o ka maʻi heʻe cerebral

ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hemorrhage cerebral ka trauma poʻo, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i hiki ke aloha i ke kahe ʻana, e like me:

• Puʻe kiʻekiʻe;
• Nā kumu genetic;
• ʻAlekohola inu;
• Hoʻohana i nā lāʻau, e like me ka cocaine a me ka amphetamine;
• ʻO Amyloid angiopathy, ʻo ia ka hoʻā o nā moku liʻiliʻi i ka lolo;
• Nā maʻi o ke koko, e like me thrombocythemia a me hemophilia, ka mea e keʻakeʻa i ke kaʻina hoʻopili ʻana;
• Hoʻohana o nā anticoagulants, ʻoiai lākou e keʻakeʻa nei i ka hoʻopili ʻana, kahi hiki ke aloha i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko;
• ʻOrspala lolo.

ʻO kekahi kumu maʻamau o ka hemorrhage cerebral kahi aneurysm, kahi dilation i loko o kahi kīʻaha koko. Mālama kēia dilation i nā paia o kēia moku e lahilahi a palupalu, a haki paha i kēlā me kēia manawa, me ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe.

ʻO ka hōʻailona maʻamau o ka aneurysm ka ʻeha. Hōʻike kekahi poʻe i ka wela, me he mea lā he kulu kekahi. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā hōʻailona a me ka mālama ʻana i ka aneurysm cerebral.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

Hana ʻia ka hōʻailona me nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi, e like me ka resonance magnet, helu tomography a me angiography i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka ʻole o ka ʻokoʻa.

Hiki i ke kiʻi resonance ʻume mākeneka ke nānā ʻana i ka edema e pili ana i ka leona a, no laila, hiki ke ʻike i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka leona. ʻO ka tomography helu, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he mea nui i hiki i ke kauka ke nānā no ka hemorrhage a, no laila, ʻokoʻa ka maʻi hemorrhagic mai ka hahau ischemic. E ʻike i ke kumu o ka hahau ʻana a pehea e ʻalo ai iā ia.

ʻO Angiography kahi hōʻike hōʻoia e kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i loko o nā kīʻaha koko, a me ke kinona, ke kū ʻana o nā malformations a me ka hōʻailona o kahi aneurysm, no ka laʻana, hiki ke loiloi. Hoʻomaopopo pehea e hana ai a no ke aha ka angiography.

Hōʻike kekahi poʻe me ka hemorrhage cerebral i nā hopena maʻamau ma MRI a i ʻole tomography i helu ʻia. No laila, hiki i ke kauka ke noi e hana i kahi lumbar puncture, ʻo ia ka hemo ʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal mai ka iwi pūhaka, i mea e loiloi ai i ka CSF, ʻoiai ma ka hemorrhage cerebral ke koko i ka CSF.

Pehea e mālama ai

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia no ka hemorrhage cerebral me ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ke koko a me ka haʻihaʻi a hoʻemi i ke kaomi i loko o ka lolo i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kahe.

Ma waho aʻe o ke kaha ʻana, hōʻike ʻia ke kauka me nā lāʻau e kaohi i ke kahe o ke koko, ka hopu ʻana a me nā maʻi kūpono paha e ke kauka. I nā hihia ʻoi loa, hōʻike ʻia paha ke transfusions o ke koko.

E hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola ma hope o ke kahe ʻana i ka lolo a pale i ka hōʻeha he mea nui e hele i ka mea hoʻoponopono kino a i ʻole ka mea hana hana. E ʻike i ke ʻano o ka hoʻōla ma hope o ka hahau.

Nā ʻano nui o ka heʻe koko

Hoʻonui ka nui o ke koko i ka lolo a alakaʻi i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ka edema, ʻo ia ka hōʻiliʻili o nā wai. ʻO ka nui o ke koko a me nā wai e hoʻonui i ke kaomi i kaʻiʻo o ka lolo, hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke kahe o ke koko ma o ka ʻōnaehana a make i nā lolo lolo Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka cerebral hemorrhage e like me ka wahi i loaʻa i:

1. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Intraparenchymal a i ʻole intracerebral hemorrhage

ʻO kēia ʻano kahe ʻana o ke kahe e hiki ke hana i nā ʻelemākule a ʻo ia ka manawa ke kahe o ke kahe i loko o ka lolo. ʻO ia ke ʻano koʻikoʻi loa, akā ʻo ka mea maʻamau i ka heluna kanaka. Hana ʻia ia ma muli o nā tumors, nā maʻi coagulation a me nā moku hana hewa.

2. ʻO ka hemorrhage Intraventricular

Hana ʻia ka hemorrhage intraventricular i loko o ka cerebral ventricles, he mau hakahaka i ka lolo kahi e hana ai ka wai cerebrospinal. Kū pinepine kēia ʻano hemorrhage i nā keiki hānau hou, i nā hola he 48 ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, a ʻo wai ka mea i loaʻa i kekahi mau pilikia i ka wā hānau, e like me ka maʻi ʻeha hanu, kahi i hānau ʻia ai ka pēpē me nā māmā ʻole, ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka pulmonary he pilikia hanu kahi lawa ʻole o ka ea i hala. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka hāʻule o ka hū.

3. Ka heʻe koko Subarachnoid

Hana pinepine kēia kahe ma muli o ka haki o kahi aneurysm, akā hiki ke hopena i kahi hahau, a ʻike ʻia e ke kahe ʻana o ke kahe i ka hakahaka ma waena o ʻelua papa o ka meninges, ka arachnoid a me ka pia mater.

ʻO ka dura mater, arachnoid a me ka pia mater nā papa konohiki o ka meninges, ʻo ia nā membrane e laina a pale ana i ka ʻōnaehana waena. Kū pinepine ka hemorrhage Subarachnoid i ka poʻe ma waena o 20 a 40 mau makahiki.

4. Hemorrhage ma lalo

Hana ʻia ka hemorrhage Subdural i ka manawa ma waena o nā papa dura a me arachnoid o nā meninges a ʻo ka hopena pinepine o ka trauma.

5. Epidural hemorrhage

Hana kēia kahe i waena o ka dura a me ka iwi poʻo a ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio ma muli o ka haki iwi poʻo.