CBC: he aha ia a pehea e maopopo ai i ka hopena

Anter

• 1. Nā ʻulaʻula koko, erythrocytes a i ʻole erythrocytes
• 2. Nā huna ʻili keʻokeʻo (leukocytes)
• 3. Pālākeke

ʻO ka helu piha o ke koko ka hoʻāʻo o ke koko e loiloi i nā hunaola e hana i ke koko, e like me nā leukosit, i ʻike ʻia he mau koko koko keʻokeʻo, nā ʻulaʻula koko, i kapa ʻia he mau ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​erythrocytes, a me nā platelet.

ʻO ka ʻāpana o ka helu o ke koko e kūlike i ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula i kapa ʻia ʻo ka erythrogram, a ma kahi o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka nui o nā hunaola koko, e hōʻike e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, e hōʻike ana inā he kūpono kūpono ia. aiʻole me nā helu hemoglobin i ʻōlelo ʻia i loko o lākou, kahi e kōkua ai e wehewehe i nā kumu o ka anemia, no ka laʻana. Hāʻawi ʻia kēia ʻike e nā indati hematimetric, ʻo ia nā HCM, VCM, CHCM a me RDW.

ʻAʻole pono ka hoʻokēʻai ʻana no kāna hōʻiliʻili ʻana, akā koi ʻia ʻaʻole e hana i ka hoʻoikaika kino 24 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻokolohua a noho 48 mau hola me ka inu ʻole ʻana i kekahi ʻano inu inu ʻona, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi i ka hopena.

ʻO kekahi mau hanana i ʻike ʻia i ka helu o ke koko.

1. Nā ʻulaʻula koko, erythrocytes a i ʻole erythrocytes

ʻO ka erythrogram kahi ʻāpana o ka helu o ke koko kahi e kālailai ʻia ai nā ʻano o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, erythrocytes, i ʻike ʻia he erythrocytes.

Ma waho o ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, pono e helu i kahi helu koko i ko lākou ʻano morphological, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi i nā maʻi. Hana ʻia kēia loiloi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻikepili hematimetric aʻe:

• MCV a i ʻole Average Corpuscular Volume:ana i ka nui o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, i hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i kekahi ʻano anemia, e like me ka wikamina B12 a i ʻole ka defic acid folic, ka waiʻona a i ʻole nā ​​iwi o ka iwi. Inā hoʻemi ʻia ia, hōʻike paha ia i ka anemia ma muli o ka hemahema o ka hao a me nā kumu pilikino, e like me Thalassemia, no ka laʻana. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana iā VCM;
• HCM a i ʻole awelika Corpuscular Hemoglobin:kuhikuhi i ka huina hemoglobin nui ma ke kālailai ʻana i ka nui a me ke kala o ka hunaʻula. E ʻike i ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka HCM kiʻekiʻe;
• CHCM (ka awelika o ka hemoglobin corpuscular concentration): hōʻike i ka hemoglobin no kēlā me kēia ʻulaʻula, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi maʻamau i nā anemias, a kapa ʻia kēia kūlana hypochromia;
• RDW (Ka laulā o ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula): he papa kuhikuhi ia e hōʻike ana i ka pākēneka o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka nui ma waena o nā hunaola ʻulaʻula o kahi hāpana koko, no laila, inā he mau ʻulaʻula koko o nā ʻano like ʻole i ka laʻana, e loli, kahi hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona i ka hoʻomaka o ka hao a me ka vitamin deficit anemias, no ka laʻana, a me kā lākou mau helu kuhikuhi ma waena o 10 a 15%. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i RDW.

E ʻike i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i nā helu kūmole helu helu koko.

2. Nā huna ʻili keʻokeʻo (leukocytes)

ʻO ka leukogram kahi hōʻike nui e kōkua ai e hōʻoia i ka pale o ke kanaka a pehea e hiki ai i ke kino ke hana i nā hanana like ʻole, e like me nā maʻi a me nā inflammations, no ka laʻana. Ke kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka leukocyte, kapa ʻia ke kūlana ʻo leukositosis, a ʻo ka hope, leukopenia. E ʻike pehea e ʻike ai i ka hopena o ke koko keʻokeʻo.

3. Pālākeke

ʻO nā platelet nā ʻāpana maoli o nā hunaola i mea nui no ka mea kuleana lākou no ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ke kaʻina hana. ʻO ke kumukūʻai platelet maʻamau ma waena o 150,000 a 450,000 / mm³ o ke koko.

Ke hopohopo nei nā platelet kiʻekiʻe no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke kumu i ke kahe o ke koko a me ka thrombi, me ka makaʻu o ka thrombosis a me nā embolism pulmonary, no ka laʻana. Ke hoʻemi ʻia lākou, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ke kahe. E ʻike he aha nā kumu a me nā mea e hana ai inā he platelet haʻahaʻa.