Erythroblastosis Fetalis

Anter

• He aha nā hōʻailona o ka erythroblastosis fetalis?
• He aha ke kumu o ka fetalis erythroblastosis?
• Rh incompatibility
• Kūlike ʻole ʻo ABO
• Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka erythroblastosis fetalis?
• ʻO ka pinepine o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana
• Rh incompatibility
• Kūlike ʻole ʻo ABO
• Pehea e mālama ai i ka fetalis erythroblastosis?
• He aha ka manaʻo lōʻihi no ka fetry erythroblastosis?
• Hiki ke pale ʻia i nā fetalis erythroblastosis?

He aha ka fetalis erythroblastosis?

ʻulaʻula koko ʻulaʻula keokeo o ke koko (WBCs)

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka erythroblastosis fetalis?

ʻO nā pēpē e ʻike i nā ʻōnaehana erythroblastosis fetalis e like paha me ka pehu, pale, a me ka jaundice ma hope o ka hānau ʻana. ʻIke paha i kahi kauka he ake ka nui o ka pēpē ma mua o ka maʻamau a i ʻole ka ʻāpala. Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua koko ke hōʻike pū kekahi he anemia a pēpē paha kahi helu RBC haʻahaʻa. Hiki i nā pēpē ke ʻike i kahi kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo hydrops fetalis, kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka wai e hōʻiliʻili i nā wahi kahi ʻole ka wai. Hoʻopili kēia i nā hakahaka i ka:

• ʻōpū
• Puʻuwai
• māmā

Hiki ke hōʻeha kēia ʻōuli no ka mea kaomi ka wai i ka puʻuwai a hoʻopili i kona hiki ke pauma.

He aha ke kumu o ka fetalis erythroblastosis?

Aia he mau kumu nui ʻelua o ka erythroblastosis fetalis: Rh incompatibility a me ABO incompatibility. Pili nā kumu ʻelua i ke ʻano o ke koko. ʻEhā ʻano koko.

• A
• ʻO B
• AB
• ʻ

Hoʻohui ʻia, hiki i ke koko Rh maikaʻi a i ʻole Rh maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā ʻano A ʻoe a me Rh maikaʻi, loaʻa iā ʻoe nā A antigens a me nā Rh antigens ma ka papa o kāu RBC. ʻO nā antigens nā mea e hoʻonāukiuki i ka pane pale i loko o kou kino. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koko maikaʻi ʻole o AB, a laila loaʻa iā ʻoe nā antigens A a me B me ka ʻole o ka antigen Rh factor.

Rh incompatibility

Hana ʻia ka launa ʻole Rh ke hānai ʻia kahi makuahine Rh-maikaʻi ʻole e kahi makuakāne Rh-maikaʻi. ʻO ka hopena hiki ke lilo i pēpē Rh-maikaʻi. I kēlā hihia, e ʻike ʻia nā antigens Rh o kāu pēpē ma ke ʻano he poʻe hoʻouka haole, ke ala e ʻike ʻia ai nā mea hoʻomaʻi a me nā koʻohune. Hoʻouka kāu mau huna koko i ka pēpē ma ke ʻano he ʻano pale e hiki ai ke hoʻopau i ka hōʻino ʻana i ke keiki. Inā hāpai ʻoe i kāu pēpē mua, ʻaʻole pili nui ka Rh incompatibility. Eia nō naʻe, ke hānau ʻia ke keiki Rh-maikaʻi, e hana ana kou kino i nā mea pale kūʻē i ka mea Rh. E hōʻeha kēia mau mea ʻino i nā huna koko inā ʻoe e hāpai me kahi pēpē Rh-maikaʻi ʻē aʻe.

Kūlike ʻole ʻo ABO

ʻO kekahi ʻano o ke kūlike ʻole o ke koko e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i nā hunaola makuahine e kūʻē i nā hunaola o kāna pēpē ʻo ABO incompatibility. Kūpono kēia ke pili ʻole ke ʻano o ke koko o ka makuahine o A, B, a i ʻole me ka pēpē. ʻAno ʻemi iki kēia kūlana i ka hōʻino a hoʻoweliweli paha i ka pēpē ma mua o Rh incompatibility. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā pēpē ke hāpai i nā antigens laha ʻole i hiki ke waiho iā lākou i ka makaʻu no ka erythroblastosis fetalis. Hoʻopili kēia mau antigens:

• ʻO Kell
• Duffy
• ʻO Kidd
• Luterano
• Diego
• Xg
• P
• ʻ
• ʻO Cc
• Nā MNS

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka erythroblastosis fetalis?

E hōʻoia i ka erythroblastosis fetalis, e kauoha ke kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua koko maʻamau i kāu kipa prenatal mua. E hōʻoia lākou no kāu ʻano koko. E kōkua pū ka hōʻoia iā lākou e hoʻoholo inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā anti-Rh anti i loko o kou koko mai ka hāpai mua. Kākaʻikahi ka hoʻokolohua ʻia o ke ʻano o ke koko o ka fetus. He paʻakikī e hoʻāʻo no ke ʻano o ke koko o ka fetus a me ka hana ʻana pēlā e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no nā pilikia.

ʻO ka pinepine o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana

Inā hōʻike ka hoʻāʻo mua i kāu pēpē i ka makaʻu no ka erythroblastosis fetalis, e hoʻāʻo mau ʻia kou koko no nā mea ʻino ma loko o kou hāpai ʻana - ma kahi o kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻehā mau pule. Inā piʻi aʻe kāu pae antibody, hiki i ke kauka ke koi aku i kahi hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i ke kahe o ke kahe o ke kahe o ka cerebral artery, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻouka i ka pēpē. Hoʻohuoi ʻia ʻo Erythroblastosis fetalis inā pili ke kahe o ke koko o ka pēpē.

Rh incompatibility

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ke koko Rh-maikaʻi ʻole, e hoʻāʻo ʻia ke koko o ka makuakāne.Inā Rh maikaʻi ke ʻano o ke koko o ka makuakāne, ʻaʻohe pono o ka hoʻāʻo hou. Eia nō naʻe, inā Rh ke ʻano o ke koko o ka makuakāne a i ʻole ʻike ʻole ko lākou ʻano koko, e hoʻāʻo hou ʻia kou koko ma waena o 18 a 20 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana, a ma ka 26 a 27 mau pule hou. E loaʻa pū ʻoe i ka lāʻau e pale ai i ka fetalis erythroblastosis.

Kūlike ʻole ʻo ABO

Inā hoʻihoʻi ʻia kāu pēpē ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, akā ʻaʻohe hopohopo o Rh incompatibility, hiki paha i ka pēpē ke loaʻa nā pilikia ma muli o ka pili ʻole o ABO. Hana pinepine ʻole ʻo ABO ke hanau pinepine ka makuahine me ka ʻano koko O ka pēpē i loaʻa iā ʻA, B, a i ʻole AB ʻano koko. Ma muli o ka hiki i nā ʻano o ke ʻano O ke hana i nā mea ʻawa A a me B, hiki i ke koko o ka makuahine ke hoʻouka i ka pēpē. Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kēia mau ʻōuli ma mua o ka pili ʻole o Rh. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka launa ʻole o ABO ma o kahi hoʻāʻo koko i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he hōʻike Coombs. ʻO kēia hōʻike, me kahi hōʻike e hoʻoholo ai i ke ʻano o ke koko o ka pēpē, hana ʻia ma hope o ka hānau ʻana o ka pēpē. Hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi i ke ʻano o ka pēpē i ʻike ʻia he jaundiced a anemia paha. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia mau hoʻāʻo no nā pēpē āpau i loaʻa i ko lākou mau makuahine i ke ʻano O ke koko.

Pehea e mālama ai i ka fetalis erythroblastosis?

Inā loaʻa i kahi pēpē ka fetry erythroblastosis i loko o ka ʻōpū, hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā transfusions o ke koko intrauterine e hōʻemi i ka anemia. Ke oʻo a lawa pono nā māmā a me nā puʻuwai o ka pēpē no ka hānau ʻana, hiki i kahi kauka ke ʻōlelo aku e hāʻawi i ka pēpē i ka wanaʻao. Ma hope o ka hānau ʻia ʻana o kahi pēpē, pono pono ke hoʻololi hou ʻana i ke koko. ʻO ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā wai o ke pēpē me ka intravenous hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke koko haʻahaʻa. Pono paha i ka pēpē ke kākoʻo hanu manawa pokole mai ka ʻenekini a i ʻole ka mīkini hanu mīkini.

He aha ka manaʻo lōʻihi no ka fetry erythroblastosis?

ʻO nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ka erythroblastosis fetalis e pono e kiaʻi ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he ʻekolu a ʻehā mau mahina no nā hōʻailona o anemia. Koi paha lākou i nā transfusions keu. Eia nō naʻe, inā mālama ʻia ka mālama prenatal kūpono a me ka mālama postpartum, pono e pale ʻia ka erythroblastosis fetalis a ʻaʻole pono ka pēpē i nā pilikia lōʻihi lōʻihi.

Hiki ke pale ʻia i nā fetalis erythroblastosis?

ʻO kahi lapaʻau pale ʻana i ʻike ʻia ʻo RhoGAM, a i ʻole Rh immunoglobulin, hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka hopena o ka makuahine i ko lākou pēpē Rh-maikaʻi i ke koko. Lawe ʻia kēia ma ke kī ʻana ma kahi o ka pule 28th o ka hāpai keiki. Lawe hou ʻia ke kī ʻana ma 72 mau hola ma hope o ka hānau ʻana inā maikaʻi ka pēpē. Pale kēia i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole no ka makuahine inā kū kekahi o ka placenta o ke pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū.