Autoimmune encephalitis: he aha ia, nā kumu a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui
• Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• He aha ke kumu o ka encephalitis

ʻO ka autoimmune encephalitis kahi mumū o ka lolo e kū aʻe i ka wā e hoʻouka ai ka ʻōnaehana pale i nā ʻili o ka lolo iā lākou iho, e hōʻino ana i kā lākou hana a hana ʻana i nā ʻōuli e like me ke kani ʻana i ke kino, nā loli ʻike, a me nā haunaele paha, no ka laʻana, i haʻalele a haʻalele paha i ka sequelae .

He kakaikahi kēia maʻi, a hiki ke hoʻopili i ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau. Aia kekahi ʻano o ka autoimmune encephalitis, no ka mea, pili lākou i ke ʻano o ka antibody e hoʻouka i nā hunaola a me ka wahi o ka lolo i loli ʻia, me kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona nui he anti-NMDA encephalitis, encephalitis ākea e hoʻolaha ʻia a i ʻole limbic encephalitis no ka laʻana. , hiki ke ala aʻe ma muli o kahi neoplasm, ma hope o nā maʻi a me ke kumu ʻole.

ʻOiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau pilikino autoimmune encephalopathy, hiki ke mālama ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi lāʻau, e like me anticonvulsants, corticosteroids a i ʻole immunosuppressants, no ka laʻana, ka mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai i nā ʻōuli, hoʻemi i ka mumū a kōkua i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā hiki i ka lolo ke hana.

Nā hōʻailona nui

Ma muli o ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka encephalitis autoimmune i ka hana o ka lolo, ʻokoʻa nā ʻōuli e like me ka ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā hōʻailona maʻamau e pili pū me:

• Ka nāwaliwali a i ʻole nā ​​loli i ka ʻike i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino;
• Lilo o ke kaulike;
• Ka ʻōlelo paʻakikī;
• Nā neʻe manawaleʻa ʻole;
• Hoʻololi ka hihiʻo, e like me ka hihi i blur;
• Hoʻololi ka ʻike paʻakikī a me ka hoʻomanaʻo ʻana;
• Hoʻololi i ka ʻono;
• Ka paʻakikī i ka hiamoe ʻana a me ka hoʻonāukiuki pinepine ʻana;
• Nā loli i ke ʻano a me ke ʻano.

Eia hou, ke pili nui ka kamaʻilio ʻana ma waena o nā neurons, hiki iā lākou ke ala aʻe ma ke ʻano he hallucination, kuhi hewa a i ʻole nā ​​manaʻo paranoid.

No laila, hiki ke kuhi hewa ʻia kekahi mau hihia o ka autoimmune encephalitis, e like me ka maʻi psychiatric o ke ʻano schizophrenia a i ʻole maʻi maʻi bipolar. Ke hiki mai kēia, ʻaʻole hana maikaʻi ʻia ka mālama ʻana a e hōʻino paha nā ʻōuli ma ka manawa a hōʻike ʻole i nā hōʻailona o ka hoʻomaikaʻi nui.

Pehea e hana ʻia ai ke kuhi

I mea e ʻike ai i ka pololei o kēia maʻi he mea nui e nīnau aku i ka neurologist, ʻoiai me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻōuli he mea nui nō hoʻi ia e hana i nā hoʻokolohua diagnostic ʻē aʻe, e like me ka nānā ʻana o ka wai cerebrospinal, ke kiʻi ʻana o ka resonance ʻumeʻume a i ʻole electroencephalogram e ʻike ai i nā ʻili lolo. hōʻike kēlā i ke ola o ka autoimmune encephalitis.

Hiki ke hana ʻia i nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e ʻike inā aia nā mea ʻino i hiki ke hana i kēia mau ʻano loli. ʻO kekahi o nā autoantibodies nui he anti-NMDAR, anti-VGKC a i ʻole anti-GlyR, no ka laʻana, kikoʻī i kēlā me kēia ʻano encephalitis.

Eia hou, e nānā i nā encephalitis autoimmune, pono i ke kauka e kāpae i nā kumu pinepine ʻē aʻe o ka lolo e like me nā maʻi viral a bacteria paha.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Hoʻomaka ka mālama ʻana no ka autoimmune encephalitis me hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o nā ʻano o ka mālama ʻana:

• Hoʻohana o nā corticosteroids, e like me Prednisone a i ʻole Hydrocortisone, e hoʻēmi i ka pane o ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea;
• Hoʻohana o nā pale pale pale, e like me Rituximab a i ʻole Cyclophosphamide, no ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ikaika i ka hana o ka ʻōnaehana paleʻea;
• Plasmapheresis, e kānana i ke koko a hemo i nā mea ʻino i loaʻa i kēia maʻi.
• Hoʻokomo nā Immunoglobulinno ka mea, puku ia i ka paʻa ʻana o nā mea ʻino ʻino i nā hunaola o ka lolo;
• Wehe i nā tumors ʻo ia paha ke kumu o nā mea ʻino i hoʻokumu i ka encephalitis.

Pono paha nā lāʻau e hōʻemi i nā ʻōuli e like me anticonvulsants a i ʻole anxiolytic, no ka laʻana.

Eia hou, he mea nui ka mea i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka autoimmune encephalitis e hana i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana, a aia paha kahi pono no ka hoʻōla kino, ka ʻoihana hana a i ʻole ka ukali psychiatric, e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona a hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ka hopena.

He aha ke kumu o ka encephalitis

ʻO ke kumu kikoʻī o kēia ʻano encephalitis ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia, a i nā manawa he nui ʻike ʻia i ka poʻe olakino. Manaʻo ʻia he kumu paha nā autoantibodies ma hope o kekahi ʻano o ka maʻi, e nā koʻohune a i nā mea hoʻomaʻi paha, i hiki ai ke alakaʻi i nā hana ʻino pono ʻole.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ʻo autoimmune encephalitis ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi o nā hōʻike o kahi tumo i kahi mamao, e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ka maʻi ʻaʻai uterine, no ka laʻana, i kapa ʻia ʻo paraneoplastic syndrome. No laila, i ke alo o kahi autoimmune encephalitis, pono e ʻimi i ke alo o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.