He aha kāu e ʻike ai e pili ana i nā hopena o ka Dialysis

Anter

• He aha nā ʻano o ka dialysis?
• Hemodialisis
• Dialysis Peritoneal
• Ke hoʻomau nei i ke kīʻaha pani hakahaka (CRRT)
• He aha nā hopena ʻē aʻe e ke ʻano o ka dialysis?
• Hemodialisis
• Dialysis Peritoneal
• Ke hoʻomau nei i ke kīʻaha pani hakahaka (CRRT)
• Aia kekahi lapaʻau no nā hopena hopena dialysis?
• He aha ke kuanaʻike no ka poʻe me nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka dialysis?
• ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

He lāʻau mālama ola ka Dialysis no ka poʻe me ke kīkole ʻole. Ke hoʻomaka ʻoe i ka dialysis, ʻike paha ʻoe i nā hopena ʻē aʻe e like me ke kahe o ke koko, nā pono kaulike mineral, ke koko, nā maʻi, ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaupaona, a me nā mea hou aʻe.

Hiki i kāu hui mālama ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i nā hopena hopena dialysis no laila ʻaʻole lākou e alakaʻi i nā pilikia lōʻihi.

Ma kēia ʻatikala, e ʻimi mākou i nā hopena o ka dialysis, me ke kumu o lākou e hana ai a pehea e hoʻēmi ai iā lākou i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana.

He aha nā ʻano o ka dialysis?

ʻO Dialysis kahi hana olakino e kōkua i ka poʻe me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe haʻahaʻa i ka hana a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ko lākou koko. ʻO ke kūlana maʻa mau e koi ʻia ka dialysis ʻo ia ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hakuʻala. ʻEkolu ʻano o ka dialysis.

Hemodialisis

Hoʻohana ka Hemodialysis i kahi mīkini i kapa ʻia he hemodialyzer e kānana i nā ʻōpala mai ke koko.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka hemodialysis, hana ʻia kahi puka komo ma kahi o ke kino, e like me ka lima a me ka ʻāʻī. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia kiko komo i ka hemodialyzer, kahi e hana ai ma ke ʻano he hakuʻala hana e kāpae i ke koko, hoʻomaʻemaʻe iā ia, a kānana hou ia i loko o ke kino.

Dialysis Peritoneal

Pono ka dialysis Peritoneal i ke kau ʻana o kahi catheter ʻōpū. Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana i kahi wai kānana i loko o ka lua o ka ʻōpū e kānana a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ke koko. ʻO kēia wai, i kapa ʻia he dialysate, hoʻonoho ʻia i loko o ka lua peritoneal a lawe pololei i nā ʻōpala mai ke koko i kona holo ʻana.

Ke hana ka wai i kāna hana, hiki ke hoʻokahe ʻia a hoʻolei ʻia, a hiki ke hoʻomaka hou i ke kaʻina hana.

Hiki ke hana i ka dialysis Peritoneal i kou home a hana ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka pō ke hiamoe ʻoe.

Ke hoʻomau nei i ke kīʻaha pani hakahaka (CRRT)

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa mau i ka renal replacement therapy, i kapa ʻia he hemofiltration, hoʻohana pū ʻia kahi mīkini e hoʻohana i ka kānana i nā ʻōpala mai ke koko.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia kēia lāʻau no ka hōʻino ʻole ʻana o ka puʻuwai i hoʻokumu ʻia e kekahi ʻano olakino kumu.

He aha nā hopena ʻē aʻe e ke ʻano o ka dialysis?

No ka hapanui o ka poʻe me ke kīnā ʻole o ka puʻupaʻa, he hana kūpono ka dialysis. Eia nō naʻe, aia nā pilikia a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe e pili pū me kēia lāʻau.

ʻO ka hopena maʻa mau o nā kaʻina hana dialysis a pau ka luhi. ʻO nā hopena ʻē aʻe e ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana:

Hemodialisis

• Kaomi haʻahaʻa. Ke kahe haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole ke kuhiakau, i ka manawa o ka hemodialysis ma muli o ka nalowale manawa ʻole o nā wai i ka wā o ka mālama. Inā hāʻule kou kaomi koko i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, ʻike paha ʻoe i ka lōlō, ka pīhoihoi, ka ʻili clammy, a me ka hihi o ka hihi.
• Pākuʻi kaʻiʻo. Hiki ke hana i nā puʻupuʻu Muscle i ka manawa o ka dialysis ma muli o ka loli o ka wai a me ke kaulike mineral. Hiki i nā pae haʻahaʻa o ka sodium, magnesium, calcium, a me ka potassium ke pāʻani i ka cramping muscle.
• ʻIli ʻili. Ma waena o nā kau hemodialysis, hiki i nā huahana ʻōpala ke hoʻomaka e hōʻiliʻili i ke koko. No kekahi poʻe, hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i ka ʻili ʻili. Inā ka makaʻu ka mea nui i nā wāwae, hiki ke kumu ʻia i ka maʻi hoʻomaha wāwae ʻole.
• Huʻi koko. I kekahi manawa, ke hoʻonohonoho nei i kahi wahi komo e alakaʻi ai i ka liʻiliʻi o nā kīʻaha koko. Inā haʻalele ʻole ʻia, hiki i kēia ke hoʻoulu i ka hapa kiʻekiʻe o ke kino a i ʻole ke kō ʻia o ke koko.
• Maʻi kīnā. ʻO ka hoʻokomo pinepine ʻana o nā nila a i ʻole nā ​​catheters i ka manawa o ka dialysis hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hōʻike i nā bacteria. Inā komo ka bacteria i ke kahe o ke koko i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana, makaʻu paha ʻoe i ka maʻi a i ʻole sepsis. Me ka mālama ʻole koke ʻia, hiki i ka sepsis ke alakaʻi i ka make.
• Nā hopena ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ka hemodialysis e komo pū me ka anemia, ka hiamoe paʻakikī, nā ʻano puʻuwai, a me ka hopu ʻia o ka naʻau. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau hopena ma muli o ke kahe a me ke kaulike ʻole o ke mineral i hiki i ke dialysis ke kumu.

Dialysis Peritoneal

ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hopena o ka maʻi, ʻokoʻa ʻokoʻa iki nā hopena hopena dialysis peritoneal maʻamau mai nā hemodialysis.

• Peritonitis. ʻO Peritonitis kahi maʻi o ka peritoneum e kū ana inā komo ka bacteria i loko o ka peritoneum i ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka catheter a hoʻohana paha. Hiki i nā ʻōuli o ka peritonitis ke komo pū me ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, palupalu, ʻōhū, a me ka palahō.
• Hernia. Hana ʻia kahi hernia ke kipaku kahi lālā a i ʻole nā ​​momona i loko o ka hāmama o ka mākala. ʻO ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka dialysis peritoneal ka makaʻu i ka hoʻomōhala ʻana i kahi hernia ʻōpū no ka mea nā wahi dialysate ke kaomi hou aʻe ma ka paia o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka ʻōuli maʻamau ka puʻu ʻōpū liʻiliʻi.
• Koko kō kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa i kahi Dialysate kahi kō i kapa ʻia ʻo dextrose, kahi e hoʻohana mau ʻia ai i ka wā o ka nutrra intravenous. Hāpai nā sugars e like me dextrose i ke kō kō, kahi e hoʻokau ai i ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes e pono ai i ka dialysis peritoneal ma ka makaʻu no ka hyperglycemia.
• ʻO ka potassium kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka potassium kiʻekiʻe, i ʻike ʻia ʻo hyperkalemia, kahi hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau o ka holo pono ʻole ʻana o ka hakuʻala. Ma waena o nā manawa dialysis, hiki i kāu pae potassium ke kūkulu aʻe ma muli o ka nele o ka kānana kūpono.
• Kaumaha hoʻonui. Hiki ke loaʻa ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā calorie mai ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka dialysate. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi ʻano o nā kumu ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻopili i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha i ka wā dialysis, e like me ka nele o ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ka meaʻai.
• Nā hopena ʻē aʻe. No kekahi poʻe, ʻo ke koʻikoʻi a me ka hopohopo o nā kaʻina hana olakino mau i hiki ke alakaʻi i ke kaumaha. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia kahi noiʻi e pili ana i ka dialysis a me ka dementia ma hope o ke ola.

Ke hoʻomau nei i ke kīʻaha pani hakahaka (CRRT)

ʻAʻole i aʻo nui ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao o CRRT e like me nā mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokahi mai ka 2015 i ʻike ʻo nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau o CRRT i hoʻopili ʻia:

• haʻahaʻa pae pae kalipuna, i kapa ʻia hypocalcemia
• kiʻekiʻe pae calcium, i kapa ʻia hypercalcemia
• kiʻekiʻe pae phosphorus, i kapa ʻia hyperphosphatemia
• haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa
• hypothermia
• arrythmia
• anemia
• helu platelet haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole thrombositopenia

Aia kekahi lapaʻau no nā hopena hopena dialysis?

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hopena ʻē aʻe o ka dialysis, me ke kahe o ke koko a me nā ʻano puʻuwai ʻē aʻe, e kū ana ma muli o ke kaulike ʻole o ka nutrient i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana. Hiki i kahi dietitian i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ke hāʻawi i nā ʻōlelo papaʻai kūpono, e like me ka mea e ʻai ai a me nā mea e hōʻalo ai.

Nā mea ʻē aʻe hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o nā hopena ʻaoʻao dialysis me:

• ke nānā pinepine nei i kāu pūnaewele, i hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi
• ke loaʻa ʻana o ka lawa pono o ka hoʻoikaika kino, e like me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa aerobic haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa, i hiki ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ke kaupaona
• ka wai inu a i ʻole nā ​​wai e like me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a kāu kauka, hiki ke hōʻemi i ka make wai
• ʻo ka loaʻa pinepine ʻana o nā kau dialysis, i hōʻike ʻia e hōʻemi ai i ka hopena o ke kahe o ke koko haʻahaʻa a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha
• leʻaleʻa i kāu mau hana punahele, hiki ke hoʻonui i kou ʻano i loko o ka mālama ʻana

ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hopena dialysis, he mea nui e mālama i kāu hui mālama i loko o ka loop e pili ana i nā mea āpau āu e ʻike nei. E ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o nā ʻōuli ma hope a i ʻole ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka dialysis.

• paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana
• huikau a pilikia paha e noʻonoʻo ana
• ʻeha, ʻulaʻula, a pehu paha i nā lālā
• wela ma luna o 101 ° F
• nalowale o ka ʻike

Pili paha kēia mau ʻōuli me ka hypotension, hyperglycemia, ke koko clots, a i ʻole ka maʻi nui a koi koke ʻia ka lāʻau.

He aha ke kuanaʻike no ka poʻe me nā hopena ʻaoʻao mai ka dialysis?

Inā loaʻa ʻole ʻoe i nā puʻupaʻa a ʻaʻole hana hou nā puʻupaʻa, koi paha ʻoe i ka dialysis o ke ola. Kuhi kēia e ʻike paha ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o ka dialysis ma kahi pinepine. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola i ke ola piha i ka mālama ʻana i kāu mau hōʻailona me ke kōkua o kāu hui mālama.

ʻO ka lawe lawe ʻana

ʻO nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau o ka hemodialysis e pili ana i ke kahe o ke koko haʻahaʻa, ke komo ʻana i ka maʻi o ke kahua, nā puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu, ka ʻili ʻili, a me nā huʻa koko. ʻO nā hopena maʻa mau o ka dialysis peritoneal e komo pū me ka peritonitis, hernia, nā loli kō kō, nā imbalances potassium, a me ka loaʻa kaumaha.

Hōʻike i kekahi hōʻailona i loaʻa iā ʻoe i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana i kāu kime mālama. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele iā lākou me ka loli o ka papaʻai a me ka nohona.

Inā ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi hōʻailona o ke kaomi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, ke kō kiʻekiʻe o ke kō, nā maʻi koko, a i ʻole kahi maʻi pālahalaha, pono ʻoe e ʻimi koke i ka lāʻau.