Mea Kākau: Tamara Smith
Lā O Ka Hana: 20 Ianuali 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 21 Nowemapa 2024
Anonim
Camp Chat Q&A #3: Hut Insulation - First Aid - Fingernails - Languages - and more
Wikiō: Camp Chat Q&A #3: Hut Insulation - First Aid - Fingernails - Languages - and more

Anter

ʻO ka ʻai ʻana o ka wai i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻia, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka wai maka, hiki ke hāpai i nā ʻōuli a me kekahi mau maʻi, e like me leptospirosis, cholera, hepatitis A a me giardiasis, no ka laʻana, ʻoi aku ka pinepine i nā keiki ma waena o 1 a 6 mau makahiki, nā wahine hāpai a me nā ʻelemakule, ma muli o nā loli i ka ʻōnaehana pale, i hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia he pilikia olakino lehulehu.

Kūpono kēia mau maʻi no ka mea hiki ke ulu maʻalahi kekahi mau microorganism i ka wai a, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o kēia e hana i nā kahawai a me nā loko i hoʻohaumia ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka wai mai nā kumuwaiwai crystalline e kekahi ʻano bacteria, parasite a virus paha. Eia hou, hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke hana ʻole ka wai i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe e hoʻopau i nā microorganism e hoʻohaumia i ka wai, keu hoʻi nā kuleana no nā maʻi.

No laila, he mea nui e nānā ke kanaka i ka wai i hoʻopau ʻia no ka inu ʻana a no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā meaʻai a, inā kānalua inā kūpono ka wai e hoʻohana ai, hiki i kekahi ke hoʻohana i kahi hopena o ka sodium hypochlorite, no ka laʻana.


Nā maʻi nui i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka wai haumia

ʻOiai he ʻokoʻa lākou, ʻo kekahi o nā maʻi nui i hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia e ka wai kū a i ʻole nā ​​sewage i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻole ʻia.

1. Hepatitis A

ʻO ka Hepatitis A kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi ʻohanaʻO Picornavirus a hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka maʻi. He maʻi lele loa kēia maʻi, ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻā ʻana o ke ake a, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka maʻa mau, i kekahi mau manawa hiki ke loli a make loa ke waiho ʻole ʻia.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōuli o Hepatitis ma kahi o 4 mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻohaumia ʻia ʻana e ka maʻi, nā ʻōuli nui o ka Hepatitis A he mimi ʻeleʻele, noho aliʻi māmā, melemele o ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous, ke kuni, nā haʻalulu, ka naʻau nāwaliwali, nausea, nalo ʻole o ka makemake a me luhi.


Pehea ka lāʻau:Hoʻolālā ka lāʻau no Hepatitis A e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi, a hōʻike ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā analgesic a me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory. Eia hou, pono ke kauka e koi i ka hoʻomaha a me ka inu ʻana i nā wai he nui. E aʻo i ka mea e hana ai e ola wikiwiki mai ka hepatitis A.

2. Giardiasis

ʻO Giardiasis kahi maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana digestive i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka parasite ʻO Giardia lamblia nona ka hoʻolilo ʻia ma o ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai a wai paha i hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā feces i loaʻa nā cist o ka parasite, kahi maʻi maʻi hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ma waena o nā poʻe.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: ʻO nā ʻōuli kuhikuhi nui o ka giardiasis ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka maʻi pākī, ke kuni, ka palaho, nāwaliwali a me ka pohō kaumaha.

Pehea ka lāʻau:Hana ʻia ka lapaʻau me nā lāʻau e hakakā i ka parasite, e like me Metronidazole a i ʻole Tinidazole, i kuhikuhi ʻia e ke kauka. Paipai ʻia hoʻi e hoʻopau i nā wai i loko o ka lā, a i ka wā o ka make nui loa ma muli o ka palahī, pono pono ka hydration i ke aa koko.


3. Amoebiasis a i ʻole Amoebic Dysentery

ʻO Amoebiasis a i ʻole amoebic disentery kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka protozoanEntamoeba histolytica, e kau i ka ʻōpū a pale i ka lawe ʻana i nā mea nui nui no ke kino. Hoʻouna ʻia ia ma o ka ʻai ʻana o ka meaʻai a i ʻole ka wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia e nā feces i loaʻa nā cents amoebic oʻo. E aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia maʻi i ka Amebiasis.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā ʻōuli nui o ka amoebiasis ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, ka maʻi pākī, ke kuni a me ka haʻalulu, a me nā noho koko a mucous paha i kekahi mau hihia. I nā hihia ʻoi loa, hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻomohala i ke ʻano invasive, kahi e loaʻa ai nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ke akepaʻa, ka hanu a me ka lolo hoʻi.

Pehea ka lāʻau: Ma ka laulaha, hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau antiparasitic e like me Secnidazole, Metronidazole a i ʻole Tinidazole e hakakā i ka amebiasis, akā alakaʻi ʻia ka lōʻihi a me ka lāʻau e ke kauka e like me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.

4. Leptospirosis

ʻO Leptospirosis kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi bacteria i loko o ka mimi o nā ʻiole hemo, a i ʻole nā ​​holoholona ʻino e like me nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki, i komo i loko o ke kino ma o ka pili ʻana i ka lepo o kēia mau holoholona a i ʻole ka wai hoʻohaumia me nā ʻeha ʻeha a me nā membrane mucous, e like me maka, ihu.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: ʻO nā ʻōuli nui o ka leptospirosis ʻo ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi poʻo, ʻeha o ke kino, ka nele o ka makemake, ka luaʻi, ka maʻi diarrhea a me ka haʻalulu.

Pehea ka lāʻau: Pono e alakaʻi ʻia ka lāʻau no ka leptospirosis e ke kauka, a ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo e kaua aku ai i nā koʻohune a me nā analgesics e hōʻoluʻolu ai i ka ʻeha a me ke kuni. E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka mea a pehea e pale aku ai i ka leptospirosis.

5. Kolera

ʻO Cholera kahi maʻi ʻōpū i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteriaʻO Vibrio choleraeka mea hiki ke hoʻohaumia i ka wai a me ka meaʻai. ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā mea make e kēia koʻohune ke kuleana no ke ʻano o nā ʻōuli, a he mea nui e hana koke ʻia ka ʻike o kēia koʻohune i mea e hōʻalo ai i nā pilikia, e like me ka maloʻo loa.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: Hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona Cholera ma waena o 2 a me 5 mau lā ma hope o ka maʻi ma o ka maʻi koʻohune a aia ka maʻi nui loa a me ka luaʻi, hiki ke hopena i ka make nui loa.

Pehea ka lāʻau:ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka cholera ka pahuhopu nui o ka pale ʻana i ka make wai, ʻo ia ke kumu e koi ʻia ai e hana i ka hydration waha a, i nā hihia ʻoi loa, pololei i ka aa, a pono pono ka hoʻokipa a me ka mālama ʻana me nā lāʻau ʻaloʻalo.

E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ke kolera.

6. Ascariasis a i ʻole roundworm

ʻO Ascariasis kahi verminosis i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka parasiteNā lumbricoides ʻo Ascaris, i kapa ʻia ʻo roundworm, kahi e noho ai, hoʻomohala a hoʻonui i ka ʻōpū. Lawe ʻia kēia maʻi ma o ka lawe ʻana i ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​meaʻai i haumia me nā hua manu a ka parasite.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: ʻO nā ʻōuli nui o ka ascariasis ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, nausea, paʻakikī i ka neʻe ʻana a me ka nalo ʻole o ka makemake.

Pehea ka lāʻau: Hana ʻia ka lapaʻau me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antiparasitic i hōʻike ʻia e ke kauka, e like me Albendazole, pono e hana ʻia e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka lāʻau.

7. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai typhoid

ʻO ka typhoid Fever kahi maʻi lele i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā bacteriaʻO Salmonella typhi, a me kona lawe ʻana i hana ʻia ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai a me nā meaʻai i haumia me ka parasite.

Nā Hōʻailona Nui: ʻO ke kuni kiʻekiʻe, ka luaʻi, ka ʻōpū, ka paʻa paʻa, ka palahī, ka maʻi poʻo, ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka pohō kaumaha a i ʻole nā ​​ʻulaʻula ma ka ʻili e hōʻike ana i ka fiva typhoid. Hoʻomaopopo i ke kuni typhoid a pehea e ʻike ai i nā ʻōuli.

Pehea ka lāʻau: Hana ʻia ka mālama ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau antibiotic, e like me ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ka lāʻau lapaʻau, me ka hoʻomaha a me ka hydration i mea nui i ka wā o ka hoʻōla. He maʻi kēia e hiki ke pale ʻia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau typhoid.

Pehea e pale ai i nā maʻi

I mea e pale aku ai a pale aku ai i kēia mau maʻi, hoʻopili ʻia ka pili ʻana i ka wai hoʻonoe wai, hoʻohaumia ʻia a mālama ʻole ʻia paha o ka wai, nā waikahe, nā ʻala a me nā kahawai me nā wai kū i luna, a hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana o nā loko kolinine i hana ʻole ʻia.

I mea e hōʻoia ai i kou palekana, pono ia e hoʻolapalapa i ka wai ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ia, e holoi a hoʻomākaukau paha i ka meaʻai a i ʻole inu paha, ke kānana ʻole ʻia. Eia hou, hiki iā ʻoe ke koho e hoʻohana i ka sodium hypochlorite e hoʻopau a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai.

Pehea e ʻike ai inā haumia ka wai

Hiki ke kānalua ʻia ua haumia ka wai, a no laila ʻaʻole kūpono ia no ka ʻai ʻana, ke loaʻa kekahi ʻano e like me:

  • ʻIke ke ʻano lepo, ʻohu a lepo paha;
  • He onaona kona;
  • Aia nā huna liʻiliʻi o ka lepo i kāpae ʻia i ka wai;
  • ʻAʻole aniani moakaka pono ia, me ka melemele, ʻalani a me nā kala brownish.

Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻomaʻemaʻe paha ka wai a haumia nō naʻe, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koho ʻana i ka wai kānana a i ʻole ka wai mineral ʻōmole, i hoʻokau ʻia i nā hoʻokolohua maikaʻi.

He aha e hana ai i ka wā e hoʻohaumia ʻia ka aila

Ke pili me ka ʻaila a wai paha i hoʻohaumia ʻia e kēia mea waiwai, he mea nui e holoi maikaʻi i ka ʻāina me ke kopa a me ka wai a e makaʻala i ke ʻano o nā hoʻololi a me nā ʻili e pili paha i kēia hōʻike. i ka haukapila a i ka haukapila inā ulu nā ʻōuli. Wahi a nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli i hōʻike ʻia e ke kanaka, hiki i ka loio maʻamau ke koi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā corticosteroids a me ka hydration.

ʻOiai ma ka hapanui o nā hihia e pili ana nā maʻi i lawe ʻia e ka wai haumia i ke kū ʻana o nā microorganism, hiki nō hoʻi ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi ke pili ʻia me ka aila i loaʻa i loko o ka wai, ʻo kēia mau hōʻike maʻi ke hopena. o ka hopena o ka ʻili i nā kemika i loaʻa i loko o kēlā waiwai a i ʻole no ka inhalation o nā ʻaila ʻaila. Eia hou, hiki i ka hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi ke makemake i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi ʻoi loa, e like me ka leukemia a me nā maʻi neurological.

Ke hōʻike ʻia ke kanaka i ka aila no ka manawa lōʻihi, me ka ʻole o kekahi ʻano o ka pale, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kekahi mau hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli, e like me nā maka kuni, ʻeha a me nā ʻulaʻula a me nā kiko ma ka ʻili, ʻeha poʻo, nausea, luaʻi a hoʻololi i ka hanu, e like me ka paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana, no ka laʻana.

No laila, i mea e pale ʻole ai i nā ʻōuli a me ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi, he mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono hana pale pilikino ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana me ka aila, e like me ka mask mask, nā makaaniani, nā mīkina lima a me nā puki a me nā galoshes rubber. Hoʻohui ʻia, koi ʻia e ʻaʻahu i nā kapa wai ʻole e uhi i nā wāwae a me nā lima.

Pehea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i ka wai no ka inu

Hypochlorite e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai

I mea e maikaʻi ai ka wai haumia no ka inu ʻana, pono e hoʻohana ʻia kahi hopena i kapa ʻia ʻo sodium hypochlorite, i kūʻai ʻia ma nā hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā mākeke nui, akā hāʻawi ʻia ia e ke aupuni. E hoʻokuʻu wale i 2 a 4 mau kulu o ka sodium hypochlorite no kēlā me kēia 1 lita o ka wai a kali i 30 mau minuke e hiki ai ke hoʻopau i kēia wai. E ʻike i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ka sodium hypochlorite.

Kōkua ka paila i ka wai no 1 mau minuke e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai, akā ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonā i ka pilikia a no laila ʻaʻole e kāpae i ka hoʻohana ʻana o hypochlorite. Eia hou, i ka hihia o ka haumia me ka mercury, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻolapalapa ʻia ka wai no ka mea hiki ke hele i ka mercury i ka lewa, e hoʻonui ana i ka makaʻu o ka haumia.

Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau papa hana e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia me nā mea ʻino, nā koʻohune a me nā colec fecal, i hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā wai cistern, nā luawai artesian, nā luawai liʻiliʻi a inā he haumia me ka wai ua. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā o ka wai hālana, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻolālā maikaʻi e hoʻohana i ka wai lepo a lepo hoʻi no ka mea ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka palu e hoʻopau.

ʻO ka wai i hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka lepo, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma o ke kaʻina i kapa ʻia he decantation, kahi e hana maʻamau ai i nā ʻoihana mālama wai i nā kūlanakauhale. ʻO kahi coagulant i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hemo i ka sludge mai ka wai ka polymer wattle ʻeleʻele, kahi huahana meaola e hōʻeha ʻole i ke olakino. Hiki i kēia mea ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka wai mai ka lepo, akā ma hope o kēia kaʻina hana, pono e mālama pono ʻia ka wai.

E nānā i nā hana hana home āpau e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai ma ka home.

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