Ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu: hoʻōla a me nā koho lapaʻau

Anter

• Nā ʻano nui o ka mālama ʻana
• 1. ʻoki kino
• 2. ʻO Chemotherapy
• 3. Immunotherapy
• 4. Radiotherapy
• 5. Hoʻōla lāʻau Photodynamic
• 6. Hoʻomaʻo laser
• 7. Ka hoʻopau pinepine ʻana i ka lekiō
• He aha ka makahiki i koho ʻia?

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū ka maʻi nui i hōʻike ʻia e ke kū ʻana o nā ʻōuli e like me ke kao, hoarseness, paʻakikī i ka hanu a me ka pohō kaumaha.

ʻOiai ʻo ka paʻakikī, hiki ke hiki ke hōʻola ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻā lung ke ʻike ʻia i ka wanaʻao, a me kāna mālama ʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia me ke kaha ʻana, radiation a chemotherapy, a hiki ke hala i mau mahina a mau makahiki paha. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea maʻamau ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa lung i ka pae holomua o ka maʻi, ulu wikiwiki loa ia, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manawa e ola ai.

Nā ʻano nui o ka mālama ʻana

Hoʻololi ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā ma muli o ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, kāna hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka nui o ka tumo, ke kū ʻana o nā metastases a me ke olakino laulā. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā ʻano lapaʻau e hoʻohana mau ʻia:

1. ʻoki kino

Hana ʻia ke kaha me ke kumu o ka wehe ʻana i ka tumo a me nā lymph node i hoʻopili ʻia e ka maʻi ʻaʻai, i mea e pale aku ai i nā hunaola maʻi maʻi mai nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i nā ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, hiki i nā kaukōpō thoracic ke hana i nā ʻōkuhi aʻe aʻe e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi.

• ʻO Lobectomy: ʻo ia ka wā e hemo ai kahi ʻāpana holoʻokoʻa o ka akemāmā, a ʻo ia ke ʻano o ke keʻoki kūpono loa no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, ʻoiai ke liʻiliʻi nā ʻōpuʻu;
• Pneumectomy: hana ʻia ia ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka lung āpau a hōʻike ʻia ke nui ka tumo a kū kokoke i ke kikowaena;
• Māhele: Wehe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka puʻupuʻu māmā me ka maʻi ʻaʻai. Hōʻike ʻia ia no nā mea maʻi me nā tumors liʻiliʻi a i ʻole i ka nāwaliwali o ke olakino;
• Hoʻoiho lima: ʻaʻole ia he laha loa a hana ʻia e wehe i kahi tumo e pili ana i ka ʻāpana o ka bronchi, ʻo ia nā paipu e lawe i ka ea i loko o nā akemāmā.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hana ʻia nā ʻoki ʻana ma ka wehe ʻana i ka pahu, i kapa ʻia he thoracotomies, akā hiki ke hana ʻia me ke kōkua o ke wikiō, i kapa ʻia he ʻoki kua thoracic i kōkua ʻia e ka wikiō. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke ʻoki wikiō, loaʻa ka manawa pōkole o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a me ke kumu e hōʻemi ai i ka ʻeha postoperative ma mua o ke kaha hāmama, akā ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻia no nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻaiā āpau.

ʻO ka manawa hoʻōla mai ke ʻoki kino hilinaʻi ʻia i ke ʻano o ke kaha ʻana i hana ʻia, akā ʻo ka maʻamau ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma hope o 7 mau lā a ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana a hoʻi i nā hana maʻamau hiki ke hala ma 6 a 12 mau pule. Hāʻawi ke kauka iā ʻoe i nā lāʻau hōʻoluʻolu ʻeha a koi paha i ka physiotherapy respiratory e kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kou hanu.

Ma hope o ke kaha ʻana he hiki paha i nā pilikia e like me ka paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana, kahe ʻana o ke kahe a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi a ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui mau ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka a lawe i nā lāʻau i hōʻike ʻia.

Eia hou, ma hope o ke kaha ʻana ua kau ʻia kahi waikahe e hoʻoneʻe i ke koko a me nā wai i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i ke ʻoki, pono e mālama i ka mālama ʻana i ka lole o ka ʻauwai a hoʻomaopopo mau i ka hiʻohiʻona o ka ʻike ma loko o ka ʻauwai. E nānā i nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka ʻauwai ma hope o ke kahakaha ʻana.

2. ʻO Chemotherapy

ʻO Chemotherapy kahi lāʻau maʻamau no nā ʻano like ʻole o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka pahuhopu e luku i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, aia i loko o ka akemā a hoʻolaha paha i loko o ke kino. Hana ʻia kēia ʻano lapaʻau ma o ka noi ʻana i nā lāʻau ma o ke aa a i ʻole nā ​​injection, i kekahi mau hihia i ʻoi aku ke kikoʻī e waiho i nā papa. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka chemotherapy e luku a hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻana i ka chemotherapy e pili ana i ka ʻano, ka nui a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, akā ma ka awelika he 1 mau makahiki ka lōʻihi. Kapa ʻia nā wā Chemotherapy he pōʻaiapuni, a hana ʻia kēlā me kēia pōʻaiapuni i kēlā me kēia 3 a 4 mau pule. Koi ʻia ka manawa hoʻomaha ma waena o kēlā me kēia pōʻaiapuni no ka mea luku pū ka chemotherapy i nā hunaola olakino e pono ai ke ola.

ʻO nā lāʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka chemotherapy no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi ʻo Cisplatin, Etoposide, Gefitinib, Paclitaxel, Vinorelbine a i ʻole Vinblastine a kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kauka lapaʻau e hōʻike ai ke kauka, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohana pū ʻia ma waena o lākou a me nā ʻano lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. , ʻo kahi laʻana. laʻana, hiki ke hana ʻia ma mua a ma hope paha o ke kaha ʻana.

Eia nō naʻe, he mea maʻamau ia no nā hopena ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kēia mau lāʻau e ala aʻe, e like me ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho, ka pehu ʻana o ka waha, ka pau ʻole o ka makemake, ka palaho a me ka luaʻi, ka palahī a me ka paʻa paʻa, nā maʻi, nā maʻi koko a me ka luhi nui loa, no ka laʻana . Hoʻomaopopo i ka mea e hana ai e hoʻemi i nā hopena o ka chemotherapy.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hopena e nalo ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka lāʻau, akā i kekahi mau manawa hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hōʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​hana hoʻōla e hōʻoluʻolu ai i nā ʻōuli a maʻalahi hoʻi ka mālama ʻana e ka maʻi. E nānā i kahi ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo maʻalahi pehea e hoʻokuʻu ai i nā hopena ʻaoʻao nui o ka chemotherapy:

3. Immunotherapy

Hana kekahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻa puʻupuʻu i nā protein i pale i nā pale pale o ke kino mai ka luku ʻana i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai. No laila, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau e ālai i ka hana o kēia mau protein i ke kino e hakakā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO kēia mau lāʻau i loko o ka immunotherapy, no ka mea kōkua lākou i ka pale o ke kino e mālama i ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi. ʻO kekahi o nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa he atezolizumab, durvalumab, nivolumab a me pembrolizumab. I kēia manawa, hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau ʻē aʻe e like me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai like ʻole.

Loaʻa nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe i nā lāʻau Immunotherapy ma mua o ka chemotherapy, a ʻoi aku ka nawaliwali o kēia mau hopena, akā naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka luhi, ka pōkole o ka hanu a me ka diarrhea.

4. Radiotherapy

He lāʻau lapaʻau ʻo Radiotherapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻupuʻu kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ka radiation e hōʻino ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ka radiation waho ma o kahi mīkini e hoʻopuka i nā kaola radiation, a i ʻole ia e brachytherapy, kahi e hoʻokau ʻia ai ka mea radioactive ma kahi o ka tumo.

Ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i nā kau radiotherapy, hana ʻia kahi hoʻolālā a hana ʻia nā māka ma ka ʻili, kahi e hōʻike ai i ke kau pololei ma ka mīkini radiotherapy, a no laila, aia mau nā kau āpau i ka wahi i kaha ʻia.

ʻO ka radiation radiation, e like me chemotherapy, hiki ke hana pū ʻia me nā ʻano lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, e like me ma mua o ke kaha ʻana, e hoʻemi i ka nui o ka tumo, a i ʻole ma hope paha, e luku ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka akemāmā. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kēia ʻano lapaʻau ke hopena i nā hopena ʻaoʻao, e like me ka luhi, ka nalowale o ka makemake, ka ʻāʻī ʻāʻī, ka mumū kahi e hoʻopili ʻia ai ka pāhawewe, ke kuni, ka puʻu a me ka hanu, no ka laʻana.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, nalo nā hopena ʻaoʻao i ka hopena o ka lapaʻau ʻana, akā ʻo kekahi mau ʻōuli, e like me ke kahe ʻana, ka hanu a me ke kuni, e hōʻike ana i ka mumū o nā akemāmā, mau paha kekahi mau mahina. ʻIke i ka mea e ʻai ai e hōʻemi i nā hopena o radiation radiation.

5. Hoʻōla lāʻau Photodynamic

Hoʻohana ʻia ka lāʻau Photodynamic therapy no ka maʻi ʻaʻa lung i nā wā mua o ka maʻi ke pono e wehe i nā alaloa i ālai ʻia e ka tumo. Hoʻohui ʻia kēia lāʻau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā, i injected i loko o ke kahe o ke koko i mea e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

Ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka lāʻau i loko o ka tumo, hoʻopili ʻia kahi kukuna kukuna ma ka pūnaewele e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai, a laila hemo ʻia e ka bronchoscopy. Hiki i ka Photodynamic therapy ke hoʻoulu i ke ala ea no kekahi mau lā, e hōʻemi ana i ka hanu, ka maʻi koko a me ka phlegm, hiki ke mālama ʻia ma ka haukapila.

6. Hoʻomaʻo laser

Hoʻohana ʻia ka laser therapy i kekahi mau hihia o ka maʻi ʻaʻaʻa, akā inā he liʻiliʻi ka tumo. I kēia ʻano lapaʻau, hoʻohana ʻia ka kukuna ma o ka endoscopy, ma o ka paipu hikiwawe i hoʻokomo ʻia ma o ka waha i ka akemāmā, i kapa ʻia he bronchoscope, i mea e luku ai i nā pūnaʻi maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana no ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka laser e like me ka hana ʻana i kahi endoscopy, hala ka awelika o 30 mau minuke, e koi ana i kahi wikiwiki o 6 mau hola a hana ʻia ka hoʻohiamoe e hiamoe ai i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo a me ka ʻeha ʻole.

7. Ka hoʻopau pinepine ʻana i ka lekiō

I nā hihia kahi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā i ka wā mua, hōʻike ʻia ka ablope radiofrequency ma kahi o ke ʻoki. Hoʻohana ia i ka wela i hana ʻia e nā nalu uila e pepehi i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o ka māmā, e hoʻohana ana i nā nila a i ʻole nā ​​paipu e wela ai a luku hoʻi i ka tumo. Alakaʻi ʻia kēia mau nila e ka tomography i ʻike ʻia e ʻike i kahi kikoʻī o ka tumo.

Hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma lalo o ka hoʻohiamoe a hala ma kahi o 30 mau minuke. Ma hope o ka hana ʻana i kēia lāʻau, lilo paha ka pūnaewele i mea ʻeha, no laila ke kauka i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻeha, e like me nā mea ʻeha.

He aha ka makahiki i koho ʻia?

ʻO ke ola o ke ola ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā he ʻokoʻa mai 7 mau mahina a i 5 mau makahiki, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i nā kumu he nui, e like me ke olakino laulā, ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai a me ka hoʻomaka o ka lapaʻau ʻOiai ke ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai i ka manawa mua, ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe loa ka manawa o ka hoʻōla, no ka mea he manawa nui loa ia e hoʻi ai, a hiki i ka hapalua o nā hihia.