Melanoma: he aha ia, nā ʻano nui a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• Nā hōʻailona nui a me nā ʻōuli
• Nā ʻano nui
• 1. Melanoma ākea loa
• 2. Melanoma nodular
• 3. Malentant lentigo melanoma
• 4. Acral lentiginous melanoma
• ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻu loa i ka melanoma
• Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau
• Hiki ke hoola ʻia ʻo Melanoma?
• Pehea e pale ai i ka melanoma

ʻO Melanoma kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai maʻi kolohe e hoʻomohala i nā melanocytes, ʻo ia nā ʻili o ka ʻili ke kuleana no ka hana o melanin, ka mea hāʻawi i ke kala i ka ʻili. No laila, ʻoi aku ka pinepine o ka melanoma ke loaʻa pinepine nā liona i loko o kēia mau hunaola, hiki ke hana ʻia ma muli o ke kū ʻana i ka radiation ultraviolet mai ka lā a i ʻole ka hana ʻili ʻino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi loa, hiki i ka melanoma ke hōʻike ʻia i nā maka a i ʻole nā ​​membrane mucous e like me ka waha, ka ihu, ka ʻāʻī, anus, ka puki a i ʻole ka gastrointestinal tract, no ka laʻana.

I kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai, ulu wikiwiki nā melanocytes, kūpono ʻole a kaohi ʻole ʻia a, no laila, hiki ke pālahalaha aku i nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka akemāmā, ka lolo, ka ate, nā iwi a me nā ʻōpū, e hana ana i nā metastases, ka mea e paʻakikī ai ka mālama ʻana a me nā manawa liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻōla.

No laila, i ka hōʻailona mua o nā loli i ka helehelena o ka ʻili a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o nā hōʻailona, ​​pono e nīnau ʻia kahi dermatologist e hoʻomaopopo koke i ka melanoma, e kōkua ana i ka lāʻau a hoʻonui i nā manawa o ka hoʻōla.

Nā hōʻailona nui a me nā ʻōuli

ʻO nā hōʻailona mua a me nā hōʻailona o ka melanoma ke ʻano o kahi ʻeleʻele i ka ʻili, hoʻololi i ka nui, ke ʻano a i ʻole ke kala o kahi e kū nei a wahi paha. Hoʻohui ʻia, nā kiko a i ʻole nā ​​stains i kahe maʻalahi a me ke kū ʻana o nā ʻeha e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa e hoʻolaʻi ai hiki ke hōʻike ʻia o melanoma.

E ʻike i ka wikiō aʻe e ʻike ai i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai melanoma.

Nā ʻano nui

Hoʻololi nā ʻano melanoma e like me ka wahi o ka puka a me kāna ʻano o ka hoʻomohala ʻana, ʻo nā ʻano nui:

1. Melanoma ākea loa

ʻO ka melanoma nui nui ka melanoma maʻamau a hoʻomohala mua ʻia i loko o nā huna nui o ka ʻili, a hiki ke pālahalaha i nā wahi hohonu o ka ʻili.

Hoʻomaka kēia ʻano melanoma me nā ʻāpana o ka brown a i ʻole ke kala ʻeleʻele ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma ka ʻili a i ʻole he mau ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, ʻeleʻele a uliuli paha.

2. Melanoma nodular

ʻO Nodular melanoma ka lua o nā ʻano melanoma maʻamau a ʻoi loa ka hakakā no ka mea he ulu wikiwiki a hiki i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino mai ka hoʻomaka.

Hoʻomaka kēia ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai e like me kahi puʻupuʻu i piʻi aʻe, paʻakikī a ʻeleʻele paha, bluish a ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula hoʻi a kumu ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli. Eia nō naʻe, he tumo maʻalahi ia e hoʻomaopopo ai ma muli o ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ka nui o ka leona.

3. Malentant lentigo melanoma

Kū pinepine ka lentigo melanoma ma nā wahi i hōʻike pinepine ʻia i ka lā, e like me ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, ka ʻili a me ke kua o nā lima, ʻo ka mea maʻamau i ka poʻe ʻelemākule me ka ʻili i hōʻino nui ʻia e ka lā.

Hiki i kēia ʻano melanoma ke hoʻouka i nā papa hohonu o ka ʻili a hoʻomaka me kahi pālahalaha ma ka ʻili, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha, me nā palena kaulike a me nā kala like ʻole e like me nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele ma luna.

4. Acral lentiginous melanoma

ʻO ka melanoma Acral lentiginous melanoma ka mea rarer a hoʻomaka mua i nā papa superficial o ka ʻili, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pāma, ka wāwae o nā wāwae a me nā kui, ʻo ia ka melanoma maʻamau i nā ʻeleʻele, nā ʻAsia a me nā Hispanics.

ʻO wai ka mea e makaʻu loa i ka melanoma

Ma waho aʻe o ka hōʻike ʻana i ka lā a me ka pā mau pinepine ʻana o ka lā, hiki i ka melanoma ke kumu ʻia e kekahi ʻano ʻano ʻē aʻe i nā kukuna UV, e like me nā moena ʻili, no ka laʻana. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i kēia ʻano kukui ke komo i loko o nā hunaola, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻololi i nā mea hōʻino e alakaʻi i ka hiʻona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka melanoma ke hōʻike ʻia ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino, ʻoiai inā pale ʻia mai ka mālamalama UV a, no laila, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi loa, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomohala i nā mea e pale i ka lā, pili i ka ʻohana, ka nohona a me nā kumu o ka nohona.

ʻO kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala melanoma e komo pū ana:

• Loaʻa ka ʻili maikaʻi, lauoho oho ʻulaʻula a me nā maka māmā;
• Loaʻa ka moʻaukala o ka lā o ka lā;
• ʻIli huki paʻakikī;
• E maʻalahi e kiʻi i nā freckles;
• Loaʻa i nā kiko a i ʻole nā ​​kīnā ma ka ʻili;
• Loaʻa i kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili;
• Loaʻa i kahi maʻi e hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana pale.

Pono nā kānaka me 1 a ʻoi paha o kēia mau mea e kūkākūkā mau me ka dermatologist e hana i kahi loiloi ʻili piha, i mea e ʻike ai i nā loli hiki ke lilo i hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Pehea e hana ai i ka lāʻau

Pili ka mālama ʻana i ka melanoma i ka nui, ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, pono e alakaʻi ʻia ke kūlana olakino o ke kanaka e kahi oncologist a i ʻole dermatologist, a hiki i kēia mau mea ke koi ʻia:

• ʻOki kino e wehe i ka melanoma;
• Immunotherapy e kōkua i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale kaua i ka maʻi ʻaʻai;
• Pahuhopu pahuhopu hana pololei ma nā huna melanoma;
• Radiotherapy hiki ke hana inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hemo loa i ka melanoma e ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ke mālama ʻana i nā lymph node i hoʻopili ʻia e ka melanoma;
• ʻO Chemotherapy e pepehi i nā melanoma a hiki ke lawelawe pololei ʻia i ke aa a i ʻole nā ​​papa i hoʻohana waha ʻia.

Inā loaʻa nā metastases, pono e hoʻomaka ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation radiation i ka wā hiki. Eia nō naʻe, haʻahaʻa nā helu kūleʻa, no ka mea, ʻike ʻia nā metastases i nā pae holomua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.

Hiki ke hoola ʻia ʻo Melanoma?

He pae hoʻōla nui ko Melanoma i ka wā ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala ʻia ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino a ke hōʻike ʻia ke kuhi ke kū ka hōʻailona mua. No laila, he mea nui e nānā pinepine i nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻili o ka ʻili, e ʻimi nei i nā loli.

Eia hou, ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa i kekahi ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili a i ʻole nā ​​hihia i loko o ka ʻohana, pono e hele pinepine i ka dermatologist, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka melanoma.

Pehea e pale ai i ka melanoma

Hiki i kekahi mau ana ke kōkua e hōʻalo a hōʻemi paha i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi melanoma e like me:

• Pale i ka lā i nā hola kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 10 am a 4 pm;
• E ʻaahu i ka pale lā i kēlā me kēia lā, me SPF 30 ma ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai i nā lā ʻōpua;
• E pāpale i ka pāpale inā hiki ʻole ke hōʻike iā ʻoe iho i ka lā;
• Pale ʻili.

Eia hou, pono e nānā pinepine kekahi i ka ʻili o ke kino holoʻokoʻa, keu hoʻi i nā wahi i hōʻike nui ʻia i ka lā, e like me ka maka, ka ʻāʻī, nā pepeiao a me nā poʻo poʻo, e ʻimi nei i nā loli e like me ke ʻano o nā kiko, nā kiko, nā freckles, ka pehu a nā loli i nā māka o ka ʻili. nā hānau hānau e kū nei. E aʻo pehea e pale ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻili.