He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau Antifungal?

Anter

• Pehea lākou e hana ai
• Nā ʻano o nā lāʻau antifungal
• Azoles
• Polenesia
• Nā Allylamines
• ʻO Echinocandins
• Nā Mea Like ʻole
• Nā maʻi fungal
• Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi lele
• Nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi ʻino nui aʻe
• Ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka
• Ke laina lalo

Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā fungus ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i nā ʻano kaiapuni āpau. ʻAʻole hoʻokumu ka hapa nui o nā fungi i ka maʻi i ka poʻe. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi ʻano laha ke hoʻopili i nā kānaka a hana i nā maʻi.

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau anttifungal nā lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi fungal. ʻOiai ka hapanui o nā maʻi fungal e hoʻopili i nā wahi e like me ka ʻili a me nā kui, hiki i kekahi ke alakaʻi i nā kūlana ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi a me ke ola e like me ka meningitis a i ʻole ka niumonia.

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lāʻau antifungal i loaʻa e hakakā i nā maʻi fungal.

Pehea lākou e hana ai

ʻO ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, hiki i nā lāʻau antifungal ke hana i nā ala ʻelua: ma ka pepehi pololei ʻana i nā pūnaewele fungal a i ʻole ke pale ʻana i nā pūnaewele fungal mai ka ulu a ulu ʻana. Akā pehea lākou e hana ai i kēia?

Hoʻopaʻa nā lāʻau Antifungal i nā hale a i ʻole nā ​​hana e pono ai i nā keena fungal akā ʻaʻole i nā keena kanaka, no laila hiki iā lākou ke hakakā i kahi maʻi fungal me ka hōʻino ʻole ʻana i nā hunaola o kou kino.

ʻO nā hanana ʻelua e hoʻomoe pinepine ʻia ʻo ia ka membrane fungal cell a me ka paia o ka cell fungal. Hoʻopuni a mālama kēia mau ʻano ʻelua i ka cell fungal. Ke lilo a kūpikipiki ʻia i kekahi, hiki i ka cell fungal ke hāmama a make.

Nā ʻano o nā lāʻau antifungal

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau Antifungal he ʻokoʻa loa. Hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi waha ʻia, ma ke ʻano he lāʻau kumuhana, a i ʻole ma o IV. Pehea e hāʻawi ʻia ai kahi lāʻau antifungal ma muli o nā kumu e like me ka lāʻau kikoʻī, ke ʻano o ka maʻi i loaʻa iā ʻoe, a me ke koʻikoʻi o kāu maʻi.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau Antifungal e kā lākou hanana kemika a me kā lākou hana. Ma lalo, e kūkākūkā mākou i nā ʻano lāʻau antifungal a hāʻawi i kekahi mau laʻana o nā ʻano maʻi i mālama ʻia e lākou.

Azoles

ʻO Azoles kekahi o nā antifungals i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia. Hoʻopilikia lākou i kahi enzyme mea nui no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka membrane fungal cell. Ma muli o kēia, lilo i ka membrane pūnaewele i paʻa ʻole a hiki ke kulu, a hiki i ka make ʻana o ka cell.

Aia he mau subgroups o azole antifungals: imidazoles a me triazoles.

Nā laʻana o imidazole antifungals a me nā kūlana a lākou e mālama ai:

• Ketoconazole: nā maʻi o ka ʻili a me ka lauoho, Candida nā maʻi o ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis
• ʻO Clotrimazole: ʻili a me nā maʻi membrane mucous
• Miconazole: ʻili a me nā maʻi membrane mucous

ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o triazoles a me nā kūlana a lākou e mālama ai:

• ʻO Fluconazole:Candida nā maʻi, e like me ka mucosal, ʻōnaehana, a me nā maʻi hōʻeha; cryptococcosis
• ʻItraconazole: aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, mucosal Candida nā maʻi, coccidioidomycosis (off-label), a me onychomycosis
• Posaconazole: aspergillosis (off-label for treatment), mucosal a me ka hoʻouka Candida nā maʻi maʻi
• ʻO Voriconazole: aspergillosis, mucosal a i ʻole invasive Candida maʻi, maʻi kīnā me ʻO Fusarium ʻano laha
• Isavuconazole: aspergillosis a me mucormycosis

Polenesia

Pepehi ʻo Polyenes i nā pūnaewele fungal e ka hana ʻana i ka paia fungal cell hou porous, kahi e hiki ai i ka cell fungal ke maʻalahi.

ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o nā poly antifungals he:

• ʻO Amphotericin B: Loaʻa nā formulate like ʻole e mālama i ka aspergillosis, blastomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis (off-label), mucosal a i ʻole invasive Candida nā maʻi, a me coccidioidomycosis
• ʻO Nystatin:Candida nā maʻi o ka ʻili a me ka waha

Nā Allylamines

E like me nā azif antifungals, hoʻopili nā allylamines i kahi enzyme e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka membrane fungal cell. ʻO kekahi laʻana o kahi allylamine terbinafine, kahi e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e mālama ai i nā maʻi fungal o ka ʻili.

ʻO Echinocandins

ʻO Echinocandins kahi ʻano hou o ka lāʻau antifungal. Ke kāohi nei lākou i kahi enzyme e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka paia o ka cell fungal.

ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o echinocandins:

• Anidulafungin: mucosal a hoʻouka Candida nā maʻi maʻi
• ʻO Caspofungin: mucosal a hoʻouka Candida nā maʻi, aspergillosis
• ʻO Micafungin: mucosal a hoʻouka Candida nā maʻi maʻi

Nā Mea Like ʻole

Aia kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe o nā lāʻau antifungal. ʻOkoʻa kēia i nā ʻano hana mai nā ʻano a mākou i kūkākūkā ai ma luna.

ʻO Flucytosine He lāʻau antifungal ia e pale aku ai i ka cell fungal mai ka hana ʻana i nā acidic nucleic a me nā protein. Ma muli o kēia, ʻaʻole hiki i ka pūnaewele ke ulu a ulu pono. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Flucytosine e mālama i nā maʻi ʻōnaehana me Candida a i ʻole ʻO Cryptococcus ʻano laha.

ʻO Griseofulvin hana e pale aku i ka maʻi fungal mai ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana e hana i nā pūnaewele hou aʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i nā maʻi o ka ʻili, ka lauoho, a me nā kui.

Nā maʻi fungal

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano maʻi maʻi fungal. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa i kahi maʻi fungal ma ke komo ʻana i ka launa me kahi fungus a spore fungal paha i kū i ke kaiapuni.

ʻO kekahi o nā maʻi fungal maʻamau ka ʻili, nā kui, a me nā membrane mucous. ʻO nā laʻana me:

• 

  Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi lele

  ʻO nā ʻōuli o kekahi o nā ʻano maʻamau o nā maʻi fungal hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

  • Ringworm o ke kino: kahi wīwī, wīwī a wili paha i kou kino, nā lima, a me nā wāwae
  • ʻO Ringworm o ka maʻi poʻo: nā wahi scaly i hoʻopili ʻia, nā pustules, a i ʻole nā ​​pāka ma kou poʻo i ʻili a ʻoluʻolu paha a hopena i ka nalo ʻana o ka lauoho.
  • Ka wāwae o Athlete: ʻili scaly ma ka lalo o kou mau wāwae
  • ʻIke ʻo Jock: kahi aniani, ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula e ʻike ʻia i kāu wahi ʻūlū a ma kou mau ʻūhā o loko
  • Nail fungus: kui i lilo i discolored, palupalu, a deformed
  • ʻO ka maʻi hū ʻo Vaginal: ka ʻili, ʻulaʻula, a me ka pehu ʻana ma kahi o ka wīwī - hoʻokuʻu keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo mānoanoa a me kahi ʻā ʻana i ke ahi ke hiki pū kekahi.
  • Pahu waha: ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā liona keʻokeʻo i kou waha a ʻulaʻula a ʻeha hoʻi paha

  Nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi ʻino nui aʻe

  Hiki ke loli nā ʻōuli o kekahi o nā maʻi fungal koʻikoʻi ʻoi aku ka hilinaʻi i ka laha o nā fungi e hana nei i ka maʻi a me ka wahi o kou kino i hoʻopili ʻia.

  Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopili i nā mea e like me:

  • fiva
  • puhū pō
  • nā ʻōuli e like me ka flu, e like me ka headache, luhi, a me nā ʻeha o ke kino a me nā ʻeha
  • nā ʻōuli hanu e like me ka hanu a me ka hanu ʻole
  • nā ʻōuli o ka meningitis, e like me ka ʻeha nui o ka ʻāʻī, ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa, a me ka ʻike māmā

  Ka wā e ʻike ai i ke kauka

  E hana i kahi manawa me kāu kauka inā:

  • ʻaʻole i hana nā antifungals over-the-counter (OTC) i mea e hōʻoluʻolu ai i nā ʻōuli o nā maʻi e like me ke apo, kui kui, a i ʻole he maʻi hū wahine.
  • ulu i nā lepe keʻokeʻo i wehewehe ʻole ʻia i kou waha
  • loaʻa ʻoe i ke kuni, nā ʻōuli e like me ka flu, a i ʻole ka hōʻeha ʻana o ka ʻino a me / a i ʻole manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi fungal

  Aia kekahi mau hōʻailona kahi āu e ʻimi ai i ka lāʻau lapaʻau wikiwiki

  Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

  • ʻeha ka umauma
  • paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana
  • e kahe ana ke koko
  • nā ʻōuli o ka meningitis, e like me ka maʻi poʻo nui, ʻāʻī ʻoʻoleʻa, a me ka ʻike māmā
  • Ka wehewehe kaumaha ʻole, ka fiva, a i ʻole ke anuanu

  Ke laina lalo

  Hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau Antifungal e mālama i nā maʻi fungal. Kūleʻa lākou i nā kaʻina hana a me nā hale i kū hoʻokahi i nā fungi i mea e make ai nā pūnaewele fungal a pale paha iā lākou mai ka ulu ʻana.

  Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lāʻau antifungal, a hiki iā lākou ke hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole. ʻO ke ʻano o ka lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia a me ke ʻano o ka lawelawe ʻana hiki ke hilinaʻi i ka lāʻau a me ke ʻano a me ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi.

  ʻOiai ʻo nā ʻano maʻi maʻi fungal e mālama maʻalahi ʻia, hiki i kekahi ke koʻikoʻi. E ʻike i kāu kauka inā ʻaʻole hele kahi maʻi fungal me ka mālama ʻana iā OTC a i ʻole inā manaʻo ʻoe he maʻi fungal koʻikoʻi kāu.