ʻO ka maʻi reflux Gastroesophageal - keiki

Hana ʻia ʻo Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) ke kulu hope ka ʻōpū mai ka ʻōpū i loko o ka esophagus (ka paipu mai ka waha a ka ʻōpū). Kāhea ʻia kēia ʻo reflux. Hiki iā GER ke hoʻonāukiuki i ka esophagus a hana i ka ʻū ʻana o ka naʻau.

ʻO ka maʻi reflux Gastroesophageal (GERD) kahi pilikia lōʻihi loa kahi e ulu pinepine ai ka reflux. Hiki iā ia ke kumu i nā hōʻailona ʻoi loa.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala e pili ana iā GERD i nā keiki. He pilikia maʻamau ia i nā keiki o nā makahiki āpau.

Ke ʻai mākou, hele ka ʻai mai ka puʻu a i ka ʻōpū ma o ka esophagus. ʻO ke apo o nā olonā i loko o ka esophagus o lalo e pale ai i ka ale ʻia o ka meaʻai mai ka neʻe ʻana i luna.

Ke pani ʻole kēia apo o kaʻiʻo i nā ala āpau, hiki i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū ke liu hou i loko o ka esophagus. Kapa ʻia kēia reflux a i ʻole reflux gastroesophageal.

I nā pēpē, ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala piha ʻia kēia apo o nā mākala, a hiki i kēia ke kumu o ka reflux. ʻO kēia ke kumu e kuha pinepine ai nā pēpē ma hope o ka hānai ʻana. Hele aku ʻo Reflux i nā pēpē i ka manawa e ulu ai kēia mākala, pinepine ʻia e ka makahiki 1.

Ke hoʻomau a hele a ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi o nā ʻōuli, he hōʻailona paha ia no GERD.

Hiki i kekahi mau mea ke alakaʻi iā GERD i nā keiki, me:

• ʻO nā kīnā hānau, e like me ka hiatal hernia, kahi ʻano i hoʻonui ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōpū ma o ka wehe ʻana o ka diaphragm i loko o ka umauma. ʻO ka diaphragm ka mākala e hoʻokaʻawale i ka umauma mai ka ʻōpū.
• Ka momona
• ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau, e like me kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hānō.
• Pepeʻa lua.
• ʻOki kino o ka ʻōpū luna.
• Nā maʻi lolo, e like me ka maʻi lolo.
• Genetics - Mākaukau ʻo GERD i nā ʻohana.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o GERD i nā keiki a me nā ʻōpio me:

• Nusea, ke hoʻihoʻi nei i ka meaʻai (regurgitation), a i ʻole ka luaʻi.
• Reflux a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kamaliʻi ke kuhikuhi i ka ʻeha pū a wehewehe i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū a me ka ʻeha o ka pahu.
• ʻO Choking, ka maʻi kūmau mau, a i ʻole ka ʻūhū ʻana.
• ʻO Hiccups a i ʻole nā ​​ʻūlū.
• ʻAʻole makemake e ʻai, ʻai i ka mea liʻiliʻi, a i ʻole ka hōʻalo ʻana i kekahi mau meaʻai.
• ʻO ka hōʻemi kaumaha a loaʻa ʻole paha ke kaupaona.
• ʻO ka manaʻo ua paʻa ka meaʻai ma hope o ka umauma a ʻeha paha me ka ale ʻana.
• Hoarseness a i ʻole kahi hoʻololi i ka leo.

ʻAʻole paha pono kāu keiki i nā hoʻokolohua inā akahai nā ʻōuli.

Hiki paha ke hana i kahi hoʻokolohua i kapa ʻia ʻo barium horow a i ʻole GI kiʻekiʻe e hōʻoia i ka ʻike. I kēia hoʻāʻo, e ale ana kāu keiki i kahi mea chalky e hoʻomālamalama i ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū, a me ka ʻaoʻao o luna o kona ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻike inā ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia nei ka wai mai ka ʻōpū i loko o ka esophagus a i ʻole inā e ālai a i ʻole kekahi mea i kēia mau wahi.

Inā hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole nā ​​ʻōuli, a hoʻi mai paha lākou ma hope o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o ke keiki me nā lāʻau, hiki i ka mea mālama ola ke hana i kahi hōʻike. Kapa ʻia hoʻokahi hōʻike he endoscopy luna (EGD). Ka hoʻāʻo:

• Hana ʻia me kahi pahu paʻi liʻiliʻi (endoscope maʻalahi) i hoʻokomo ʻia i lalo o ka ʻāʻī
• Nānā i ka uhi o ka esophagus, ʻōpū, a me ka hapa mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi

Hana pū paha ka mea hāʻawi i nā hoʻokolohua iā:

• E ana pehea e komo ai ka waikawa ʻōpū ma loko o ka esophagus
• E ana i ka kaomi ma loko o ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus

Hiki i nā loli nohona ke kōkua pinepine i ka mālama ʻana iā GERD. E hana paha lākou no nā keiki me nā ʻōuli milder a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻaʻole pinepine pinepine.

Hoʻohui nui ka nohona i:

• Lilo kaupaona, inā ʻoi ke kaupaona
• Ke ʻaʻa ʻana i nā kapa a hemo ma ka pūhaka
• E hiamoe iki ana me ke poʻo o kahi moe, no nā keiki me nā ʻōuli o ka pō
• ʻAʻole e moe ana i lalo no 3 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana

Hiki ke kōkua i nā loli e hiki mai ana ke kōkua ke ʻike ʻia kahi meaʻai.

• ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka meaʻai me ke kō a ʻoi paha nā mea ʻono loa
• Ke pale nei i ke kokoleka, ka pepa, a i ʻole nā ​​mea inu me ka caffeine
• Ke pale nei i nā wai ʻona e like me colas a i ʻole ka wai ʻalani
• ʻO ka ʻai pinepine ʻana i nā meaʻai liʻiliʻi a puni ka lā

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu keiki ma mua o ka kaohi ʻana i nā momona. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi momona i nā keiki ʻaʻole i hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia. Pono ia e ʻike pono i nā keiki i nā meaola kūpono no ka ulu olakino.

ʻO nā mākua a me nā mea mālama paha i ka puhipaka e haʻalele i ka puhipaka. Mai puhipaka ma nā keiki. Hiki i ka uahi lua ke hana i ka GERD i nā keiki.

Inā 'ōlelo ka mea hāʻawi a kāu keiki he maikaʻi ia e hana pēlā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i kāu keiki i nā mea kūpikikikiki over-the-counter (OTC). Kōkua lākou i ka hōʻemi i ka nui o nā waikawa i hana ʻia e ka ʻōpū. Hana mālie kēia mau lāʻau, akā e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli no kahi wā lōʻihi. Pākuʻi ʻia lākou:

• Nā mea hoʻopukapuka Proton
• Nā poloka H2

Hōʻike paha ka mea hāʻawi a kāu keiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā antacids me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Mai hāʻawi i kāu keiki i kekahi o kēia mau lāʻau me ka nānā mua ʻole ʻia me ka mea hāʻawi.

Inā kūleʻa ʻole kēia mau ʻano hana i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli, ʻo ke kīʻaha anti-reflux kahi koho no nā keiki me nā ʻōuli koʻikoʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, noʻonoʻo paha ke kaha ʻana i nā keiki e hoʻomohala i nā pilikia hanu.

E kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi i kāu keiki e pili ana i nā koho e kūpono no kāu keiki.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā keiki e pane maikaʻi i ka mālama ʻana a i nā loli nohona. Eia nō naʻe, pono i nā keiki he nui e hoʻomau i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau e kāohi ai i kā lākou mau ʻōuli.

Loaʻa paha nā keiki me ka GERD i nā pilikia me ka reflux a me ka puʻuwai puʻuwai ma ke ʻano he poʻe mākua.

Komo pū nā pilikia o GERD i nā keiki:

• Asthma e ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi
• ʻO ka hōʻino i ka uhi ʻana o ka esophagus, ka mea e kumu ai ka scarring a me kaiki
• Ulcer i loko o ka esophagus (laha ʻole)

Kāhea i ka hāʻawi o kāu keiki inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaikaʻi nā ʻōuli me nā loli nohona. E kāhea aku hoʻi inā loaʻa kēia mau ʻōuli i ke keiki.

• Kahena
• Kaukā (kahe ʻana, ka pōkole o ka hanu)
• Manaʻo piha i ka wā e ʻai ana
• Luai pinepine
• Hoarseness
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ʻeha me ka ale ʻana
• Kaumaha emi
  

Hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā pilikia no GERD i nā keiki ma o ka lawe ʻana i kēia mau kaʻina hana.

• Kōkua i kāu keiki e noho ma ke kaupaona olakino me ka papaʻai olakino a me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau.
• Mai puhipaka a puni kāu keiki. E mālama i kahi home a me ke kaʻa ʻole paka. Inā puhi ʻoe, haʻalele.
  

Peptic esophagitis - keiki; Reflux esophagitis - keiki; GERD - keiki; Puʻuwai puʻuwai - maʻi mau - keiki; Dyspepsia - GERD - keiki

ʻO Khan S, Matta SKR. ʻO ka maʻi reflux Gastroesophageal. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 349.

National Institute of Diabetes a me nā Digestive a me nā maʻi kīnā. Acid reflux (GER & GERD) i loko o nā pēpē. www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/acid-reflux-ger-gerd-infants. Hoʻohou ʻia ʻApelila, 2015. Loaʻa iā ʻOkakopa 14, 2020.

Richards MK, Goldin AB. ʻO ka reflux gastroesophageal neonatal. I: Gleason CA, Juul SE, eds. Nā maʻi o Avery o ke keiki hānau. 10 o ka lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 74.

Vandenplas Y. ʻO Gastroesophageal reflux. I: Wyllie R, Hyams JS, Kay M, hua pā. Pediatric Gastrointestinal a me ka maʻi maʻi. ʻElua huaʻōleloPiladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 21.