Kanesa maʻi ʻaʻai

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaumā lū ka maʻi ʻaʻai e hoʻomaka i nā akemāmā.

Aia nā māmā i ka umauma. Ke hanu ʻoe, hele ka ea i loko o kou ihu, iho i kāu puka makani (trachea), a i loko o nā akemāmā, kahi e kahe ai i loko o nā paipu i kapa ʻia ʻo bronchi. Hoʻomaka ka hapa nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā i nā hunaola e kū laina ana i kēia mau paipu.

Aia he ʻano nui ʻelua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā:

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (NSCLC) ka ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū.
• ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (SCLC) ma kahi o 20% o nā maʻi maʻi ʻaʻa pūpū āpau.

Inā hana ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā o nā ʻano ʻelua, kāhea ʻia ia he cell cell cancer / cancer cell i hui ʻia.

Inā ua hoʻomaka ka maʻi ʻaʻai ma kahi ʻē aʻe o ke kino a pāhola i nā akemāmā, ua kapa ʻia ia he maʻi ʻaʻa metastatic i ka akemāmā.

ʻO ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū ka mea make loa o nā maʻi ʻaʻai no nā kāne a me nā wahine. I kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe i make i ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā ma mua o ka umauma, kolona, ​​a me nā maʻi ʻaʻai prostate i hui pū ʻia.

ʻOi aku ka maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi maʻi i ka poʻe makua. He kākaʻikahi ia i ka poʻe ma lalo o ka makahiki 45.

ʻO ka puhipaka ka paka ke kumu nui o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā. Ma kahi kokoke i 90% o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū e pili ana i ka puhipaka. ʻO ka nui o nā pika āu e puhi ai i kēlā me kēia lā a i ka mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana i ka puhipaka, ʻo ka nui aʻe ia o kou makaʻi no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā. Hoʻoemi ka makaʻu me ka manawa ma hope o kou kū ʻana i ka puhipaka. ʻAʻohe mea hōʻike e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka makaʻu i ka puhi ʻana i nā kūpaka kika liʻiliʻi.

Hiki i kekahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū ke hoʻololi i ka poʻe i puhipuhi ʻole.

ʻO ka uahi lua (ka hanu ʻana i ka uahi o nā mea ʻē aʻe) e hoʻonui ai i kou makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā.

Hiki i ka mea aʻe ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻu no ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūhū.

• Hōʻike i asbestos
• Hōʻike i nā kemikona e hana ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai e like me uranium, beryllium, vinyl chloride, nickel chromates, nā huahana lanahu, gas gas
• Hōʻike i ke kinoea radon
• ʻO ka mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā
• Nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka haumia ea
• ʻO nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka arsenic i ka wai inu
• ʻO ka radiation radiation i nā māmā

ʻAʻole kumu o ka maʻi ʻaʻai mua i nā ʻōuli.

Pili nā ʻōuli i ke ʻano o ke kanesa i loaʻa iā ʻoe, akā hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• ʻEha ʻeha
• Mele hele ʻole
• ʻApu ʻana i ke koko
• Ka luhi
• Ke kaupaona ʻana me ka hoʻāʻo ʻole
• Loaʻa ka ʻai ʻole
• Pokole o ka hanu
• ʻUhihi

ʻO nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe e kū pū paha me ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, pinepine i nā hopena hope:

• ʻEha iwi a palupalu paha
• E hāʻule ana ka ʻōmaka
• Paralysis helehelena
• Hoarseness a hoʻololi paha i ka leo
• ʻEha hui
• Nā pilikia kui
• ʻEha poʻohiwi
• Pahu i ka paʻakikī
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ka maka a i ʻole nā ​​lima
• Nawaliwali

ʻO kēia mau ʻōuli kekahi ma muli o nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ke koʻikoʻi, no laila he mea nui e kamaʻilio pū me kāu kauka olakino.

ʻIke pinepine ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa puʻu ke hana ʻia kahi x-ray a i ʻole CT scan no kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe.

Inā kuhi ʻia ka maʻi ʻaʻa lung, e hoʻokō ka mea hāʻawi i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nīnau e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino. E nīnau ʻia ʻoe inā puhipaka ʻoe. Inā pēlā, e nīnau ʻia ʻoe i ka nui o kou puhi a no ka lōʻihi o kou puhipaka. E nīnau ʻia ʻoe e pili ana i nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻokau iā ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū, e like me ka hōʻike ʻana i kekahi mau kemika.

Ke hoʻolohe nei i ka umauma me kahi stethoscope, lohe paha ka mea hāʻawi i ka wai a puni nā akemāmā. Hōʻike paha kēia i ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Nā hoʻokolohua i hiki ke hana ʻia e ʻike pono i ka maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ʻia.

• ʻImi iwi
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• CT scan o ka umauma
• MRI o ka umauma
• Positron emission tomography (PET) scan NineManga.com
• Hōʻike Sputum e nānā no nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai
• Thoracentesis (ka laʻana o ka hoʻoulu wai a puni ka akemāmā)

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hemo kahi ʻāpana o kou kino no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana ma lalo o kahi microscope. Kapa ʻia kēia he biopsy. Nui a hewahewa nā ala e hana ai i kēia:

• Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Bronchoscopy me ka biopsy
• ʻO ka biopsy Needle-kuhikuhi ʻia e ka CT-scan
• Endoscopic esophageal ultrasound (EUS) me ka biopsy
• Mediastinoscopy me ka biopsy
• Wehe biopsy māmā
• ʻO Biopsy Pleural

Inā hōʻike ka biopsy i ke kanesa, hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kiʻi hou aku e ʻike i ke kahua o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kumu ke ʻano o ka nui o ka tumo a pehea ka nui i hoʻolaha ai. Kōkua ke kau ʻana i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka lapaʻau a me ka ukali ʻana a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo o ka mea e kali ai.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka maʻi ʻaʻai māmā e pili i ke ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻai, pehea kona holomua, a pehea kou olakino:

• Hiki ke hana i kahi ʻoki e wehe ai i ka tumo inā ʻaʻole ia i pālahalaha ma ʻō aku o nā pūnana lymph.
• Hoʻohana ʻo Chemotherapy i nā lāʻau e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai a hoʻokū i nā hunaola hou mai ka ulu ʻana.
• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i nā kukuna x ikaika a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano radiation e hoʻomake i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai.

ʻO nā hana i luna aʻe e hana ʻia a i ʻole hui pū ʻia. Hiki i kāu mea hoʻolako ke haʻi hou aku iā ʻoe e pili ana i ka hana maʻamau e loaʻa iā ʻoe, e like me ka ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻa maʻi a me ke ʻano o ia.

Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomāmā i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi ma ke komo ʻana i kahi hui kākoʻo maʻi ʻaʻai. ʻO ke kaʻana ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā ʻike a me nā pilikia maʻamau e hiki ke kōkua iā ʻoe e noʻonoʻo ʻole.

Aia ʻoe i ka maikaʻi ma muli o ka nui o ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ka maʻi ʻaʻai pūpū, keu hoʻi inā ʻoe e puhi.

Inā puhi ʻoe, ʻo kēia ka manawa e haʻalele ai. Inā pilikia ʻoe i ka haʻalele ʻana, e kamaʻilio me kāu mea hāʻawi. Nui a hewahewa nā ala e kōkua ai iā ʻoe e haʻalele, mai nā hui kākoʻo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. Eia kekahi, e hoʻāʻo e hōʻalo i ka uahi lua.

Kanesa - lung

• ʻOki kino - hoʻokuʻu

Araujo LH, Horn L, Merritt RE, et al. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka akahā: ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ʻole a me ka maʻi ʻaʻa liʻiliʻi o ka pūpū liʻiliʻi. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 69.

Gillaspie EA, Lewis J, Leora Horn L. maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. I: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. ʻO Conn's Current Therapy 2020. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier 2020: 862-871.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/non-small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou ʻia Mei 7, 2020. Loaʻa iā Iulai 14, 2020.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/lung/hp/small-cell-lung-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou ʻia Malaki 24, 2020. Loaʻa iā Iulai 14, 2020.

Silvestri GA, Pastis NJ, Tanner NT, Jett JR. ʻO nā ʻano maʻi o ka maʻi ʻaʻai. I: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. ʻO Murray a me Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 53.