Tumo lolo - kumu - mākua

ʻO ka tumo lolo mua kahi hui (nui) o nā hunaola ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaka i ka lolo.

Hoʻopili pū nā tumors lolo i kekahi tumora i hoʻomaka i ka lolo. Hiki i nā tumors lolo ke hoʻomaka mai nā huna lolo, nā membrane a puni ka lolo (meninges), nā aʻa, a me nā aʻa.

Hiki i nā tumors ke hoʻopau pono i nā hunaola o ka lolo. Hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i nā hunaola ma ka hana ʻana i ka mumū, ke kau nei i ke kaomi ma nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka lolo, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kaomi i loko o ka iwi poʻo.

ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu o nā hikoko o ka lolo mua. Nui a hewahewa nā kumu i hiki ke hoʻokani i kahi kuleana:

• Hoʻohana ka radiation radiation i mea e mālama ai i nā maʻi ʻaʻai o ka lolo e hoʻonui ai i ka makaʻu o nā tumors lolo a i 20 a 30 mau makahiki paha ma hope.
• Hoʻonui kekahi o nā kūlana hoʻoilina i ka makaʻu o nā lolo lolo, e like me neurofibromatosis, Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a me Turcot syndrome.
• ʻO Lymphomas e hoʻomaka i ka lolo i ka poʻe me ka ʻōnaehana pale nawaliwali e hoʻopili ʻia i kekahi manawa i ka maʻi e ka maʻi Epstein-Barr.

ʻAʻole i hōʻoia ʻia kēia mau mea i nā pilikia pilikia:

• Hōʻike i ka pāhawewe ma ka hana, a i nā laina uila, nā kelepona paʻalima, nā kelepona kelepona ʻole, a i ʻole nā ​​uila uila
• Nā hōʻeha poʻo
• Puhipaka
• Hoʻoikaika Hormone

NĀ ʻano kikoʻī kikoʻī

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā tumora o ka lolo ma muli o:

• Kahi o ka tumo
• ʻAno o nā ʻaʻa i pili
• Inā noncancerous lākou (benign) a i ʻole cancerous (malignant)
• Nā kumu ʻē aʻe

I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā tumors ke hoʻomaka i ka mea hōʻemi ʻole ke hoʻololi i kā lākou hana biologic a lilo i mea ʻoi loa.

Hiki i nā tumors ke hana i kēlā me kēia makahiki, akā ʻano nui nā ʻano he nui i kekahi mau makahiki. I nā mākua, ʻo nā gliomas a me nā meningiomas ka mea maʻamau.

Hele mai nā gliomas mai nā hunaola glial e like me astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, a me nā hunaola ependymal. Māhele ʻia ʻo Gliomas i ʻekolu ʻano:

• ʻO nā tumors Astrocytic e komo pū me nā astrocytomas (hiki ke noncancerous), nā anaplastic astrocytomas, a me nā glioblastomas.
• Nā kūpuna ʻo Oligodendroglial. Hana ʻia kekahi o nā tumors lolo mua o nā tumors astrocytic a me oligodendrocytic ʻelua. Kapa ʻia kēia mau mea he gliomas hui.
• ʻO Glioblastomas ka ʻano kūpikipiki loa o ka tumo lolo mua.

ʻO Meningiomas a me schwannomas kekahi ʻano ʻelua o nā tumors lolo. ʻO kēia mau tumors:

• Hana pinepine ʻia ma waena o nā makahiki 40 a me 70.
• He noncancerous maʻamau, akā hiki ke hana i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi a me ka make mai kā lākou nui a wahi paha. ʻO kekahi he maʻi ʻaʻai a kūpikipiki hoʻi.

ʻAʻohe laha nā hikoko lolo ʻē aʻe i nā mākua. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• ʻO Ependymomas
• ʻO Craniopharyngiomas
• Nā hikina pituitary
• ʻO ka lymphoma mua (kikowaena ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana - CNS)
• ʻO nā tumors kelena pineal
• ʻO nā tumors cell germ germinal o ka lolo

ʻAʻole kū kekahi mau tumors i nā ʻōuli a nui loa lākou. Loaʻa nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i nā ʻōuli e ulu lohi.

Pili nā ʻōuli i ka nui o ka tumo, kahi, pehea ka laha ʻana, a inā he pehu o ka lolo. ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau ka:

• Nā hoʻololi i ka hana noʻonoʻo o ke kanaka
• Poʻo poʻo poʻo
• Ka hopu ʻana (ʻo ia hoʻi i nā mākua makua)
• Nāwaliwali i hoʻokahi ʻāpana o ke kino

ʻO nā poʻo hina i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā tumors lolo:

• Eʻoi aku kaʻino i ka alaʻana o ke kanaka i ke kakahiaka, a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i kekahi mau hola
• Hana i ka wā hiamoe
• Hana me ka luaʻi, huikau, ʻike lua, nāwaliwali, a me ka helu
• E hele a ʻoi aku ka hewa me ka puʻu a hoʻoikaika kino paha, a i ʻole me ka loli o ke kūlana o ke kino

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke hoʻopili pū me:

• Hoʻololi i ka makaʻala (me ka hiamoe, ʻike ʻole, a me ke koma)
• Hoʻololi i ka lohe, ʻono, a ʻaʻala paha
• Nā loli e hoʻopili i ka hoʻopā a me ka hiki ke ʻike i ka ʻeha, kaomi, nā mahana like ʻole, a me nā mea hoʻonāukiuki ʻē aʻe
• Ka huikau a me ka nalo ʻana o ka hoʻomanaʻo
• Pilikia i ka ale ʻana
• Ka paʻakikī o ka kākau ʻana a me ka heluhelu ʻana paha
• Ka paupau a i ʻole ka manaʻo ʻoniʻoni ʻole o ka neʻe (vertigo)
• Nā pilikia o ka maka e like me ka hiolo ʻana o ka maka, nā haumāna o nā nui like ʻole, ka neʻe ʻole ʻana o ka maka, nā pilikia o ka hihi (me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi o ka hihiʻo, ka ʻike pālua, a me ka nalo ʻana o ka hihiʻo)
• Weliweli lima
• Ka nele o ka kaohi ma luna o ka bladder a i ʻole ka ʻōpū
• Ka nele o ke kaulike a i ʻole ke hoʻohui ʻana, clumsiness, pilikia i ka hele wāwae
• Ka nāwaliwali o ka mākala i ka maka, ka lima, a me ka wāwae (ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokahi wale nō)
• Pōpō a ʻālani paha ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino
• ʻO ke kanaka, ke ʻano, ka lawena, a i ʻole nā ​​loli manaʻo
• Pilikia i ka ʻōlelo ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e ʻōlelo nei

Nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe i hiki ke kū ʻia me kahi tumo pituitary:

• Hoʻokuʻu nipple maʻamau
• Loaʻa menstruation (wā)
• Hoʻonui i ka umauma i nā kāne
• Nā lima i hoʻonui ʻia, nā wāwae
• Lauoho lauoho nui
• Hoʻololi helehelena
• Kaomi haʻahaʻa
• Ka momona
• ʻIke i ka wela a i ʻole ke anuanu

ʻO nā hoʻokolohua aʻe e hoʻokūpaʻa ai i ka hiki ʻana o kahi tumo lolo a loaʻa i kona wahi.

• CT scan o ke poʻo
• EEG (e ana i ka hana uila o ka lolo)
• Wehe ʻia ka nīnaʻi mai ka puʻupuʻu i ka wā o ke ʻoki a biopsy alakaʻi ʻia e CT (e hōʻoia i ke ʻano o ka tumo)
• ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka fluid cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (e hōʻike paha i nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai)
• MRI o ke poʻo

Hiki i ke kuʻina ke komo i ke keʻoki, radiation radiation, a me ka chemotherapy. Mālama maikaʻi ʻia nā tumors o ka lolo e kahi kime e komo pū me:

• Neuro-oncologist
• ʻO Neurosurgeon
• Oncologist lapaʻau
• Oncologist kukuna uila
• ʻO nā mea lawelawe olakino ʻē aʻe, e like me nā neurologists a me nā limahana kaiaulu

Hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua i ka manawa o kahi hopena maikaʻi. Pili ka mālama ʻana i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka tumo a me kou olakino olakino. ʻO nā pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hōʻola paha i ka puʻupuʻu, hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana o ka lolo a ʻoluʻolu paha.

Pono pono ke ʻoki kino no ka nui o nā tumors lolo mua. E hoʻoneʻe loa ʻia kekahi mau tumors. ʻO nā mea i hohonu i loko o ka lolo a i ʻole e komo i nā kiko o ka lolo e hoʻopau ʻia paha ma kahi o ka hemo ʻana. ʻO Debulking kahi hana e hōʻemi ai i ka nui o ka tumo.

Hiki i nā tumors ke paʻakikī e hemo loa i ke kahakaha wale nō. ʻO kēia no ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o ka tumo a puni ka ʻili o ka lolo e like me nā aʻa mai kahi mea kanu i hohola ma o ka lepo. Ke hiki ʻole ke hemo i ka tumo, kōkua paha ke ʻoki ʻana i ka hoʻēmi i ke kaomi a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana i nā ʻōuli.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka radiation radiation no kekahi mau tumors.

Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Chemotherapy me ke ʻoki ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama radiation.

ʻO nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā tumors lolo mua i nā keiki e komo pū paha:

• ʻO nā lāʻau e hōʻemi i ka pehu ʻana o ka lolo a me ke kaomi
• ʻO Anticonvulsants e hōʻemi i ka hopu ʻana
• Nā lāʻau ʻeha

Pono paha nā ana hōʻoluʻolu, nā hana palekana, ka hoʻōla kino, a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka maikaʻi o ke ola. ʻO ke aʻo ʻana, nā pūʻulu kākoʻo, a me nā hana like e hiki ke kōkua i ka poʻe e kū i ka maʻi.

E noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ke kākau inoa ʻana i kahi hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua ma hope o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kāu hui lapaʻau.

ʻO nā pilikia i hopena ʻia mai nā puʻupuʻu lolo ka:

• Herniation lolo (make pinepine)
• Ka nalowale o ka hiki ke launa a hana paha
• Paʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a me ka lilo nui o ka hana o ka lolo
• Hoʻi o ka ulu ulu
• Nā hopena o nā lāʻau, e like me chemotherapy
• Nā hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka radiation

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā hoʻomohala ʻoe i nā maʻi poʻo hou a mau a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o kahi tumo lolo.

Kāhea i kāu mea lawelawe a i ʻole hele i ka lumi pilikia inā hoʻomaka ʻoe i ka hopu ʻana i ka hopu, a i ʻole hoʻomohala koke i kahi stupor (hoʻoliʻiliʻi ka makaʻala), nā loli ʻike, a i ʻole nā ​​loli ʻōlelo.

Glioblastoma multiforme - nā mākua; Ependymoma - nā mākua; Glioma - nā mākua; Astrocytoma - nā mākua; Medulloblastoma - makua; Neuroglioma - nā mākua; Oligodendroglioma - nā mākua; Lymphoma - makua; Vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) - nā mākua; Meningioma - nā mākua; Ka maʻi ʻaʻai - tumo lolo (makua)

• Pāhawewe lolo - hoʻokuʻu
• ʻOki kino o ka lolo - hoʻokuʻu
• Chemotherapy - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
• ʻO ka radiation radiation - nā nīnau e nīnau ai i kāu kauka
• ʻO radiosurgery Stereotactic - hoʻokuʻu

• Tumo lolo

ʻO Dorsey JF, Salinas RD, Dang M, et al. Ka maʻi ʻaʻai o ka ʻōnaehana waena. I: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Doroshow JH, Kastan MB, Tepper JE, eds. ʻO Oncology Clinical ʻo Abboff. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 63.

ʻO Mikaaud DS. Epidemiology o nā tumors lolo. I: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. ʻO Bradley's Neurology i ka hana lapaʻau. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 71.

Pūnaewele ʻo National Cancer Institute. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ka ʻōnaehana ʻōiwi mākua (PDQ) - mana ʻoihana olakino. www.cancer.gov/types/brain/hp/adult-brain-treatment-pdq. Hoʻohou i Ianuali 22, 2020. Loaʻa iā Mei 12, 2020.

Pūnaewele Pūnaewele Manuahi Manuahi. Nā NCCN Clinical Practice Guide in Oncology (NCCN Alakaʻi): nā ʻōkuhi ʻōnaehana waena. Mana 2.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/cns.pdf. Hoʻohou ʻia ʻApelila 30, 2020. Loaʻa iā Mei 12, 2020.