Cholesterol: He Lipid anei ia?

Anter

• Hōʻike Overview
• Hana o lipids i kou kino
• ʻO lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me nā lipoproteins kiʻekiʻe
• LDL kolesterol
• HDL kolesterol
• Nā Triglycerides
• Ke ana ʻana i nā pae lipid
• Lapaʻau
• Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka mālama ʻana i ke kō

Hōʻike Overview

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo ʻo "lipids" a me "kolesterol" i hoʻohana kūlike ʻia a manaʻo ʻia he manaʻo like lākou. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ma mua o kēlā.

ʻO nā lipids nā mole e like me ka momona e hoʻopuni i kāu kahe koko. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou i nā hunaola a me nā kiko i loko o kou kino.

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano lipids, a ʻo ka cholesterol ka mea kaulana loa.

ʻO Cholesterol kahi ʻāpana lipid, hapa protein. ʻO kēia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai nā ʻano kolesterol he lipoproteins.

ʻO kekahi ʻano lipid kahi triglyceride.

Hana o lipids i kou kino

Pono i kou kino i mau lipids e ola i ke olakino. ʻO Cholesterol, ma kahi o kāu mau hunaola. Hana i kou kino i ka cholesterol e pono ai, a kōkua i kou kino e hana:

• kekahi mau hormoni
• wikamina D
• nā enzymes e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻeli i ka meaʻai
• Pono nā mea e pono ai no ka hana olakino olakino

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi kolesterol mai nā meaʻai holoholona i kāu papaʻai, e like me:

• hua moa
• waiū momona piha
• ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula
• pēpē

Maikaʻi nā pae waena kolesterol i kou kino. ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻe o nā lipids, kahi kūlana i ʻike ʻia ʻo hyperlipidemia, a i ʻole dyslipidemia, hāpai i kou makaʻi no ka maʻi puʻuwai.

ʻO lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me nā lipoproteins kiʻekiʻe

ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua o ke kolesterol ka lipoproteins haʻahaʻa (LDL) a me nā lipoproteins kiʻekiʻe (HDL).

LDL kolesterol

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo LDL ke kolesterol "maikaʻi" no ka mea hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi waxy deposit i kapa ʻia he plake i loko o kāu mau aʻa.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka plaque i kou mau aʻa. Hiki iā ia ke kāpili i kou mau aʻa, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ana i kahi lumi no ke kahe o ke koko. Kapa ʻia kēia hana he atherosclerosis. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kapa ʻia ia he "paʻakikī ʻana o nā aʻa."

Hiki i nā Plaques ke haki, ka ninini ʻana i ka kolesterol a me nā mea momona ʻē aʻe a me nā huahana neoneo i kāu kahe o ke koko.

I ka pane ʻana i ka haki, holo wikiwiki nā hunaola koko i kapa ʻia nā platelet i ka pūnaewele a hana i nā kahe koko e kōkua i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea haole i kēia manawa i ke kahe o ke koko.

Inā lawa ka nui o ke koko, hiki iā ia ke pale āpau i ke kahe o ke koko. Ke hiki kēia i kekahi o nā puʻuwai o ka puʻuwai, i kapa ʻia nā aʻa coronary, he hopena puʻuwai ka hopena.

Ke ālai kahi ʻaʻa koko i kahi aʻa i loko o ka lolo a i ʻole kahi aʻa e lawe ana i ke koko i ka lolo, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha.

HDL kolesterol

ʻIke ʻia ʻo HDL ʻo ke kolesterol "maikaʻi" no ka mea ʻo kāna hana nui ka holoi ʻana i ka LDL mai kou kahe koko a hoʻi i ke ake.

Ke hoʻi mai ʻo LDL i ke ake, ua haki ka cholesterol a hala ʻia mai ke kino. Hoʻohālikelike ʻo HDL ma kahi o 1/4 a 1/3 o kolesterol i ke koko.

Pili nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka LDL me ka nui o ka makaʻu o ka puʻuwai a me ka hahau. ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻe o HDL, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, pili pū me nā maʻi maʻi puʻuwai haʻahaʻa.

Nā Triglycerides

Kōkua nā Triglycerides e mālama i ka momona i loko o kāu mau pūnaewele i hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana no ka ikehu. Inā ʻoe e ʻai nui a hana ʻole i ka hoʻoikaika kino, hiki i kāu mau pae triglyceride ke ala aʻe. ʻO ka inu waiʻona nui kekahi mea nui o nā triglycerides kiʻekiʻe.

E like me ka LDL, ʻike ʻia nā pae triglyceride kiʻekiʻe e hoʻopili ʻia i ka maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi. ʻO ia hoʻi hiki iā lākou ke hāpai i kāu makaʻikaʻi no ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau.

Ke ana ʻana i nā pae lipid

Hiki i kahi hoʻokolohua koko maʻalahi ke hōʻike i kāu mau kiʻekiʻe o HDL, LDL, a me nā triglycerides. Ana ʻia nā hopena i nā milligrams no deciliter (mg / dL). Eia nā pahuhopu maʻamau no nā pae lipid:

Eia naʻe, ma mua o ka nānā ʻana i nā helu kikoʻī, hiki i kāu kauka ke koi aku i nā ʻano loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kāu pilikia āpau no ka maʻi puʻuwai.

ʻO ke ala kuʻuna o ka helu ʻana i ka LDL koloka lawe i ka nui o ke koloka i hoʻemi ʻia me ka HDL koloka minus triglycerides i mahele ʻia e 5.

Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ma Johns Hopkins i kēia hana he pololei ʻole no kekahi poʻe, e hōʻike ana i nā pae o ka LDL ma lalo o ka mea maoli, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ma mua o 150 mg / dL.

Mai ia manawa, ua hoʻomohala nā mea noiʻi i kahi papa hana paʻakikī no kēia helu.

He mea maikaʻi e nānā i kāu pae kolesterol i kēlā me kēia mau makahiki, ke ʻole ke kauka e koi i nā loiloi pinepine.

Inā ua loaʻa mua ʻoe i kahi puʻuwai puʻuwai a i ʻole hahau, e aʻo ʻia paha ʻoe e nānā i kāu kolamu i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ʻoi paha.

Kūpono ka ʻōlelo like inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hopena pilikia o ka puʻuwai, e like me:

• kahe koko kiʻekiʻe
• diabetes
• he moolelo puhipaka
• kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o ka maʻi puʻuwai

E makemake paha kāu kauka e kauoha i kahi loiloi kolesterol maʻamau inā ua hoʻomaka koke ʻoe i kahi lāʻau e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kāu pae LDL e ʻike inā ke holo nei ka lāʻau.

Piʻi ka pae o ka LDL ke ʻelemakule ka poʻe. ʻAʻole pololei ka mea like no nā pae HDL. Hiki i kahi nohona noho ke alakaʻi i nā pae HDL haʻahaʻa a me ka LDL kiʻekiʻe a me nā helu kolesterol āpau.

Lapaʻau

ʻO Dyslipidemia kahi mea pilikia nui o ka maʻi puʻuwai, akā no ka hapanui o ka poʻe, hiki ke mālama ʻia. Me nā papaʻai a me nā loli nohona, pono ka poʻe me nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe i ka lāʻau e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā pae LDL ma waena o kahi pae olakino.

ʻO Statins kekahi o nā lāʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka kolesterol. Hoʻolālā maikaʻi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau a maikaʻi loa.

Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano statins ma ka mākeke. Hana ʻokoʻa kēlā me kēia mea, akā hoʻolālā ʻia lākou āpau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae LDL i ke kahe o ke koko.

Inā kuhikuhi ʻia ʻoe i kahi statin, akā loaʻa nā hopena ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻehaʻeha, e haʻi i kāu kauka. ʻO kahi mahele haʻahaʻa a ʻano ʻokoʻa paha o statin e mana a hoʻemi i nā hopena ʻē aʻe.

Pono paha ʻoe e hoʻohana i nā statins a i ʻole kahi lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kolesterol no ke ola. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau ke kauoha ʻole kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana pēlā, ʻoiai inā ua hiki i kāu mau pahuhopu kolesterol.

ʻO nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe e kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka LDL a me nā pae triglyceride i hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia:

• resins-hoʻopaʻa paʻa nā kēpau
• nā mea hoʻopili kūpikipiki cholesterol
• hui pū ʻia ka mea hoʻopili a me nā statin o ka cholesterol
• fibrates
• niacin
• hoʻohui statin a me niacin
• Nā mea kāohi iā PCSK9

Me ka lāʻau a me kahi nohona olakino, hiki i ka hapanui o nā kānaka ke hoʻokele kūleʻa i kā lākou kolesterol.

Nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka mālama ʻana i ke kō

Ma waho o nā statins a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kolesterol e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kou pili lipid me kekahi o nā ʻano loli e like me kēia:

• ʻAi i kahi papaʻai haʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol a me nā momona momona, e like me ka mea liʻiliʻi loa i ka ʻulaʻula, kaʻiʻo momona, a me ka waiū momona. E hoʻāʻo e ʻai hou i nā hua, nā nati, nā olonā, a me nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu. ʻO ka papaʻai olakino puʻuwai kahi haʻahaʻa i ke kō a me ka paʻakai. Inā makemake ʻoe i kōkua e hoʻomohala i kēia ʻano papaʻai, hiki i kāu kauka ke hana i kahi kuhikuhi i kahi dietitian.
• Hoʻomaʻamaʻa nui, inā ʻaʻole āpau, i nā lā o ka pule. Paipai ka American Heart Association ma ka liʻiliʻi he 150 mau minuke o ka hoʻoikaika kino lōkahi, e like me ka hele wāwae wikiwiki, i kēlā me kēia pule. Pili ka hana hoʻoikaika kino hou aku me nā pae o ka LDL haʻahaʻa a me nā kiʻekiʻe HDL kiʻekiʻe.
• E hāhai i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka no ka hana maʻamau o ke koko a hoʻolohe i kāu pae lipid. Hiki i nā hopena o kāu keʻena ke hoʻololi nui mai hoʻokahi makahiki a i kekahi. Ke ʻae nei i kahi papaʻai olakino puʻuwai me ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau, ka palena ʻana i ka wai ʻona, ʻaʻole puhipaka, a me ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau i kauoha ʻia e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kāu kolesterol a me nā triglycerides a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kou makaʻi no ka maʻi puʻuwai.