Nā pae lāʻau lapaʻau Theraputic

ʻO nā pae lāʻau lapaʻau Therapeutic he hōʻike hoʻokolohua e nānā no ka nui o kahi lāʻau i ke koko.

Pono kahi laʻana koko. ʻO ka hapanui o ka manawa e huki ʻia ke koko mai kahi aa i waiho ʻia ma loko o ka kuʻe lima a i ʻole ka hope o ka lima.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻomākaukau no kekahi mau hoʻokolohua pae pae lāʻau.

• E haʻi aku kāu mea mālama ola inā pono ʻoe e hoʻololi i nā manawa e lawe ai i kāu lāʻau.
• Mai kū a hoʻololi paha i kāu mau lāʻau me ke kamaʻilio ʻole mua ʻana i kāu mea hāʻawi.

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻeha iki a i ʻole ke kuʻi ke hoʻokomo ʻia o ka nila. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hāwele i kahi kani ma ka pūnaewele ma hope o ka huki ʻia ʻana o ke koko.

Me ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau, pono ʻoe i kahi pae o ka lāʻau i loko o kou koko e loaʻa ai ka hopena kūpono. Hoʻopilikia kekahi mau lāʻau inā piʻi kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe a hana ʻole inā haʻahaʻa nā pae.

Ke nānā nei i ka nui o nā lāʻau i loaʻa i kou koko e ʻae i kāu mea hāʻawi e hōʻoia i ka pae o nā lāʻau i ka pae kūpono.

He mea nui ka hoʻāʻo pae lāʻau i ka poʻe e lawe i nā lāʻau e like me:

• ʻO Flecainide, procainamide a i ʻole digoxin, i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama ai i ka kuʻi maʻamau o ka puʻuwai
• Likiuma, hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi bipolar
• ʻO Phenytoin a i ʻole valproic acid, i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka hopu ʻana
• Gentamicin a i ʻole amikacin, he mau antibiotic i hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i nā maʻi

E hana ʻia paha ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻoholo ai i ka maikaʻi o ka wāwahi ʻana o kou kino i ka lāʻau a i ʻole pehea e launa pū ai me nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe āu e pono ai.

Eia aʻe kekahi o nā lāʻau i nānā pinepine ʻia a me nā pae pahuhopu maʻamau.

• Acetaminophen: ʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana
• Amikacin: 15 a 25 mcg / mL (25.62 a 42.70 micromol / L)
• Amitriptyline: 120 a 150 ng / mL (432.60 a 540.75 nmol / L)
• Carbamazepine: 5 a 12 mcg / mL (21.16 a 50.80 micromol / L)
• Cyclosporine: 100 a 400 ng / mL (83.20 a 332.80 nmol / L) (12 mau hola ma hope o ka mahele lāʻau)
• Desipramine: 150 a 300 ng / mL (563.10 a 1126.20 nmol / L)
• Digoxin: 0.8 a 2.0 ng / mL (1.02 a 2.56 nanomol / L)
• Disopyramide: 2 a 5 mcg / mL (5.89 a 14.73 micromol / L)
• Ethosuximide: 40 a 100 mcg / mL (283.36 a 708.40 micromol / L)
• Flecainide: 0.2 a 1.0 mcg / mL (0.5 a 2.4 micromol / L)
• Gentamicin: 5 a 10 mcg / mL (10.45 a 20.90 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: 150 a 300 ng / mL (534.90 a 1069.80 nmol / L)
• Kanamycin: 20 a 25 mcg / mL (41.60 a 52.00 micromol / L)
• Lidocaine: 1.5 a 5.0 mcg / mL (6.40 a 21.34 micromol / L)
• Likiuma: 0.8 a 1.2 mEq / L (0.8 a 1.2 mmol / L)
• Methotrexate: ʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana
• Nortriptyline: 50 a 150 ng / mL (189.85 a 569.55 nmol / L)
• Phenobarbital: 10 a 30 mcg / mL (43.10 a 129.30 micromol / L)
• Phenytoin: 10 a 20 mcg / mL (39.68 a 79.36 micromol / L)
• Primidone: 5 a 12 mcg / mL (22.91 a 54.98 micromol / L)
• Procainamide: 4 a 10 mcg / mL (17.00 a 42.50 micromol / L)
• Quinidine: 2 a 5 mcg / mL (6.16 a 15.41 micromol / L)
• Salicylate: ʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana
• Sirolimus: 4 a 20 ng / mL (4 a 22 nmol / L) (12 mau hola ma hope o ka mahele lāʻau; ʻokoʻa me ka hoʻohana)
• Tacrolimus: 5 a 15 ng / mL (4 a 25 nmol / L) (12 mau hola ma hope o ka mahele lāʻau)
• Theophylline: 10 a 20 mcg / mL (55.50 a 111.00 micromol / L)
• Tobramycin: 5 a 10 mcg / mL (10.69 a 21.39 micromol / L)
• ʻO Valproic acid: 50 a 100 mcg / mL (346.70 a 693.40 micromol / L)

Hiki ke loli iki nā pae waiwai maʻamau i waena o nā hale hana ʻokoʻa. E kamaʻilio i kāu mea hāʻawi e pili ana i ke ʻano o kāu mau hopena hōʻike.

Hōʻike nā hiʻohiʻona ma luna i nā ana maʻamau no nā hopena no kēia mau hoʻāʻo. Hoʻohana kekahi mau keʻena hoʻokolohua i nā ana like ʻole a i ʻole hoʻokolohua i nā hoʻohālikelike like ʻole.

Ma muli o nā loli iki a i ʻole kahi hōʻailona e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻoponopono i kāu mau kau. E haʻi paha kāu mea lawelawe iā ʻoe e lele i kahi lāʻau inā kiʻekiʻe loa nā kumukūʻai i ana ʻia.

Eia nā pae ʻona no kekahi o nā lāʻau i nānā pinepine ʻia.

• Acetaminophen: ʻoi aku ma mua o 250 mcg / mL (1653.50 micromol / L)
• Amikacin: ʻoi aku ma mua o 25 mcg / mL (42.70 micromol / L)
• Amitriptyline: ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 ng / mL (1802.50 nmol / L)
• Carbamazepine: ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 mcg / mL (50.80 micromol / L)
• Cyclosporine: ʻoi aku ma mua o 400 ng / mL (332.80 micromol / L)
• Desipramine: ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 ng / mL (1877.00 nmol / L)
• Digoxin: ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.4 ng / mL (3.07 nmol / L)
• Disopyramide: ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mcg / mL (14.73 micromol / L)
• Ethosuximide: ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mcg / mL (708.40 micromol / L)
• Flecainide: ʻoi aku ma mua o 1.0 mcg / mL (2.4 micromol / L)
• Gentamicin: ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 mcg / mL (25.08 micromol / L)
• Imipramine: ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 ng / mL (1783.00 nmol / L)
• Kanamycin: ʻoi aku ma mua o 35 mcg / mL (72.80 micromol / L)
• Lidocaine: ʻoi aku ma mua o 5 mcg / mL (21.34 micromol / L)
• Likiuma: ʻoi aku ma mua o 2.0 mEq / L (2.00 millimol / L)
• Methotrexate: ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mcmol / L (10,000 nmol / L) ma luna o 24-hola
• Nortriptyline: ʻoi aku ma mua o 500 ng / mL (1898.50 nmol / L)
• Phenobarbital: ʻoi aku ma mua o 40 mcg / mL (172.40 micromol / L)
• Phenytoin: ʻoi aku ma mua o 30 mcg / mL (119.04 micromol / L)
• Primidone: ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 mcg / mL (68.73 micromol / L)
• Procainamide: ʻoi aku ma mua o 16 mcg / mL (68.00 micromol / L)
• Quinidine: ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 mcg / mL (30.82 micromol / L)
• Salicylate: ʻoi aku ma mua o 300 mcg / mL (2172.00 micromol / L)
• Theophylline: ʻoi aku ma mua o 20 mcg / mL (111.00 micromol / L)
• Tobramycin: ʻoi aku ma mua o 12 mcg / mL (25.67 micromol / L)
• ʻO ka Valproic acid: ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mcg / mL (693.40 micromol / L)

Ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau

• Hōʻaʻo koko

Clarke W. Nānā i ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau. I: Clarke W, Dasgupta A, huaʻōlelo. Nā Hōʻailona Lapaʻau i ka nānā ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau Therapeutic. Cambridge, MA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 1.

ʻO Diasio RB. Nā manaʻo o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 29.

ʻO Nelson LS, Ford MD. Lāʻau make ʻino. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 25th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: chap 110.

ʻO Pincus MR, Bluth MH, ʻAberahama NZ. Toxicology a me ka nānā ʻana i ka lāʻau therapeutic. I: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, hua. ʻO kā Henry's Clinical Diagnosis a me Management e nā Laboratory Methods. 23rd Ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: chap 23.