Cataract hānau

ʻO kahi cataract congenital kahi ʻōpua o nā aniani o ka maka i kū i ka wā hānau. Maʻamau ke aniani o ka maka. Kuhi ka malamalama i ka maka i ka retina.

ʻAʻole like me ka nui o nā cataract, e kū nei me ka ʻelemakule, aia nā cataract congenital i ka wā hānau.

He kakaikahi nā cataract congenital. I ka hapanui o nā kānaka, ʻaʻohe kumu i loaʻa.

Kū pinepine nā cataract congenital ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā hemahema hānau hou:

• Chondrodysplasia maʻi maʻi
• Rubella hānau
• ʻO Conradi-Hünermann maʻi
• Down syndrome (trisomy 21)
• ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Ectodermal dysplasia
• Nā catar congenital ʻohana
• Galactosemia
• ʻO Hallermann-Streiff maʻi
• Lowe maʻi
• ʻO Marinesco-Sjögren maʻi
• ʻO Pierre-Robin maʻi
• Trisomy 13

ʻO nā cataract congenital e nānā pinepine i nā mea ʻokoʻa ma mua o nā ʻano cataract.

Pākuʻi ʻia paha nā ʻōuli:

• ʻAʻole ʻike maka ʻia kahi pēpē i ka honua a puni iā ​​lākou (inā aia nā cataract i nā maka ʻelua)
• Ke ʻōuli a hina keʻokeʻo paha o ka haumāna (ʻo ia ka ʻeleʻele maʻamau)
• ʻO ka ʻulaʻula "maka ʻulaʻula" o ka haumāna e nalowale ana i nā kiʻi, a i ʻole ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā maka 2
• ʻO ka neʻe pinepine ʻana o nā maka wikiwiki (nystagmus)

No ke kuhi ʻana i ka cataract congenital, pono i ka pēpē ke nānā i ka maka āpau e kahi ophthalmologist. Pono e nānā ʻia ke pēpē e ke kauka lapaʻau nāna i ʻike i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi hoʻoilina. Koi ʻia paha nā hōʻoia koko a i ʻole nā ​​kukuna x.

Inā akahai nā cataract congenital a ʻaʻole pili i ka hihi, ʻaʻole pono e mālama ʻia lākou, keu hoʻi inā aia lākou i nā maka ʻelua.

Pono e mālama pono i nā cataract koʻikoʻi e hoʻopili i ka hihiʻo, a i ʻole kahi cataract ma ka maka hoʻokahi wale nō. I ka hapa nui (noncongenital) cataract surgeries, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi aniani intraocular (IOL) i loko o ka maka. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā IOL i nā pēpē he mea hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Me ka ʻole o kahi IOL, pono ka pēpē e komo i kahi aniani hoʻopili.

ʻO ke kau ʻana e koi aku i ke keiki e hoʻohana i ka maka nāwaliwali e pono pinepine ai e pale aku i ka amblyopia.

Pono e mālama ʻia ke pēpē no ka maʻi hoʻoilina e hoʻomaka nei i nā cataract.

ʻO ka hemo ʻana i kahi cataract congenital he ʻano palekana ia a me ke kaʻina kūpono. Pono ke keiki i ka ukali no ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka hihi. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā pēpē i kekahi pae o "maka palaualelo" (amblyopia) ma mua o ke kaha ʻana a pono e hoʻohana i ka pāʻina ʻana.

Me kahi kahakaha cataract aia kahi makaʻu liʻiliʻi loa o:

• Kahena
• Maʻi kīnā
• Hoʻonā

ʻO nā pēpē i ʻoki ʻia no nā cataract congenital e hoʻomohala paha i kahi ʻano cataract, kahi e pono ai ke ʻoki hou a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa laser.

ʻO ka nui o nā maʻi e pili ana i ka cataract congenital hiki ke hoʻopili i nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Kāhea aku i kahi manawa wikiwiki me ke kahu mālama ola o kāu pēpē inā:

• ʻIke ʻoe i ka haumāna o hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau maka i ke ʻano keʻokeʻo a ʻākoʻo paha.
• ʻAʻole nānā ke keiki i ka hapa o ko lākou ao ʻike.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi moʻolelo ʻohana o nā maʻi hoʻoilina e hiki ai ke hana i nā cataract congenital, e noʻonoʻo e ʻimi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo genetika.

Cataract - hānau hānau

• Maka
• Cataract - pili loa o ka maka
• Rubella maʻi
• Kāleka

Cioffi GA, Liebmann JM. Nā maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana ʻike. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 395.

Örge FH. ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo a me nā pilikia maʻamau i ka maka neonatal. I: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, hua. ʻO Fanaroff lāua ʻo Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th hua. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 95.

ʻO Wevill M. Epidemiology, pathophysiology, kumu, morphology, a me nā hopena ʻike o ka cataract. I: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 5.3.