Maʻi maʻi Phonological

ʻO ka maʻi Phonological kahi ʻano o ke kani leo maikaʻi ʻole. ʻAʻole hiki i nā maʻi leo ke haʻi pololei i nā leo o nā huaʻōlelo. Hoʻopili pū kekahi i nā maʻi kani me ka maʻi articulation, disfluency, a me nā maʻi leo.

ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā keiki me ka maʻi phonological i kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​leo a pau o ke kamaʻilio ʻana e hana i nā huaʻōlelo e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia no kahi keiki o ko lākou mau makahiki.

ʻOi aku ka nui o kēia maʻi i nā keikikāne.

ʻO ke kumu o nā maʻi phonological i nā keiki ʻike pinepine ʻole ʻia. Ua loaʻa paha nā pilikia pili ʻōlelo a pili ʻohana paha i nā pili pili.

I ke keiki e hoʻomohala nei i nā kumu ʻōlelo maʻamau:

• I ka makahiki 3, ma ka liʻiliʻi he hapalua o ka mea a ke keiki e ʻōlelo ai e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e kahi malihini.
• Pono ke keiki e hana pololei i nā kani e ka makahiki 4 a i ʻole 5, koe wale no kekahi mau leo ​​e like me l, s, r, v, z, ch, sh, a ʻ..
• ʻAʻole pololei paha nā leo ʻoʻoleʻa a hiki i ka makahiki 7 a 8 paha.

He mea maʻamau no nā kamaliʻi liʻiliʻi e hana hewa i ka haʻiʻōlelo i ka ulu ʻana o kā lākou ʻōlelo.

ʻO nā keiki me kahi maʻi phonological e hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano ʻōlelo waha ʻole i hala i ka makahiki e pono ai lākou e hoʻōki i ka hoʻohana ʻana iā lākou.

Kuhi nā lula ʻōlelo a pololei ʻole i ke kulu ʻana i ke kani mua a hope paha o kēlā me kēia huaʻōlelo a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi mau kani na haʻi.

Waiho paha nā kamaliʻi i kahi kani ʻoiai hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo i ke kani like ke hiki ʻia i nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana nonsensical. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo kahi keiki e hoʻolei i nā consonants hope loa e ʻōlelo paha "boo" no "puke" a me "pi" no "puaʻa", akā ʻaʻohe paha pilikia e ʻōlelo i nā huaʻōlelo e like me "kī" a i ʻole "go".

He mea paʻakikī paha kēia mau kuhihewa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaopopo i ke keiki. Hiki paha i nā lālā o ka ʻohana ke hoʻomaopopo i kahi keiki i loaʻa kahi maʻi haʻi ʻōlelo phonological ʻoi loa.

Hiki i kahi pathologist ʻōlelo ʻōlelo ke kuhikuhi i kahi maʻi phonological. E noi paha lākou i ke keiki e ʻōlelo i kekahi mau huaʻōlelo a laila hoʻohana i kahi hōʻike e like me ka Arizona-4 (Arizona Articulation and Phonology Scale, 4th revision).

Pono e nānā i nā keiki e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi i hoʻopili ʻole ʻia me nā maʻi phonological. Pākuʻi ʻia kēia mau mea:

• Nā pilikia ʻike (e like me ke kīnā ʻole o ka ʻike)
• Lohe hoʻolohe ʻana
• Nā kūlana Neurological (e like me ka cerebral palsy)
• Nā pilikia o ke kino (e like me ka palate cleft)

Pono nā mea mālama ola e nīnau i nā nīnau, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻōlelo a i ʻole kahi ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe i ka home.

Hiki ke hele aku nā ʻano momona o kēia maʻi iā lākou iho ma kahi o 6 mau makahiki.

Hiki paha i ka haʻi'ōlelo ke kōkua i nā hōʻailona ʻoi loa a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia ʻōlelo ʻaʻole maikaʻi. Hiki paha i ka Therapy ke kōkua i ke keiki e hana i ke kani. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i kahi mea hoʻoponopono ke hōʻike i kahi e waiho ai i ke alelo a pehea e hana ai i nā lehelehe ke hana i kahi kani.

Aia ka hopena i ka makahiki i hoʻomaka ai ka maʻi a pehea ke koʻikoʻi. E hoʻomohala ana nā keiki he nui i ka kamaʻilio ʻaneʻane maʻamau.

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi, loaʻa paha i nā keiki nā pilikia e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e nā ʻohana o ka ʻohana. I nā ʻano momona, loaʻa paha i ka keiki ka pilikia e hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ka poʻe ma waho o ka ʻohana. Pilikia paha nā pilikia pili kaiaulu a me ke aʻo ʻana (ka heluhelu ʻana a i ʻole ke kākau ʻana i ke kīnā).

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻo kāu keiki:

• Paʻakikī nō naʻe e hoʻomaopopo e ka makahiki 4
• ʻAʻole hiki ke kani i nā kani i ka makahiki 6
• Haʻalele, hoʻololi, a pani paha i kekahi mau leo ​​i ka makahiki 7
• Loaʻa i nā pilikia kamaʻilio e hoʻohilahila ai

Ka maʻi phonological ulu; Pilikia leo walaʻau; Ka maʻi haʻi - phonological

ʻO Carter RG, Feigelman S. Nā makahiki kamaliʻi. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 24.

Kelly DP, Natale MJ. Neurodevelopmental a me ka mana hoʻokō a me ka hana ʻole. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 48.

Simms MD. Hoʻolālā ʻōlelo a me nā pilikia kamaʻilio. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 52.

ʻO Trauner DA, Nass RD. Nā maʻi ʻōlelo hoʻomohala. I: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, et al, eds. ʻO Swaiman's Pediatric Neurology: Nā Kumuhana a me nā Hana. ʻElua huaʻōlelo Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: chap 53.