Maʻi maʻi makemakika

ʻO ka maʻi makemakika kahi ʻano ma lalo o ka maʻamau o ka mākemakika o ke keiki ma lalo o ka maʻamau no ko lākou mau makahiki, ʻike, a me ka naʻauao.

Pilikia nā keiki i loaʻa i ka maʻi makemakika me nā kaulike makemakika maʻalahi, e like me ka helu ʻana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana.

E ʻike ʻia ka maʻi makemakika me:

• ʻO ka maʻi ahulau hoʻomohala
• ʻO ka maʻi heluhelu heluhelu hoʻomohala
• Kāpena ʻōlelo ʻeleu hoʻolohe

E pilikia paha ke keiki me ka makemakika, a me nā helu haʻahaʻa i nā papa makemakika a me nā hoʻokolohua.

ʻO nā pilikia i loaʻa i ke keiki:

• Pilikia i ka heluhelu ʻana, ke kākau ʻana, a me ke kope ʻana i nā helu
• ʻO nā pilikia i ka helu ʻana a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā helu, hana hewa pinepine ʻana
• Ka manawa paʻakikī e haʻi ana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka unuhi ʻana
• Nā pilikia e hoʻomaopopo ana i nā hōʻailona makemakika a me nā pilikia huaʻōlelo
• ʻAʻole hiki ke laina i nā helu kūpono e hoʻohui, hoʻolawe, a hoʻonui paha
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻonohonoho i nā helu mai ka liʻiliʻi a i ka nui, a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻomaopopo i nā pakuhi

Hiki i nā hoʻokolohua maʻamau ke loiloi i ka mākemakika o ke keiki. Hiki ke kōkua i nā papa a me nā hana papa.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi loa ka ʻike kūikawā (hoʻoponopono). Kōkua pū paha nā polokalamu kamepiula.

Hoʻonui ka hoʻopili mua i nā manawa o kahi hopena maikaʻi aʻe.

Loaʻa paha i nā keiki nā pilikia i ke kula, e pili ana i nā pilikia o ka lawena a me ka lilo o ka hilinaʻi iā ia iho. Hele a hopohopo a makaʻu paha kekahi mau keiki me ka maʻi makemakika ke hāʻawi ʻia nā pilikia makemakika, e hoʻonui ana i ka pilikia.

Kāhea i kahi manawa me kāu kahu mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hopohopo e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o kāu keiki.

ʻO ka ʻike mua ʻana i ka pilikia he mea nui. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mālama ʻana e like me ke kula kindergarten a kula haʻahaʻa paha.

ʻO ka discalculia hoʻomohala

Grajo LC, Guzman J, Szklut SE, Philibert DB. Nā pilikia kīnā a me nā maʻi coordination developmental. I: Lazaro RT, Reina-Guerra SG, Quiben MU, eds. ʻO Umphred's Neurological Rehabilitation. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 12.

Kelly DP, Natale MJ. Neurodevelopmental a me ka mana hoʻokō a me ka hana ʻole. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 48.

ʻO Nass R, Sidhu R, Ross G. Autism a me nā kīnā hemahema ʻē aʻe. I: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. ʻO Bradley's Neurology i ka hana lapaʻau. ʻEpekema 7 Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: chap 90.

Rapin I. ʻO Dyscalculia a me ka lolo helu. Pediatr Neurol. 2016; 61: 11-20. PMID: 27515455 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27515455/.