Leptospirosis

ʻO Leptospirosis kahi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e leptospira bacteria.

Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau koʻohune i ka wai hou i hoʻohaumia ʻia e ka mimi holoholona. E hele a maʻi paha ʻoe inā hoʻopau ʻoe a pili paha i ka wai haumia a i ʻole ka lepo. Kū ka maʻi i nā wahi mehana. ʻAʻole hoʻolaha ʻia ka maʻi maʻi maʻi Leptospirosis mai kahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka, koe wale nō ma nā hanana kakaʻikahi loa.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia me:

• Hōʻike ʻoihana - nā mahiʻai, nā kahu hānai, nā mea hana hale luku, nā mea hoʻopaʻa, nā meaola holoholona, ​​nā mea hana lāʻau, nā limahana humuhumu, nā limahana māla, a me nā pūʻali koa
• Nā hana leʻaleʻa - ʻauʻau wai hou, ka waʻa waʻa, ka kayak a me ke kaʻa paikikala ma nā wahi mehana
• Hōʻike home - nā ʻīlio pipi, nā holoholona holoholona, ​​nā ʻōnaehana hopu wai ua, a me nā koʻokoʻo maʻi

ʻO ka maʻi Weil, kahi ʻano nui o ka leptospirosis, laha ʻole i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. ʻO Hawaiʻi ka helu kiʻekiʻe loa o nā hihia ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ke lawe i 2 a 30 mau lā (ka awelika 10 mau lā) e hoʻomohala, a komo pū paha me:

• Mū maloo
• Fiva
• ʻEha poʻo
• ʻEha ʻeha
• ʻO Nusea, ka luaʻi, a me ka palahī
• Ke haʻalulu nei

ʻO nā ʻōuli liʻiliʻi e pili pū ana me:

• Abdominal eha
• Kani nā kani kūpono ʻole
• ʻEha iwi
• ʻUlaʻula Conjunctival me ka ʻole o ka wai
• Hoʻonui ʻia nā gland lymph
• Hoʻonui ākea a i ʻole akepaʻa
• ʻEha pū
• ʻOʻoleʻa ka ʻili
• Palupalu mākala
• ʻ Skinhū ʻili
• Eha ka 'ā'ī

Hōʻaʻo ʻia ke koko no nā mea ʻino i nā koʻohune. I loko o kekahi mau hanana o ka maʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā koʻohune iā lākou iho me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hopena polymerase chain (PCR).

Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hana ʻia:

• Helu piha koko (CBC)
• Creatine kinase
• Nā ʻenemona akepaʻa
• Urinalysis
• Nā moʻomeheu koko

ʻO nā lāʻau e mālama ai i ka leptospirosis me:

• ʻO Ampicillin
• ʻO Azithromycin
• ʻO Ceftriaxone
• ʻO Doxycycline
• Penikila

Pono paha nā hihia pilikia a koʻikoʻi paha i ka mālama kākoʻo. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke mālama i kahi keʻena mālama maʻi nui (ICU).

Maikaʻi loa ka kuanaʻike. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kahi hihia paʻakikī ke make inā ʻaʻole ia e mālama koke ʻia.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Ka hopena ʻo Jarisch-Herxheimer ke hāʻawi ʻia ka penicillin
• Meningitis
• Kahe nui ke koko

Kāhea aku i kāu lawelawe mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau ʻōuli o, a i ʻole nā ​​mea pilikia no, leptospirosis.

Hōʻalo i nā wahi o ka wai stagnant a i ʻole ka wai wai hālana, keu hoʻi i nā aniau tropical. Inā ʻike ʻia ʻoe i kahi wahi kiʻekiʻe o ka makaʻu, e makaʻala i pale i ka maʻi. E ʻaahu i nā lole pale, nā kāmaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​kāmaʻa inā kokoke i ka wai a i ʻole ka lepo i haumia i ka mimi holoholona. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka doxycycline e hōʻemi i ka makaʻu.

Maʻi nāwaliwali; Icterohemorrhagic wela; Maʻi ʻo Swineherd; Ke kuni māla; Kaha ʻoki ʻoki; Pā palahū; Mud fiva; Hemorrhagic jaundice; Maʻi Stuttgart; ʻO ke kuni Canicola

• Nā Antibodies

ʻO Galloway RL, Stoddard RA, Schafer IJ. Leptospirosis. CDC Yellow Book 2020: ʻIkepili olakino no ka mea huakaʻi honua. Nā kikowaena no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka pale ʻana. wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/yellowbook-home. Hoʻohou i Iulai 18, 2019. Loaʻa iā ʻOkakopa 7, 2020.

Haake DA, Levett PN. Leptospira species (leptospirosis). I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 239.

Zaki S, Shieh W-J. Leptospirosis. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 307.