Hoʻopaʻa urethral

ʻO ka paʻa ʻana o Urethral kahi mea ākea o ka urethra. ʻO Urethra ka paipu e lawe i ka mimi mai ke kino mai ka pale.

Hoʻokumu ʻia paha ke koʻikoʻi urethral e ka pehu ʻana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻeha o ke ʻoki. Hiki iā ia ke hana ma hope o ka maʻi a ʻeha paha. Kākaʻikahi wale nō, kumu ʻia ia e ke kaomi mai kahi tumo ulu ma kahi kokoke i ka urethra.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ka makaʻu no kēia ʻano me:

• Ka maʻi maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia (STI)
• Nā hana e hoʻonoho i kahi paipu i ka urethra (e like me ka catheter a i ʻole cystoscope)
• ʻO Benpl prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
• ʻO ka hōʻeha i ka wahi pelvic
• ʻO ka urethritis hou

Kākaʻikahi nā ʻōkuhi i loaʻa i ka wā hānau (congenital). Kākaʻikahi ke ʻano i nā wahine.

ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• Koko i ka mānoanoa
• Hoʻokuʻu mai ka urethra
• Mimi koko a ʻeleʻele paha
• Ikaika ka makemake e mimi a me ka pinepine urination
• Ka hiki ʻole ke hakahaka i ka ʻai (urinary retention)
• Urination ʻeha a paʻakikī i ka mimiki
• Lilo o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻai
• Hoʻonui i ke alapine a i ʻole ka wikiwiki e mimi
• ʻEha ma ka ʻōpū o lalo a me ka wahi pelvic
• Ke kahawai mimi lohi (hiki ke ulu koke a lohi paha) a i ʻole ka pīpī ʻana i ka mimi
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ka peni

E hōʻike paha kahi hōʻike kino i kēia:

• Hoʻoemi kahe urinary
• Hoʻokuʻu mai ka urethra
• Pākuʻi hoʻonui
• Hoʻonui a palupalu paha i nā lymph node i ke aʻa
• Hoʻonui a palupalu paha i ka prostate
• ʻO ka paʻakikī ma lalo o ka penis
• ʻO kaʻulaʻula a pehu paha o ka peni

I kekahi manawa, hōʻike ka hōʻike ʻole i nā mea kūpono ʻole.

Hoʻopili nā hōʻike i kēia mau mea:

• Cystoscopy
• Koena o ka postvoid residual (PVR)
• Retrograde urethrogram
• Nā ho'āʻo no chlamydia a me gonorrhea
• Urinalysis
• Umi holo ka mimi
• Moʻomeheu mimi

Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka urethra (dilated) i ka wā o cystoscopy. E hoʻopili ʻia ka lāʻau numbing kumuhana i ka wahi ma mua o ke kaʻina hana. Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi mea kani lahilahi i ka urethra e hoʻolōʻihi iā ia. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke mālama i kāu koʻikoʻi ma ke aʻo ʻana e hoʻonui i ka urethra ma ka home.

Inā hiki ʻole i ka dilate urethral ke hoʻoponopono i ke ʻano, pono ʻoe i ke ʻoki. ʻO ke ʻano o ke kaha ʻana e kaukaʻi ʻia i ka wahi a me ka lōʻihi o ke koʻikoʻi. Inā pōkole ka wahi ākea a ʻaʻole kokoke i nā mākala e kaohi ana i ka puka o ka puhā, e ʻoki a pālahalaha paha ke koʻikoʻi.

Hana ʻia kahi urethroplasty hāmama no nā ʻoi aku ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. Hoʻopili kēia ʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i kahi maʻi. Kūkulu hou ka urethra. Hoʻololi nā hopena, e like me ka nui a me ka wahi o ke koʻikoʻi, ka helu o nā lapaʻau āu i loaʻa ai, a me ka ʻike a ke kauka.

I nā hihia koʻikoʻi ke hiki ʻole iā ʻoe ke hele i ka mimi, hoʻonoho ʻia kahi catheter suprapubic. He lāʻau kūpilikiʻi kēia. ʻAe kēia i ka bladder e kahe ma waena o ka ʻōpū.

ʻAʻole mālama ʻia nā lāʻau i kēia manawa no kēia maʻi. Ināʻaʻohe hana ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hana ʻia kahi alualu urinary i kapa ʻia he appendicovesicostomy (Mitrofanoff kaʻina hana) a i ʻole he ʻano ʻoki ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi kēia iā ʻoe e hoʻokahe i kāu ʻōpū ma o ka paia o ka ʻōpū e hoʻohana ana i ka catheter a i ʻole ʻeke stoma.

ʻO ka hopena maikaʻi loa me ka lāʻau. I kekahi manawa, pono e hana hou i ka lāʻau e wehe ai i nāʻiʻo makaʻu.

Hiki i ke kīkī urethral ke kāpae i ke kahe o ka mimi. Hiki i kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻana o ka urinary. Pono e mālama wikiwiki i kēia ʻano. Hiki i ka paʻa wā lōʻihi ke alakaʻi i ka maʻi ʻaʻa mau a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hakuʻala.

Kāhea i kāu mea mālama ola inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā ʻōuli o ke koʻikoʻi urethral.

ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka moekolohe palekana e hoʻoliʻiliʻi paha i ka makaʻu o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā STI a me ke koʻikoʻi urethral.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kaohi urethral hiki koke ke pale aku i nā kōkō a i ʻole nā ​​kōpikipiki maʻi.

• ʻĀpana mimi wahine
• ʻĀpana mimi kāne

Babu TM, Urban MA, Augenbraun MH. Urethritis. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 107.

ʻO Elder JS. ʻO ka ālai ʻana o ka maʻi urinary. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 555.

Virasoro R, Jordan GH, McCammon KA. ʻO ke kaha no nā maʻi benign o ka peni a me ka urethra. I: Partin AW, Dmochowski RR, Kavoussi LR, Peters CA, eds. Campbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. 12th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: chap 82.