ʻO Bronchiolitis

ʻO ka Bronchiolitis ka pehu a me ka mucus buildup i nā ala ea liʻiliʻi loa i nā akemāmā (bronchioles). ʻO ia maʻamau ma muli o kahi maʻi viral.

Hoʻopili pinepine ʻo Bronchiolitis i nā keiki ma lalo o ka makahiki 2, me ka makahiki kiʻekiʻe o 3 a 6 mau mahina. He maʻi maʻamau ia, a i kekahi manawa kaumaha loa. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Syncytial Respiratory (RSV) ke kumu maʻamau. ʻOi aku ka hapalua o nā pēpē āpau i kēia maʻi i ko lākou lā hānau mua.

ʻO nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe i hiki ke hoʻokumu i ka bronchiolitis me:

• Adenovirus
• Influenza
• Parainfluenza

Hoʻolahalaha ʻia ka maʻi virus i nā pēpē ma ke komo pololei ʻana me ka wai ihu a me ka ʻāʻī o kekahi mea loaʻa ka maʻi. Hiki i kēia ke hana i kahi keiki ʻē aʻe a makua paha i loaʻa i ka maʻi virus.

• Huhū a ʻūhā paha ma kahi kokoke a hū ʻia nā droplets liʻiliʻi i ka lewa e ka pēpē
• Hoʻopā i nā mea pāʻani a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe a laila e hoʻopā ʻia e ka pēpē

Kū pinepine ʻo Bronchiolitis i ka hāʻule a me ka hoʻoilo ma mua o nā manawa ʻē aʻe o ka makahiki. He kumu maʻamau loa ia no ka hōʻola ʻia ʻana o nā pēpē i ka wā hoʻoilo a me ka mua o ka puna.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia o ka bronchiolitis me:

• Ma kahi o ka uahi paka
• Ma mua o 6 mau makahiki
• Noho i nā kūlana lehulehu
• ʻAʻole umauma
• Hānau ʻia ma mua o 37 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana

Loaʻa i kekahi mau keiki he mau hōʻailona liʻiliʻi a ʻoluʻolu paha.

Hoʻomaka ʻo Bronchiolitis ma ke ʻano he maʻi hanu kiʻekiʻe ma luna. Ma waena o 2 a 3 mau lā, ulu aʻe ke keiki i nā pilikia hanu hou, e like me ka hū ʻana a me ka pehu.

ʻO nā hōʻailona me:

• ʻO kaʻili polū ma muli o ka nele o ka oxygen (cyanosis) - pono ka mālama ulia pōpilikia
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana me ka hū ʻana a me ka hanu ʻana
• Cough
• Ka luhi
• Fiva
• Pahu nā mākala a puni nā iwi ʻaoʻao i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke keiki e hanu (i kapa ʻia ʻo intercostal retractions)
• Hele ākea nā puka ihu o ke pēpē ke hanu
• Ka hanu wikiwiki ʻana (tachypnea)

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino. Lohe ʻia a kani paha nā kani kani ma o ka stethoscope.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka bronchiolitis ma muli o nā ʻōuli a me ka hōʻike.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Nā kinoea koko
• Pākuʻi x-ray
• ʻO ka moʻomeheu o kahi laʻana o ka wai nasal e hoʻoholo i ka maʻi ma ke ʻano o ka maʻi

ʻO ka nānā nui o ka mālama ʻana e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli, e like me ka paʻakikī o ka hanu ʻana a me ke kani ʻana. Pono paha kekahi mau keiki e noho i ka haukapila inā ʻaʻole hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou pilikia hanu ma hope o ka nānā ʻia ʻana i ka haukapila a i ʻole ke keʻena pilikia.

ʻAʻole hana nā Antibiotics e kūʻē i nā maʻi viral. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau e mālama ai i nā maʻi ʻino e mālama ai i nā keiki maʻi loa.

Ma ka home, hiki ke hoʻohana i nā ana e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli. O kahi laʻana:

• E inu kāu keiki i nā wai he nui. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka waiū o ka waiū a no nā keiki ma mua o 12 mau mahina. ʻO nā mea inu uila, e like me Pedialyte, maikaʻi nō hoʻi no nā pēpē.
• E hānai i kāu keiki i ka ea pulu (pulu) e kōkua ai e hoʻokuʻu i ka mucus sticky. E hoʻohana i kahi mea humuhū e hoʻuluʻu i ka ea.
• E hāʻawi i kāu keiki i mau kulu ihu. A laila e hoʻohana i kahi uʻi omo ihu e kōkua ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ihu ihu.
• E ʻike pono i ka hoʻomaha nui ʻana o kāu keiki.

Mai ʻae i kekahi e puhi i loko o ka hale, kaʻa, a i ʻole ma kahi kokoke i kāu keiki. Pono paha nā keiki e pilikia nei i ka hanu ʻana e noho i ka haukapila. Ma laila, hiki i ka mālama ʻana ke hoʻopili pū me ka oxygen therapy a me nā wai i hāʻawi ʻia ma o kahi aa (IV).

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hanu ʻana i ka lā ʻekolu a maopopo loa nā ʻōuli ma loko o hoʻokahi pule. I nā hihia kakaikahi, ulu ka maʻi ponia a i ʻole nā ​​pilikia hanu nui aʻe.

Hiki paha i kekahi mau keiki ke pilikia i ka wheezing a i ʻole ka hānō i ko lākou wā ʻelemakule.

Kāhea koke i kāu mea lawelawe a i ʻole hele i ka lumi pilikia inā kāu keiki:

• Luhi loa
• He ʻulaʻula kona i ka ʻili, nā kui, a me nā lehelehe
• Hoʻomaka ka hanu wikiwiki loa
• Loaʻa i kahi anuanu e hōʻino koke
• He paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana
• Loaʻa ka lele ʻana o ka ihu a i ʻole ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka umauma ke hoʻāʻo nei e hanu

ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka hapa nui o nā hihia o ka bronchiolitis ma muli o ka ʻike pinepine ʻia o nā maʻi ʻino i loko o ke kaiapuni. Hiki i ka holoi lima akahele ʻana, keu hoʻi ma nā pēpē, hiki ke pale i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi.

ʻO kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo palivizumab (Synagis) e hāpai i ka ʻōnaehana pale pale e koi ʻia no kekahi mau keiki. E hōʻike ke kauka o kāu keiki iā ʻoe inā kūpono kēia lāʻau no kāu keiki.

Pākuʻi syncytial respiratory - bronchiolitis; Flu - bronchiolitis; Wheezing - bronchiolitis

• Bronchiolitis - hoʻokuʻu
• Pehea e hanu ai inā pōkole ʻoe o ka hanu
• Ka palekana o oxygen
• Kahe hoʻoheheʻe hope
• Ke hoʻohana nei i ka oxygen ma ka home
• Ke hoʻohana nei i ka oxygen ma ka home - he aha e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka

• ʻO Bronchiolitis
• Nā māmā māmā a me nā alveoli

Hale SA, Ralston SL. Wheezing, bronchiolitis, a me bronchitis. I: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. ʻO Puka Textbook of Pediatrics ʻo Nelson. 21st ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 418.

Ralston SL, Lieberthal AS; American Academy of Pediatrics, a me al. ʻO ke kulekele hoʻomaʻamaʻa lapaʻau: ka hōʻailona, ​​ka hoʻokele, a me ka pale ʻana i ka bronchiolitis. Pediatrics. 2014; 134 (5): e1474-e1502. PMID: 25349312 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25349312.

Walsh EE, Englund JA. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Syncytial Respiratory. I: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, hua pā. ʻO Mandell, Douglas, a me Bennett's Principle a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā maʻi kūpilikiʻi. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 158.