Erythema multiforme

ʻO Erythema multiforme (EM) kahi hopena ʻili koʻikoʻi i hele mai mai kahi maʻi a i ʻole kahi mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO EM kahi maʻi hōʻemi ponoʻī. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi ka mea maʻamau hoʻonā iā ia iho me ka ʻole o ka lapaʻau.

ʻO EM kahi ʻano o ka hopena maʻi ʻino. I ka hapanui o nā hihia, kū i ka pane i kahi maʻi. I nā hihia maʻamau, kumu ʻia ia e kekahi mau lāʻau a i ʻole ka maʻi ākea (ākea).

Nā maʻi ʻino e hiki ai ke alakaʻi iā EM:

• ʻO nā virus, e like me ka herpes simplex e hōʻeha ai i nā maʻi anuanu a me nā herpes genital (ʻoi loa)
• ʻO nā koʻohune, e like me Mycoplasma pneumoniaekumu ia maʻi ʻaʻai
• Fungus, e like me Histoplasma capsulatum, ʻo ia ke kumu o ka histoplasmosis

ʻO nā lāʻau e hoʻonā iā EM ke:

• Nā NSAID
• Allopurinol (mālama i ka gout)
• Kekahi antibiotics, e like me sulfonamides a aminopenicillins
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūpale

ʻO nā maʻi ʻōnaehana e pili pū me EM:

• ʻO ka maʻi ʻōpū hoʻowali, e like me ka maʻi Crohn
• ʻO ka lupus erythematosus ʻōnaehana

Hana ʻo EM ma ka hapanui o nā mākua 20 a 40 mau makahiki. Loaʻa paha i ka poʻe me EM nā lālā o ka ʻohana i loaʻa iā EM pū kekahi.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o EM me:

• Kaha wela
• ʻEha poʻo
• Eha ka 'ā'ī
• Cough
• Mū ihu
• Manaʻo maʻi laulā
• ʻIli ʻili
• ʻEha pū
• Nui nā ʻili ʻili (ʻeha a i ʻole nā ​​wahi ʻino)

ʻEha ʻeha paha:

• Hoʻomaka koke
• Hoʻi mai 'oe
• Hoʻolahalaha
• E hānai ʻia a hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia paha
• E like me nā hives
• E puni i ka ʻeha waena e nā apo ʻulaʻula keʻokeʻo, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he māka, iris, a i ʻole nā ​​maka bipi
• Loaʻa i nā puʻupuʻu i piha i ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​palapū o nā nui like ʻole
• Aia ma ke kino o luna, nā wāwae, nā lima, nā poho lima, nā lima, a me nā wāwae
• Hoʻopili i ka maka a i ʻole nā ​​lehelehe
• Hōʻike kaulike ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ke kino (symmetrical)

Hiki i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe ke:

• Maka maka koko
• Nā maka maloʻo
• Puhi ka maka, ʻili, a hoʻokuʻu
• ʻEhaʻeha maka
• ʻEha nā waha
• Nā pilikia ʻike

ʻElua ʻano o EM:

• Hoʻopili pinepine ʻo EM liʻiliʻi i ka ʻili a i kekahi manawa ʻeha ka waha.
• Hoʻomaka pinepine ka EM nui me ke kuni a me nā ʻeha pū. Ma waho aʻe o ka ʻeha o ka ʻili a me nā ʻeha o ka waha, aia paha he ʻeha ma nā maka, nā genital, nā alaloa māmā, a me nā ʻōpū.

E nānā kāu kauka olakino i kou ʻili e hōʻoia iā EM. E nīnau ʻia ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mōʻaukala olakino, e like me nā maʻi hou a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau i lawe ʻia.

E komo pū paha nā hoʻāʻo:

• ʻO ka biopsy lesion ʻili
• Ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana o ka ʻili o ka ʻili ma lalo o kahi microscope

Hele maʻamau ʻo EM iā ia iho me ka mālama ʻole ʻia.

E hoʻokau kāu mea hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau e hiki ai ke pilikia. Akā, mai hōʻoki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau iā ʻoe iho me ka ʻole e kamaʻilio mua i kāu mea hāʻawi.

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka mālama ʻana:

• Nā lāʻau, e like me antihistamines, e kaohi i ka aniani
• Hoʻopili ka hamo i ka ʻili
• Nā lāʻau ʻeha e hōʻemi ai i ka fiva a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ʻole
• Holoi ka waha e hōʻoluʻolu i ka ʻeha o ka waha e hoʻopilikia i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka inu ʻana
• Nā Antibiotics no nā maʻi ʻili
• Corticosteroids e kāohi i ka pehu
• Nā lāʻau no ka ʻōuli o ka maka

Hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi ke pale aku i nā maʻi ʻelua (nā maʻi i loaʻa mai ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi mua).

Hoʻohana o ka pale lā, nā lole pale, a me ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻike nui ʻana i ka lā i mea e pale ai i ka hoʻi hou ʻana o EM.

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā ʻano māmā o EM i 2 a 6 mau pule, akā hoʻi paha ka pilikia.

Komo pū nā pilikia o EM:

• Waihona ʻili paʻalulu
• Hoʻi o EM, ʻoi loa me ka maʻi HSV

Kāhea koke i kāu mea hāʻawi inā loaʻa nā ʻōuli o EM.

EM; Erythema multiforme ʻōpio; Erythema multiforme nui; Erythema multiforme ʻōpio - erythema multiforme von Hebra; ʻO ka maʻi koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi - erythema multiforme; Herpes simplex - erythema multiforme

• Erythema multiforme ma nā lima
• Erythema multiforme, liona puni - lima
• ʻO Erythema multiforme, nā leona pahuhopu ma ka pāma
• Erythema multiforme ma ka wāwae
• Erythema multiforme ma ka lima
• Exfoliation e pili ana i ka erythroderma

ʻO Duvic M. Urticaria, nā huehue hypersensitivity lāʻau, nodules a me nā tumors, a me nā maʻi atrophic. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 411.

Holland KE, Soung PJ. Loaʻa nā huhū i ke keiki makua. I: Kleigman RM, Lye PS, Bordini BJ, Toth H, Basel D, nā hua. ʻO Diagnosis Hōʻike Hōʻikeʻike Pediatric Nelson. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 48.

Rubenstein JB, Spektor T. Conjunctivitis: maʻi lele a me ka maʻi ʻole. I: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. Ophthalmology. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: chap 4.6.

ʻO Shah KN. ʻO Urticaria a me erythema multiforme. I: Long SS, Prober CG, Fischer M, hua pā. Nā Kumuhana a me nā Hana o nā maʻi maʻi Pediatric. 5th lā. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 72.