Nā lāʻau āpau lāʻau

ʻO nā maʻi āpau kahi hui o nā ʻōuli i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi hopena maʻi i ka lāʻau (ka lāʻau).

Hoʻopili kahi lāʻau āpau lāʻau i kahi pane pale i loko o ke kino e hana i kahi hopena maʻi i ka lāʻau.

ʻO ka manawa mua āu e ʻai ai i ka lāʻau, ʻaʻohe ou pilikia. Akā, hiki i ka ʻōnaehana pale o kou kino ke hana i kahi mea (antibody) e kūʻē i kēlā lāʻau. ʻO ka manawa aʻe āu e lawe ai i ka lāʻau, hiki i ka antibody ke haʻi i kāu mau keʻokeʻo koko keʻokeʻo e hana i kahi kemika i kapa ʻia histamine. Hoʻokumu nā histamines a me nā kemika ʻē aʻe i kāu mau hōʻailona maʻi āpau.

ʻO nā lāʻau āpau āpau āpau e komo pū me:

• Nā lāʻau i hoʻohana e mālama i ka hopu ʻana
• Insulina (ʻo ia hoʻi nā kumu holoholona o ka insulin)
• Nā mea i loaʻa i iodine, e like me nā kala ʻokoʻa x-ray (hiki i kēia ke kumu i nā hopena like me nā maʻi āpau)
• Penicillin a me nā antibiotic e pili ana
• Nā lāʻau Sulfa

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hopena o nā lāʻau ʻaʻole i pili i kahi hopena maʻi alohai i hoʻokumu ʻia i nā mea ʻino IgE. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i ka aspirin ke kumu i ka hives a i ʻole ka hānō me ka ʻole e hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Hoʻohilahila nā poʻe he nui i kahi ʻoluʻolu ʻole, akā koʻikoʻi ʻole, ka hopena o ka lāʻau (e like me ka nausea) me kahi allergy lāʻau.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau āpau e hoʻoulu i nā huehue ʻili liʻiliʻi a me nā hives. Kū koke paha kēia mau ʻōuli a mau hola paha ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau. ʻO ka maʻi serum kahi ʻano lohi o ka hopena i loaʻa i hoʻokahi pule a ʻoi paha ma hope o kou hōʻike ʻia i kahi lāʻau a lāʻau lāʻau paha.

ʻO nā ʻōuli maʻamau o kahi maʻi ʻaʻai e like me:

• ʻO Hives
• Ka ʻili o ka ʻili a me nā maka (maʻamau)
• ʻĀwī ʻili (maʻamau)
• ʻO ka pehu o nā lehelehe, elelo, a i ʻole ke alo
• ʻUhihi

ʻO nā ʻōuli o ka anaphylaxis me:

• Paʻi ʻōpū a cramping paha
• Huikau
• Pohā
• Ka hanu paʻakikī ʻana me ka leo uē a i ʻole ka leo hoarse
• Puʻupuʻu
• Māmā, ʻālohilohi
• Hives ma luna o nā ʻāpana like ʻole o ke kino
• Nualea, luaʻi
• Pākuʻi wikiwiki
• ʻO ka manaʻo o ka naʻau e kuʻi ka puʻuwai (palpitations)

E hōʻike ʻia kahi hoʻokolokolo:

• Hoemi i ke kahe o ke koko
• ʻO Hives
• Rash
• ʻO ka pehu o nā lehelehe, ke alo, a i ʻole ke alelo (angioedema)
• ʻUhihi

Hiki i ka ʻili ʻana i ka ʻili ke kōkua i ke kuhi ʻana i kahi maʻi āpau i nā lāʻau penicillin. ʻAʻohe ʻili maikaʻi a i ʻole nā ​​hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko e kōkua e ʻike pono i nā lāʻau āpau ʻē aʻe.

Inā loaʻa ʻoe i nā ʻōuli e like me nā maʻi āpau ma hope o ka lawe ʻana i kahi lāʻau a i ʻole loaʻa ka hoʻohālikelike (dye) ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi x-ray, e haʻi pinepine aku kāu mea mālama ola iā ʻoe he hōʻoia kēia o kahi allergy lāʻau. ʻAʻole pono ʻoe i ka hoʻāʻo hou.

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli a pale i kahi hopena koʻikoʻi.

Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka mālama ʻana:

• Nā Antihistamines e hōʻoluʻolu i nā ʻōuli mālie e like me ka hū, ka hives, a me ka ʻume
• ʻO nā Bronchodilators e like me ka albuterol e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i nā ʻōuli e like me ka hānō (kaulike kaulike a me ka huehue)
• Pili ʻia ka Corticosteroids i ka ʻili, hāʻawi ʻia e ka waha, a i ʻole hāʻawi ʻia ma o ke aa (intravenously)
• Epinephrine e ka pahu kui e mālama i ka anaphylaxis

Pono e hōʻalo i nā lāʻau hōʻeha a me nā lāʻau like. E ʻike pono i kāu poʻe lawelawe a pau - me nā kauka niho a me nā limahana o ka haukapila - ʻike e pili ana i nā lāʻau āpau i loaʻa iā ʻoe a me kāu mau keiki paha.

I kekahi mau hihia, pane ka maʻi ʻaʻā penicillin (a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau ʻē aʻe) i ka desensitization. Hoʻopili kēia i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā lāʻau liʻiliʻi loa i ka manawa mua, a ukali ʻia e nā lāʻau nui a nui aʻe o ka lāʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i kou ahonui o ka lāʻau. Pono e hana i kēia hana e ka mea aleremia, ke ʻaʻohe lāʻau ʻē aʻe na ʻoe e lawe.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā lāʻau āpau i ka lāʻau. Akā i kekahi manawa, hiki iā lākou ke alakaʻi i ka hānō nui, anaphylaxis, a i ʻole ka make.

Kāhea i kāu mea hāʻawi inā ʻoe e lawe i kahi lāʻau a me he mea lā e loaʻa ana kahi hopena iā ia.

E hele i ka lumi pilikia a kāhea paha i ka helu kūloko kūloko (e like me 911) inā pilikia ʻoe i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole hoʻomohala i nā ʻōuli ʻē aʻe o ka hānō a i ʻole anaphylaxis. ʻO kēia nā kūlana pilikia.

ʻAʻohe ala e pale aku ai i ka allergy lāʻau.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi āpau i ʻike ʻia, ʻo ka hōʻalo ʻana i ka lāʻau ka ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i kahi hopena maʻi. ʻ toldlelo ʻia paha ʻoe e hōʻalo i nā lāʻau like.

I kekahi mau hihia, ʻae paha ka mea hāʻawi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o kahi lāʻau e hiki ai i kahi alapiʻi ke mālama mua ʻia ʻoe me nā lāʻau e lohi a ālai paha i ka pane pale. Hoʻopili kēia i nā corticosteroids (e like me prednisone) a me nā antihistamines. Mai hoʻāʻo i kēia me ka nānā ʻole o ka mea lawelawe. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka Pretreatment me nā corticosteroids a me nā antihistamines i mea e pale aku ai i nā hopena maʻi i ka poʻe e pono ke loaʻa ka waihoʻoluʻu x-ray.

Koi paha kāu mea hāʻawi i ka desensitization.

ʻO ka hopena āpau - lāʻau (lāʻau); ʻO ka hypersensitivity lāʻau; ʻO ka hypersensitivity lāʻau lapaʻau

• Anaphylaxis
• ʻO Hives
• Nā hopena āpau i ka lāʻau
• Dermatitis - kāhea
• Dermatitis - hoʻopili pustular
• Lapaʻau lāʻau - Tegretol
• Hū ka lāʻau paʻa
• ʻO ka hū ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau - bullous
• ʻO ka hū ʻana o ka lāʻau i ka papalina
• ʻ rhū ka lāʻau ma ke kua
• Nā Antibodies

ʻO Barksdale AN, Muelleman RL. Allergy, hypersensitivity, a me anaphylaxis. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 109.

Grammer LC. ʻAha maʻi ʻaʻai. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 239.

ʻO Solensky R, ʻo Phillips EJ. ʻAha maʻi ʻaʻai. I: Burks AW, Holgate ST, O'Hehir RE, et al, eds. Middleton's Allergy: Nā Manaʻo a me ka Hoʻomaʻamaʻa. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 77.