Mononeuropathy

ʻO Mononeuropathy ka mea hōʻino i kahi aʻalolo hoʻokahi, kahi e hopena ai i ka nalowale o ka neʻe, sensation, a i ʻole nā ​​hana ʻē aʻe o kēlā nerve.

ʻO Mononeuropathy kahi ʻano o ka hōʻino ʻana i kahi aʻalolo ma waho o ka lolo a me ka iwi kuamoʻo (peripheral neuropathy).

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ʻo Mononeuropathy e ka ʻeha. ʻO nā maʻi e hoʻopili ana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa (nā ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana) hiki i ke kumu o ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o ke aʻalolo.

ʻO ke kaomi wā lōʻihi ma ke aʻalolo ma muli o ka pehu a ʻeha paha hiki ke hopena i ka mononeuropathy. ʻO ka uhi ʻana o ke aʻalolo (myelin sheath) a i ʻole kahi ʻāpana o ke aʻa nerve (ke axon) e ʻino paha. Lohi a pale paha kēia ʻino i nā hōʻailona mai ka hele ʻana ma waena o nā ʻalolo poino.

Pili paha ka Mononeuropathy i kekahi ʻāpana o ke kino. ʻO kekahi ʻano o ka mononeuropathy e like me:

• ʻO ke kīnā ʻole o ke aʻalolo Axillary (ka nalowale o ka neʻe a i ʻole ke ʻano i ka poʻohiwi)
• ʻO ke kīnā o ke aʻalolo peroneal maʻamau (ka nalowale o ka neʻe a i ʻole ka sensation i ka wāwae a me ka wāwae)
• Carpal tunnel Syndrome (waena o ke aʻalolo nerve - me ka helu ʻana, ka ʻūlū ʻana, ka nāwaliwali, a me ka hōʻino ʻana o nā mākala ma ka lima a me nā manamana lima)
• Cranial mononeuropathy III, IV, kaohi ʻana a i ʻole diabetic ʻano
• Cranial mononeuropathy VI (ʻike lua)
• Cranial mononeuropathy VII (paralysis maka)
• ʻO ke kīnā o ke aʻalolo wahine (ka nalowale o ka neʻe a i ʻole ka sensation i kahi ʻāpana o ka wāwae)
• ʻO ke kīnā ʻole nerve radial (nā pilikia me ka neʻe ʻana i ka lima a me ka pulima a me ka sensation ma ka hope o ka lima a lima paha)
• ʻO ke kīnā sciatic (pilikia me nā mākala o ke kua o ke kuli a me ka wāwae o lalo, a me ka sensation i ka hope o ka ʻūhā, kahi o ka wāwae o lalo, a me ka wāwae o ka wāwae)
• ʻO ke kīnā ʻole o ke aʻa Ulnar (cubital tunnel Syndrome - e like me ka helu ʻana, ka ʻūlū ʻana, ka nāwaliwali o waho a me lalo o ka lima, ka pā, ke apo a me nā manamana liʻiliʻi)

Pili nā ʻōuli i ke aʻalolo kikoʻī e hoʻopili ʻia, a e hoʻopili pū paha me:

• Lilo o ka naʻau
• Pālolo
• ʻO ka ʻūlū ʻana, ke puhi ʻana, ka ʻeha, nā naʻau ʻino
• Nawaliwali

E hana ka mea mālama ola i kahi hoʻokolohua kino a nānā i ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia. Pono kahi moʻolelo olakino kikoʻī e hoʻoholo i ke kumu o ka maʻi.

ʻO nā hoʻāʻo e hana ʻia ana paha:

• Electromyogram (EMG) e nānā i ka hana uila i nā mākala
• Nā ho'āʻo conduction nerve (NCV) e nānā i ka wikiwiki o ka hana uila i nā aʻa
• ʻO ke ultrasound nerve e nānā i nā aʻalolo
• X-ray, MRI a i ʻole CT scan e kiʻi i kahi ʻike holoʻokoʻa o ka wahi i hoʻopilikia ʻia
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko
• ʻO ke biopsy nerve (i ka hihia o mononeuropathy ma muli o vasculitis)
• Ninaninau CSF
• ʻ biiwi lāʻau

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e ʻae iā ʻoe e hoʻohana i ka ʻāpana o ke kino e pili ana i ka hiki.

Hoʻomaopopo kekahi o nā kūlana olakino i nā aʻalolo ma mua o ka hōʻeha. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka maʻi kō ke hōʻeha i ke aʻa, kahi e hoʻopili pinepine ai i kahi aʻalolo hoʻokahi. No laila, pono e mālama ʻia ke kumu paʻa.

Hiki i nā koho lapaʻau ke hoʻopili i kekahi o kēia:

• Ma luna o nā pale painkillers, e like me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory no ka ʻeha māmā
• ʻO nā Antidepressants, anticonvulsants, a me nā lāʻau e like me ka ʻeha mau
• Nā inikū o nā lāʻau steroid e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka pehu a me ke kaomi ma ke aʻalolo
• ʻO ke ʻoki kino e hoʻopakele ai i ke kaomi ma ke aʻalolo
• Hoʻoikaika kino hoʻoikaika kino e mālama i ka ikaika o ka mākala
• Nā kūpeʻe, nā splints, a i ʻole nā ​​hāmeʻa e kōkua i ka neʻe ʻana
• ʻO ka stimcure uila uila transcutaneus (TENS) e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke ʻeha o ke aʻalolo e pili ana i ka maʻi kō

Hiki paha i ka Mononeuropathy ke hōʻeha a ʻeha hoʻi. Inā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kumu o ka hana ʻole o ke aʻalolo a mālama maikaʻi ʻia, hiki i kahi hoʻōla piha i kekahi mau hihia.

ʻOluʻolu ʻole paha ke ʻāʻī nerve a hala no ka manawa lōʻihi.

Komo pū nā pilikia:

• Deformity, nalo o ka nui o kaʻaʻaʻa
• Nā hopena ʻaoʻao lāʻau
• ʻO ka hōʻeha hou a ʻike ʻole ʻia paha i kahi ʻeha e pili ana no ka loaʻa ʻole o ka naʻau

ʻO ka pale ʻana i ke kaomi a i ʻole ka hōʻeha traumatic hiki ke pale i nā ʻano he nui o ka mononeuropathy. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko a me ka maʻi kō hoʻi e hōʻemi ai i ka makaʻi o ke ʻano.

Neuropathy; Hoʻokaʻawale mononeuritis

• ʻŌnaehana ʻōnaehana waena a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana peripheral

National Institute of Neurological Disorder a me ka pūnaewele Stroke. Pepa ʻo neuropathy peripheral. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Peripheral-Neuropathy-Fact-Sheet. Hoʻohou ʻia Malaki 16, 2020. Loaʻa iā ʻAukake 20, 2020.

Smith G, Shy ME. Nā neuropathy ākea. I: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: chap 392.

ʻO Snow DC, ʻo Bunney EB. Nā maʻi nerve ākea. I: Nā paia RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, nā ʻaoʻao. ʻO Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Nā Manaʻo Manaʻo a me ka hana lapaʻau. 9th ed. Piladelapia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: chap 97.